Lernaeenicus sprattae

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Lernaeenicus sprattae
Lernaeenicus sprattae on host European sprat
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Copepoda
Order: Siphonostomatoida
Family: Pennellidae
Genus: Lernaeenicus
Species:
L. sprattae
Binomial name
Lernaeenicus sprattae
(Sowerby, 1806)[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Lernaea spratta Sowerby, 1806[2]
  • Foroculum spratti Thompson W., 1844
  • Lernaea cyclophora Blainville, 1822
  • Lernaea ocularis Cuvier, 1830
  • Lernaea surrirensis (Blainville, 1823)
  • Lernaeenicus bairdii (Salter, 1850)
  • Lernaeenicus monillaris (Milne Edwards, 1840)
  • Lernaeenicus sardinae Baudouin, 1904
  • Lernaeenicus spratta
  • Lernaeocera surriraiis Blainville, 1822
  • Lernaeonema bairdii Salter, 1850
  • Lernaeonema monillaris Milne Edwards, 1840
  • Lernaeonema spratta (Sowerby, 1806)

Lernaeenicus sprattae is a species of copepod in the family Pennellidae. It is a parasite of the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and certain other fish and is sometimes known as the sprat eye-maggot.[3]

Distribution

Lernaeenicus sprattae is a parasite of the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus) in northwestern Europe and the European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus) in southwestern Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea.[4]

Ecology

This copepod has a large number of developmental-stages, some free-living and some parasitic. Two

lumpsucker (Cyclopterus lumpusbut),[5] but the cycle is slower, with each of the developmental stages taking longer.[3]

Pathology

The copepod commonly burrows into the eye of the host, causing damage to the retina and cornea. The fish's vision is reduced and it may be blinded. Copepods can also attach to the flank of the fish by piercing it with its clawed limbs. The host's immune response causes inflammation of the surrounding tissue and further secures the parasite's hold. The parasite feeds on the host's blood and lysed cells.[6]

The loss of nutrients from the copepod feeding on blood and lysed cells is not enough to kill the fish; instead the host usually dies as a result of the copepod's physical attachment. Infected fish were observed to be slower than uninfected fish, likely due to reduced vision and blindness, which make it harder for the infected fish to escape predation. Disruption in blood flow from parasite feeding and physical difficulty moving due to the location of parasite attachment on the body also contribute to a loss of agility in infected fish.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b Boxshall, Geoff (2018). "Lernaeenicus sprattae (Sowerby, 1806)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  2. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.41623
    .
  3. ^
    doi:10.1080/00364827.1979.10411388
    .
  4. ^ a b El Gharbi, Salwa; Rousset, Viviane; Raibaut, André (December 1983). "Biology of Lernaeenicus sprattae (Sowerby, 1806) and its pathogenic effects on pilchard populations from the coasts of Languedoc-Roussillon (French Mediterranean)". Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes. 47: 191–201 – via Archimer.
  5. doi:10.1017/S0025315400055090
    .
  6. ISSN 0031-1820
    .

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lernaeenicus_sprattae&oldid=1220811362"