Leslie Comrie

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Leslie Comrie
Auckland University College
Known forEphemeris calculation automation
AwardsFellow of the Royal Society[1]
Scientific career
FieldsAstronomy

Leslie John Comrie FRS[1] (15 August 1893 – 11 December 1950) was an astronomer and a pioneer in mechanical computation.

Life

Leslie John Comrie was born in Pukekohe (south of Auckland), New Zealand, on 15 August 1893. He attended

Auckland University College (part of the University of New Zealand) from 1912 to 1916, graduating with BA and MA degrees with Honours in Chemistry.[2] During World War I, despite severe deafness, he saw action in France with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, and lost his left leg in February 1918 to a British shell.[3] While convalescing, he started using a mechanical calculator
and went on to modify commercial calculators for specific projects.

Having joined while in school in New Zealand,

Royal Greenwich Observatory, where he became deputy superintendent in 1926.[5]

His article On the Construction of Tables by Interpolation was published in April 1928, and described the use of punched card equipment for interpolating tables of data, in contrast to the more inefficient and error-prone methods involving mechanical devices like the pinwheel calculators under the Brunsviga brand name. In the same year, he became the first person to use punched card equipment for scientific calculations, by using Fourier synthesis to compute the principal terms in the motion of the Moon between 1935 and 2000 (improving upon the predictions of Ernest William Brown).

Wallace J. Eckert, an American student of Brown at Columbia University, would later use IBM's vast computational resources to refine the predictions even further.[6]

He was promoted to Superintendent of the Nautical Almanac Office in 1930. However, his unconventional use of machines for calculation caused tensions with his superiors, and he was suspended in August 1936.[7]

Comrie founded in 1937 the world's first private company for

scientific computing, incorporated as Scientific Computing Service, Limited.[8][9]
During World War II, he headed a team of 30 scientists to computerize war work, such as the creation of bombing tables for the Allies of World War II. He later used this technology to computerize British football pools.

After the war, Comrie visited the United States and New Zealand in 1948.[10] Comrie was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in March 1950.[1]

Comrie is also remembered for his work in astronomy, as he published both scientific and popular articles on subjects ranging from predicting

3521 Comrie, bear his name, as does the computer lab at the University of Auckland, which was named on the 50th anniversary of his death.[2]

Publications

Obituaries

References

  1. ^
    S2CID 120889334
    .
  2. ^ a b Garry Tee. "Comrie Lecture 2000". Department of Mathematics at the University of Auckland. Retrieved 4 June 2010.
  3. ISBN 978-0-19-850841-0
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0
    . Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  5. Bibcode:1951Obs....71...24.
    Retrieved 4 June 2010.
  6. ^ Frank da Cruz. "Professor Wallace J. Eckert". A Chronology of Computing at Columbia University web site. Columbia University. Retrieved 5 June 2010. (includes photographs, references and bibliography)
  7. ^ "Papers of Leslie John Comrie". Royal Greenwich Observatory Archives. Retrieved 4 June 2010.
  8. ^ "NAHC/SCS Scientific Computing Service Ltd" (PDF). UK National Archive for the History of Computing. University of Manchester Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine. p. 106. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2010.
  9. S2CID 22818807
    .
  10. ^ Ivan Leslie Thomsen (1966). A. H. McLintock (ed.). "Comrie, Leslie John, F.R.S. (1893–1950)". An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 4 June 2010.

External links

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