List of business and finance abbreviations

This is a list of abbreviations used in a business of financial context.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2008)

0-9

• 1H – First half of the year
• 24/7 –
  24 hours a day, seven days a week
• 80/20 – According to the Pareto principle, for many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes

A

• ADR – Alternative dispute resolution
• AI –
  Artificial Intelligence
• AM – Account manager
• AOP – Adjusted operating profit
• AOP – Annual operating plan
• AP – Accounts payable
• AR – Accounts receivable
• ARPU – Average revenue per user
• ASP – Average selling price
• agcy. – Agency
• agt. – Agent
• assoc. – Associate
• asst. – Assistant
• a/c. – Account

B

• BAU – Business as usual
• BEP – Break-even point
• BI – Business intelligence
• BIC –
  Bank identifier code
• bldg. – Building
• BLS – Balance sheet
• BOM – Bill of materials
• BPO – Business process outsourcing
• BPR – Brief project report
• BPV – Bank payment voucher
• BRD – Business requirements document
• BRU – Business recovery unit
• BRV – Bank receipt voucher
• BTW – By the way
• B2B – Business-to-business
• B2C –
  Business-to-consumer
• B2G – Business-to-government
• BU – Business unit
• BUSI – Business
• bus. – Business

C

• CAGR – Compound annual growth rate
• CAO –
  chief accounting officer
• CAPEX – Capital expenditure
• CAPM – Capital asset pricing model^[1]
• CBOE – Chicago Board Options Exchange
• CBOT – Chicago Board of Trade
• CDO – Collateralized debt obligation or chief data officer
• CDM – Change and data management
• CDS – Credit default swap
• CEO – Chief executive officer
• COA – Chart of Account
• CFA – Chartered Financial Analyst
• CFD – Contract for difference
• CFC – Consumption of fixed capital
• CFCT – Cash Flow Cycle Time
• CFM – Certified Financial Manager
• CFO –
  Chief Financial Officer
• CFS – Consolidated Financial Statement
• CIA –
  Certified Internal Auditor
• CIF – Cost Insurance With Freight
• CIMA – Chartered Institute of Management Accountants
• CIO –
  Chief Innovation Officer or Chief Investment Officer
• CIP – Carriage and Insurance Paid
• CISA –
  Certified Information Systems Auditor
• CISO –
  Chief Information Security Officer
• CLO –
  Chief Legal Officer
• CMA – Certified Management Accountant
• CMFB –
  Committee on monetary, finance and balance of payments statistics
• CMO –
  Chief Marketing Officer
• COB –
  Close of Business
• COC – Cost of Credit^[2] or Cost of Capital^[3]
• COD – Cost of Debt^[4] or Cash on Delivery
• COE –
  Center of Excellence or Cost of Equity^[5]
• COGS –
  Cost of Goods Sold
• Corp. – Corporation
• COO –
  Chief Operating Officer
• CPA – Certified Public Accountant
• CPI –
  Consumer Price Index
• CPO –
  Chief Procurement Officer
• CPQ – Configure, Price, Quote
• CPU – Central Processing Unit
• CSI – Corporate Social Investment
• CSO –
  Chief Security Officer
• CSR – Corporate social responsibility
• CRM –
  Customer Relationship Management
• CVP – Cost Volume Profit
• CTA – Call to action
• CTO –
  Chief Technology Officer
• CX –
  Customer Experience
• CXO – Any chief officer(s), x being a placeholder.
• C2B – Consumer-to-business
• C2C –
  Consumer-to-consumer
• C&F – Cost With Freight
• CKM – Customer Knowledge Management
• CTC – Cost to company
• CUSIP number – Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures number
• Cr – Credit
• CA – Current account (disambiguation)Current Account

D

• DDA – Depletion Depreciation amortization
• Dept. – Department
• DI – Dispatch information
• DIFOT – Delivery in full on time, a variant of
  On Time In Full
• Dir – Director
• disc. – Discount
• DMA – Direct market access
• DOE – Depending on Experience
• DPO – Days Payable Outstanding
• DR – Depositary receipt
• DSO –
  Days Sales Outstanding
• DSP – Delivery service provider
• DTP–
  Desktop Publishing
• DVP – Delivery versus payment

E

• EAR –
  Effective annual rate
• EAY – Effective Annual Yield
• EBITA – Earnings before interest and taxes and amortization
• EBITDA –
  Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization
• ECB – European Central Bank
• ECS –
  Electronic Clearing Service or Electronic Clearing System
• EDI –
  Electronic Data Interchange
• EFSM – European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism
• EFTPOS – Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale
• EIDL – Economic Injury Disaster Loan
• EPS – Earnings per share
• EXP – Export
• EOB –
  End of business
• EOD – End of day
• EOM –
  End of Message
• ERP –
  Enterprise Resource Planning
• ETA –
  Estimated Time of Arrival
• ETD –
  Estimated Time of Departure or Estimated Time of Delivery
• EMI –
  Equated Monthly Installment
• EPC – Export Promotion Council
• ECGC – Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India
• EXW –
  Ex Works

F

• FAB – Feature Advantage Benefits
• FDP –
  Finance Department
• FOB –
  Freight On Board
• FIFO – First In, First Out
• FinMin –
  Finance Minister
• Fin Min –
  Finance Minister
• FL –
  Financial leverage
• FOMC – Federal Open Market Committee
• FP&A – Financial Planning & Analysis
• FPO –
  Follow-on Public Offer
• FIX –
  Financial Information Exchange
• FSA – Financial Services Authority
• FTE – Full-Time Equivalent
• FV – Future Value
• FX – Foreign exchange market
• FY –
  Financial year
• FYA – For Your Action
• FYI – For Your Information
• FOC – Free Of Cost
• F/U – Follow-Up
• FYF – Full Year Forecast

G

• GAAP –
  Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
• GAAS – Generally Accepted Audit Standards
• GDP –
  Gross Domestic Product
• GDPR – General Data Protection Regulation
• GDR – Global depository receipt
• GFCF – Gross fixed capital formation
• GL –
  General Ledger
• GMV –
  Gross Merchandise Volume
• GP –
  Gross Profit
• GPO – Group purchasing organization
• GRN – Goods Receipt Note
• GRNI – Goods Receipt Not Invoiced
• GSV – Gross Sales Value
• GVC – Global value chain
• GMROII – Gross Margin Return on Inventory Investment
• G&A – General and Administration expense. expenditures related to the day-to-day operations of a business.

H

• HMRC –
  Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs
• HP – Hire purchase
• HQ – Headquarters
• HR –
  Human Resources
• HRD – Human Resource Development
• HS Code –
  Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System

I

• IAS –
  International Accounting Standards
• IBAN – International Bank Account Number
• ICB – Industry Classification Benchmark
• ICRM – Innovative Customer Relationship Management
• IE – Interest expense
• IFRS –
  International Financial Reporting Standard
• ILCLP – IdentLogic Systems Customer Loyalty Program
• IMF – International Monetary Fund
• IMP – Import
• Inc. – Incorporated
• IoT –
  Internet of Things
• IPO – Initial public offering
• IPT – Item Per Transaction
• IR – Interest rate – typically referring to an IR derivative product
• IRS – Internal Revenue Service
• IRR –
  Internal Rate of Return
• ISIN – International Securities Identification Number
• ISM – Institute for Supply Management
• ITT – Invitation to tender
• IYR – In Year Revenue

J

• J – Journal
• JIT – Just in time
• JIS – Just in sequence
• JST – Joint Supervisory Team
• JV – Joint Venture

K

• K – Is used as an abbreviation for 1,000. For example, $225K would be understood to mean $225,000, and $3.6K would be understood to mean $3,600. Multiple K's are not commonly used to represent larger numbers. In other words, it would look odd to use $1.2KK to represent $1,200,000.
• Ke – Is used as an abbreviation for Cost of Equity (COE). Ke is the risk-adjusted, theoretical rate of return on a Company's invested excess capital obtained through external investments. Among other things, the value of Ke and the Cost of Debt (COD)
  Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), in which Ke = Rf + ß(Rm-Rf). In this equation, Ke (COE) equals the anticipated return from the difference (Beta) of investment yields from a return based on market expectations (Rm)^[9]
  and a Risk Free Rate (Rf), such as Treasury Bills or Bonds.
• KIBOR –
  Karachi Interbank Offered Rate
• KPI –
  Key Performance Indicator
  , a type of performance measurement. An organization may use KPIs to evaluate its success, or to evaluate the success of a particular activity in which it is engaged.
• KYC – "Know Your Customer" refers to due diligence activities that financial institutions and other regulated companies must perform to ascertain relevant information.

• LBO – Leveraged Buyout
• LC – Letter of credit
• LIBOR –
  London Interbank Offered Rate
• LE – Latest Estimate
• LIFFE – London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange
• LIFO – Last In, First Out
• LLC –
  Limited Liability Company
• LME – London Metal Exchange
• LMS –
  Learning Management System
• Ltd. –
  Limited Company
• LTV – Loan to Value
• LOC – Lines of Credit
• LOI – Letter of intent
• LoU – Letters of Undertaking
• LY – Last Year

M

• MBS – Mortgage-backed security
• mfg. – Manufacturing
• MGMT – Management
• MIC – Market Identifier Code
• MiFID –
  Markets in Financial Instruments Directive
• MILE – Maximum impact, little effort ^[10]
• MoM – Month on Month / Month over Month
• MOQ – Minimum Order Quantity
• MOU – Memorandum of understanding
• MPC – marginal propensity to consume
• MRO –
  Maintenance, Repair, and Operations
• MRP – Maximum Retail Price
• MSOD – Monthly Statement of Select Operational Data
• MSRP – Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price
• MTD – Month-to-date
• MWC – Managerial Working Capital
• MPR – Monthly Progress Report
• MTM – Mark To Market

N

• NAV – Net asset value
• NCBO – No Change of Beneficial Ownership
• NCND – Non-Circumvent and Non-Disclosure
• NDA –
  Non-Disclosure Agreement
• NIAS – Net Income Attributable to Shareholders
• NII –
  Net Interest Income
• NIM – Net Interest Margin
• NNTO – No Need To Open
• NOA –
  Net Operating Assets
• NOI –
  Net Operating Income
• NOPAT –
  Net Operating Profit After Tax
• NPA – Non Performing Asset
• NPL – Non-performing loan
• NPV –
  Net Present Value
• NTE –
  Not To Exceed
• NYMEX – New York Mercantile Exchange
• NYSE – New York Stock Exchange
• NFO − New Fund Offer

O

• OC –
  Opportunity Cost
• OCF – Operating cash flow
• OECD –
  Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
• OEM – Original Equipment Manufacturer
• OIBDA – Operating Income Before Depreciation And Amortization
• OKR –
  Objectives and key results
• OOF – Out of Facility, used interchangeably with Out of Office and originating from the Microsoft Xenix mail system ^[11]
• OOO – Out of Office
• OPEX – Operating Expenditure or Operational Expenditure
• OTIF –
  On Time In Full
• OTC – Over-the-counter (finance)

P

• P&L –
  Profit and Loss
• P2B – Platform to Business^[12]
• PA –
  Personal Assistant
• PA – Promotional Activity ^{[citation needed]}
• PAT –
  Profit After Tax
• PBT –
  Profit Before Tax
• P/E –
  Price-to-earnings ratio
• PE –
  Private Equity
• PEG – Price-to-earnings growth ratio
• PHEK – Planherstellungskosten (Product Planning cost)
• PFI –
  Private Finance Initiative
• PI or PII – Professional Indemnity (insurance coverage)
• PII –
  Personally identifiable information
• pip – Percentage in point or Periodic Investment Plan
• PMAC –
  Period Moving Average Cost
• PO –
  Purchase Order
• POA – Plan Of Action
• POS – Point of sale
• PP&E –
  Property, plant, and equipment
• PPP –
  Public-private partnership
• PPP – Purchasing power parity
• PPT –
  Powerpoint presentation
• PR – Purchase Requisition
• PSP – Profit Sharing Plan
• PTC – Private Trust Company
• PTD – Project to Date
• PLR – Prime Lending Rate
• POC – Point of contact
• PIC – Person in charge
• PWIN – Percent win (a measure of performance of capture when bidding for contracts with a targeted customer base such as bidding for government contracts) ^[13][14]
• PWP – Personal Wealth Portfolio

Q

• Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 – quarters of the accounting year, calendar year or fiscal year
• QC – Quality control or Quality costs
• QoQ – Quarter on quarter
• QPR – Quarterly Performance Report
• QRP – Qualified Retirement Plan
• q/q – Quarter on quarter
• QTD – Quarter-to-date

R

• RAQSCI – Regulatory, Assurance of Supply, Quality, Service, Cost, Innovation (see RAQSCI)
• RBI – Reserve Bank of India
• RBA – Reserve Bank of Australia
• RE –
  Retained Earnings
• REIT –
  Real Estate Investment Trust
• RFI – Request for information
• RFP –
  Request for Proposal
• RFQ –
  Request for Quotation
• RFX – Generic name for a Request for Information, Proposal or Quotation
• RMD – Required Minimum Distribution
• R/O –
  Rollover
• ROA – Return on assets
• ROB – Return on brand
• ROC – Registration Of Company
• ROCE –
  Return on Capital Employed
• ROE –
  Return on Equity
• ROI –
  Return on Investment
• ROIC –
  Return on Invested Capital
• RONA – Return on net assets
• ROS –
  Return on Sales
• RR – Resource rent
• RSP – Retail selling price
• RWA – Risk-weighted asset
• R&D –
  Research and Development
• RC – Retail Company

S

• S_t – Sales, during time period t.
• S&M – Sales & Marketing
• SLR – Statutory Liquidity Ratio
• S&OP – Sales and operations planning
• SAAS – Software-as-a-Service
• SAM – Strategic Asset Management or Software Asset Management
• SBU –
  Strategic Business Unit
• SBLC – Stand By Letter of Credit
• SCM –
  Supply Chain Management
• SCBA – Social Cost Benefit Analysis
• SEBI – Securities and Exchange Board of India
• SEC –
  Securities and Exchange Commission
• SEDOL – Stock Exchange Daily Official List
• SF – Structured Finance
• SG&A – Sales, General, and Administrative expenses
• SIMPLE – Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees
• SIOP – Sales Inventory and Operations Plan
• SIR – Stores Issuance Requisition
• SIV – Structured investment vehicle
• SKU – Stock keeping unit
• SLA –
  Service Level Agreement
• SMA – Separately Managed Account
• SME –
  Small and Medium Enterprises
• SOHO – Small office/home office
• SOP – Standard operating procedure
• SOW – Statement of Work
• SOX –
  Sarbanes-Oxley
• SPP – Systematic Payment Plan
• SROI – Social return on investment
• SSN –
  Social Security Number
• Stg – Sterling, the currency of the United Kingdom
• STP – Situation Target Proposal or Situation Target Path ^[15]
• SUA – Start Up Agreement
• SWM – Strategic Wealth Management
• SWIP – Systematic Withdrawal from Investment Plan
• SWOT – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats

T

• TB – Transaction Banking
• TBC – To Be Completed
• TBD – To Be Defined
• TCO –
  Total Cost of Ownership
• TCV – Total Contract Value
• TOTW – Time Off for Time Worked
• TQM –
  Total Quality Management
• TSR – Total shareholder return
• TTM – Trailing Twelve Months
• TVM – Time Value of Money
• Ts & Cs – Terms and Conditions

U

• USP –
  Unique Selling Proposition
• UPI – Unified Payment Interface

V

• VAD – Value-Added Distributor
• VaR – Value at Risk
• VAR – Value-Added Reseller
• VAT – Value-Added Tax
• VC –
  Venture Capital
• VP –
  Vice President

W

• WACC – Weighted average cost of capital
• WC – Working capital
• WFH – Work From Home
• wk – week
• wrk – work
• wo – work order
• WOGs – With other Goods
• WIGs – Wildly Important Goals
• wasp – weighted average selling price
• WLL – With Limited Liability
• w.r.t – With Respect To
• WTI – West Texas Intermediate
• WVN – Withdraw Voucher Note
• WHT – Withholding Tax
• WTO – World Trade Organization
• WTD – Week-To-Date
• WW – World Wide

X

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2020)

Y

• YTD – Year-to-date
• YTG – Year-to-go
• YOY – Year-over-year
• YTC – Yet-To-Confirm

Z

• ZBB –
  Zero Based Budgeting
• zcyc – Zero Coupon Yield Curve
• ZOPA –
  Zone of Possible Agreement

References