List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This is a list of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa.

Algeria

In Q3 of 2023, the penetration rate was estimated at 114.42% over a population estimate of 44.20 million.[1]

The telecom regulator in Algeria is Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (ARPT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
Mobilis
LTE
 22.1 (Q3 2023)[1] Algérie Télécom
2 Djezzy
LTE
 15.6 (Q3 2023)[1] State-owned (51%), Global Telecom Holding (VEON) (49%)[2]
3 Ooredoo
(formerly Nedjma)
LTE
 12.9 (Q3 2023)[1] Ooredoo (74.4%)

Angola

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 63.7% over a population estimate of 13.3 million.[3]

The telecom regulator in Angola is Instituto Angolano das Comunicações (INACOM).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Unitel
LTE
 7 (November 2011)[4]
Portugal Telecom (25%)[5]
2 Movicel
LTE
 2.5 (September 2010)[5] Government (Angola Telecom) (18%), Correios Telegrafos de Angola (2%),
Porturil (40%), Modus Comicare (19%), Ipang (10%), Lambda (6%)
3 Africell 5 (September 2022)[6] Africell Group

Bahrain

At the end of 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 133% over a population estimate of 1.27 million.[7]

The telecom regulator in Bahrain is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Bahrain (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Batelco
DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE
 0.738[8] (Dec 2011) Bahrain Telecommunications Company
2 Zain
(formerly MTC-Vodafone)
HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE
WiMAX
 0.787 (Sep 2014)[9] Zain Group (56.25%)
3 stc
DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE
 Not Yet Available STC

Benin

In December 2015, the penetration rate was estimated at 90.33%[10] (in 2014, the population was estimated as 10.33 millions[11]).

The telecom regulator in Benin is Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et de la poste (ARCEP Benin).[12]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900/1800 MHz

DC-HSPA+ LTE

 4.3[10] (Dec 2015)
MTN
(75%)
2 Moov
DC-HSPA+

LTE

3.3[10] (Dec 2015)
Etisalat
3
Glo
 GSM-900/1800 MHz 1.7[10] (Dec 2015)
Globacom
4 Libercom GSM-900 MHz 0.056[10] (Dec 2015) Benin Telecom
- BBcom GSM-900/1800 MHz ND[10][13] (Dec 2015) Bell Benin Communications

Botswana

In March 2015 the penetration rate was 167% over a population estimate of 2.05 millions.[14]

The telecom regulator in Botswana is Botswana Communications Regulatory Authority (BOCRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Mascom
HSPA+

LTE

1.7[14] (March 2015)
MTN
(53%)
2 Orange
HSDPA

LTE

1.1[14] (March 2015) Orange S.A. (69%), Mosokelatsebeng Cellular (local investors, 26%), local individuals (5%)
3 btc GSM-900/1800
UMTS		 0.52[14] (March 2015) BTC Botswana Telecommunications Corporation

Burkina Faso

In December 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 36% over a population estimate of 16.7 million.[15]

The telecom regulator in Burkina Faso is Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et des postes (ARCEP),[16] the current name of the former Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques (ARCE) and of the previous Autorité de régulation des télécommunications (ARTEL).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange
HSPA+
 4.1 (2012) Orange[17]
2 Telmob (Onatel)
DC-HSPA+
 3.9 [18] (2012) Maroc Telecom (51%)
3 Telecel Faso
EDGE
)		 2 (2012) Planor Afrique

Burundi

In 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 20% over a population estimate of 8 million.[19]

The telecom regulator in Burundi is Agence de Régulation et de Contrôle des Télécommunications (ARCT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Lumitel
(Viettel Burundi S.A.)
4G LTE
 3[20] (December 2020) Viettel Group (Vietnam)
2 Econet Leo
CDMA
GSM-900/1800 MHz
2100 MHz UMTS

LTE

2.6[21] (July 2015)
Econet Wireless

(purchased Leo from Vimpelcom)
3 ONAMOB GSM-900 MHz 0.140 (November 2008)[citation needed] Onatel (state owned)
4 Smart Mobile
(formerly Lacell)		 GSM-1800 MHz
UMTS		 Not Yet Available Smart Telecom

Cabo Verde

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 87.5% over a population estimate of 0.5 million.[22]

The telecom regulator in Cabo Verde is Agência Nacional de Comunicações (ANAC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 CV Móvel GSM-900/1800 MHz UMTS 0.355[23] (September 2009)
Portugal Telecom
(40%)
2 T-MAIS GSM-900/1800 MHz 0.047[24] (Q1 2010) T-Mais

Cameroon

In July 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 43% over a population estimate of 19.7 million.[25]

The telecom regulator in Cameroon is Agence de Régulation des Télécommunications (ART).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-MHz 900

LTE

10.1 [26] (dec 2014) MTN Group (70%)
2 Orange GSM-900 MHz

LTE

6.2 [26] (dec 2014) Orange S.A.
3
Nexttel
 GSM-900/1800 MHz
UMTS		 2.0 [26] (May 2015) Viettel Global, Bestinver Cameroon S.A.R.L
4 Camtel GSM new licence in September 2014 Camtel (government)
5 YooMee WiMAX Not yet available YooMee

Central African Republic

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 17.2% over a population estimate of 4.9 million.[27]

The telecom regulator in Central African Republic is Agence de régulation des télécommunications (ART).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 telecel GSM-900 0.143[28] (December 2008)
Orascom Telecom
2 Orange
HSPA+
 0.189[29] (December 2009) Orange S.A.
3 azur GSM-900 0.158[30] (December 2008) Bintel
4 Moov Africa GSM-900 Not Yet Available Maroc Telecom

Chad

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 24.3% over a population estimate of 10.7 million.[31]

The telecom regulator in Chad is Office Tchadien de Régulation des Télécommunications (OTRT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Moov
EDGE
. 3G HSPA Plus + 2100 MHz,4G LTE 10 MHz ) 		1.257[32] (October 2010) Maroc Telecom
2 Airtel
HSDPA

LTE

1.199 (June 2009) Bharti Airtel

Comoros

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 20.8% over a population estimate of 0.8 million.[33]

The telecom regulator in Comoros is Autorité Nationale de Régulation des TIC (ANRTIC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 HURI GSM-900

HSPA+ LTE

 0.056 (2007)[34] government (Societe Nationale des Telecommunications)
2 Telma
EDGE
. 3G HSPA Plus + 2100 MHz,4G LTE 10 MHz)		 - Telecom Madagascar

Congo

In Q4 2015 the penetration rate was estimated at 95.7%[35] over a population estimate of 4.6 million.

The telecom regulator in Congo is Agence de Régulation des postes et des Communications Electroniques (ARPCE).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
MTN
HSPA+

LTE

2.250[36] (Q4 2015)
MTN
2 Airtel
HSPA+

LTE

1.851[36] (Q4 2015) Bharti Airtel (90%)
3 Azur GSM-900/1800 MHz 0.313[36] (Q4 2015) Bintel

Côte d'Ivoire

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 68.5% over a population estimate of 21.5 million.[37]

The telecom regulator in Côte d'Ivoire is Autorité de Régulation des Télécommunications/TIC de Côte d'Ivoire (ARTCI).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange
DC-HSPA+

LTE

13.531 (Sep 2017)[29] Orange S.A. (85%), Comafrique (15%)
2 MTN
HSDPA

LTE

11.173 (Sep 2017)[38] MTN (64.7%), Planor (25.3%), Teylium group (10%)
3 Moov
HSPA+
 7.587 (Sep 2017)[24]
Etisalat
4 Koz GSM-900/1800 2.500 (April 2010)[39] Comium (licence revoqued)[40]
5 GreenN GSM-900/1800 0.617 (Q1 2010)[citation needed] LAP Oricel (licence revoqued)[40]
- Warid GSM Not Yet Available Warid Telecom (licence revoqued)[40]
- Mobile Cafe GSM Not Yet Available Aircomm (licence revoqued)[40]
- YooMee
TD-LTE
 Not Yet Available YooMee

Democratic Republic of the Congo

In 2016 the penetration rate was estimated at 50% over a population estimate of 80 million.

The telecom regulator in Democratic Republic of the Congo is Agence de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications du Congo (ARPTC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom
HSPA+
WiMAX
 13.766[41] (Mar 2014) Vodacom (51%), Congolese Wireless Network (49%)
2 Orange
HSPA+
 10.674[42] (Q3 2015) Orange S.A.
3 Africell GSM
UMTS		 5.5 (Dec 2014) Africell Holding[43]
4 Airtel
HSPA+
 5.0[44] (Aug 2012) Bharti Airtel (98.5%)
5 Supercell GSM-900 0.028 (covers Kivu only) [45]
6 SemaTel GSM not started Hits Telecom[46] (60%)
7 U-Com
CDMA
 not started Global Vision Telecom (Telecel International)[47]
- Smile LTE launch expected in 2016 [48] Smile Communications (Al-Nahla Technology, Atheeb Trading Company, Capitalworks, Verene) [49]

Djibouti

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 14.88% over a population estimate of 0.75 million.[50]

The telecom regulator in Djibouti is Ministère de la Communication chargé des Postes et des Télécommunications (MCPT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Evatis GSM-900 MHz
UMTS, HSPA		 0.106 (Q1 2010)[citation needed] Djibouti Telecom (government)

Egypt

Egypt has 99 million mobile users as of December 2017, government figures showed.[51]

The telecom regulator in Egypt is National Telecom Regulatory Authority (NTRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodafone Egypt
HSPA+
LTE
 45.083[52] (Nov 2022) Vodafone Group plc (55%), Telecom Egypt (45%)
2 Orange
(formerly Mobinil)
HSPA+
LTE
 27.601[51] (July 2020) Orange S.A. (99.39%), free float (0.61%)
3 Etisalat
HSPA+
LTE
 26.0[51] (July 2020) Etisalat (76%), Egypt Post (20%), Other Investors (4%)
4 We (by Telecom Egypt)
HSPA+

LTE

1.6 (December 2017) Egyptian government (80%), free float (20%)

Equatorial Guinea

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 74% over a population estimate of 0.6 million.[53]

The telecom regulator in Equatorial Guinea is Órgano Regulador de las Telecomunicaciones Telecommunications Regulatory Agency (ORTEL).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM-900 MHz 0.333[29] (Dec 2009) Orange S.A. (40%), Equatorial Guinea state (60%)
2 Muni GSM-900/1800 MHz UMTS 0.150 (September 2013)[citation needed] Green-com S.A. (Hits Africa)
3 Gecomsa not yet available
(created in 2012)		 Equatorial Guinea state (51%), China state (49%)

Eritrea

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 3.4% over a population estimate of 5.9 million.[54]

The telecom regulator in Eritrea is Eritrean Communications Regulatory Authority (ECRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
Eritel
GPRS
)		 Not Yet Available Eritrea Telecommunications Services Corporation

Ethiopia

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 4.6% over a population estimate of 90.8 million.[55]

The telecom regulator in Ethiopia is Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (MCIT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
Ethiotelecom
HSPA+

LTE

26.2[56]
Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation
2 Safaricom Telecommunications Ethiopia 2G, 3G, 4G Safaricom (55.7%)|Sumitomo Corporation (27.20%)|British International Investment (10.9%)|Vodacom (6.20%)

Gabon

In June 2018 the penetration rate was estimated to at almost 157%.[57]

The telecom regulator in Gabon is Autorité de Régulation des communications Electroniques et des Postes (ARCEP) https://www.arcep.ga.

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel
(formerly Celtel, Zain)
HSPA+

LTE

1.181 (June 2018)[57] Bharti Airtel (90%)
2 Moov Africa Gabon Telecom GSM-900 MHz 1.648 (June 2018) [57] Maroc Telecom (51%),
Gabonese government (49%)

Gambia

In 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 85.53% over a population estimate of 1.77 million.

The telecom regulator in Gambia is Public Utilities Regulatory Authority (PURA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Africell
HSDPA

LTE

1.30 (Jan 2015) [citation needed] Africell Gambia LTD
2 Comium
GPRS
)		 0.25 (2012) [citation needed] Comium Group
3
Gamcel
 GSM-900 0.24 (2012) [citation needed]
Gambia Telecommunications Cellular Company Ltd
4 Qcell
HSDPA
 0.115 (2012) [citation needed] Qcell

Ghana

In March 2021 the penetration rate was estimated at 133.14% over a population estimate of 31.1 million.[58]

The telecom regulator in Ghana is National Communications Authority (NCA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
MTN
HSDPA

LTE

23.23[58] (March 2021)
MTN
(97.7%)
2 Vodafone Ghana
HSDPA

LTE

7.537[58] (Q3 2023) Telecel Group (70%)

Government of Ghana (30%)

3 AirtelTigo 8.32 (March 2021) Government of Ghana
4
Glo
HSPA+
 0.78[58] (March 2021)
Globacom

Guinea

In Q4 2015, the penetration rate was estimated at 99.1%[59] over a population estimate of 10.8 million.

The telecom regulator in Guinea is Autorité de Régulation des Postes et Télécommunications (ARPT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM-900/1800 MHz 5.24[59] (Q4 2015) Orange S.A. (52.2%)
2 MTN
(formerly Areeba)
HSPA+
WiMAX
 3.21[59] (Q4 2015)
MTN
(75%)
3 Cellcom Guinée GSM-900/1800 MHz
2100 MHz UMTS		 2.14[59] (Q4 2015) Cellcom Telecommunications Ltd[60]
4 Intercel GSM-900 MHz 0.11[59] (Q4 2015) Telecel Guinee SARL
5 Sotelgui GSM-900 MHz 0.16 [citation needed] Telekom Malaysia, government

Guinea-Bissau

In March 2015 the penetration rate was estimated at 67.0% over a population estimate of 1.75 million.[61]

The telecom regulator in Guinea-Bissau is Autoridade Reguladora Nacional das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação da Guiné Bissau (ARN).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN GSM-900/1800 UMTS

LTE

0.575 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN Group
2 Orange GSM-900/1800

LTE

0.477 (Dec 2013)[62] Orange S.A. (52.2%)
3 Guinetel GSM-900 not available Guinea Telecom

Iran

In December 2020 the penetration rate was estimated at 151.91% over a population estimate of 80 million.

The telecom regulator in Iran is Communications Regulatory Authority of Iran سازمان تنظيم مقررات و ارتباطات رادیویی (CRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers[63]
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
Hamrahe Aval
VoWiFi
) 		68 (Q4 2020) Telecommunication Company of Iran
2 Irancell
VoLTE
) 		55 (Q4 2020) Iran Electronic Development Company (51%)
MTN Group (49%)
3
RighTel
 2100/900 MHz (
DC-HSPA+)
1800 MHz (LTE
)		 2.5 (Q1 2018)
Social Security Investment Company

Iraq

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 74.2% over a population estimate of 30.4 million.[64]

The telecom regulator in Iraq is Communications and Media Commission هيئة الإعلام والإتصالات (CMC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain
EDGE, 3G
)

LTE

14.9[9] (July 2020) Zain Group (71.67%)
2
Asia Cell
EDGE
)		 13.3[65] (Q2 2020) Ooredoo (30%)
3 Korek
HSPA
)		 Not Yet Available Korek Telecom Ltd.
4 Omnnea
CDMA
 Not Yet Available Omnnea
5 Itisaluna CDMA 2000 1x & EVDO-450,800,1900 MHz Not Yet Available Itisaluna

Israel

In 2018 the penetration rate was estimated at 111% over a population estimate of over 10 million.

The telecom regulator in Israel is Ministry of Communications משרד התקשורת (MOC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
Mobile Network Operators
1
Cellcom
LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR
 3.641[66] (Q3 2020) DIC (41.77%), Public (58.23%)
2 Partner
LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR

Radio network shared with Hot Mobile		 2.760[67] (Q3 2020) S.B. Israel Telecom (30.4%), exclusive Israeli shareholders (5%), Public (64.6%)
3 Pelephone 850/2100 MHz
LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR
 2.406[68] (Q3 2020) Bezeq
4 Hot Mobile 800 MHz
LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR

Radio network shared with Partner (other than iDEN)		 N/A HOT
5 Golan Telecom
LTE
3500 MHz 5G NR
 N/A ELCO Group
6
XFONE
 1800 MHz
LTE
 N/A Marathon Telecom Ltd
Mobile Virtual Network Operators
7 Rami Levy
(using Pelephone)
LTE
 N/A Rami Levy Hashikma Marketing
8 HomeCellular
(using Cellcom)
LTE
 N/A
9 019 Mobile
(using Partner)
LTE
 N/A
10 Cellact
(using Pelephone)
LTE
 N/A Cellact Communication

Jordan

In March 2016 the penetration rate was estimated at 140% over a population estimate of 14.09 million.[69]

The telecom regulator in Jordan is Telecommunications Regulatory Commission هيئة تنظيم قطاع الاتصالات (TRC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain Jordan
HSPA+, LTE
 4.94[69] (Q1 2016) Zain Group
2 Orange Jordan
HSPA+, LTE
 4.59[69] (Q1 2016) Orange S.A.
3 Umniah
DC-HSPA+, LTE
 4.55[69] (Q1 2016) Batelco

Kenya

The country has 40.8 million subscribers in total, or a 76.9% penetration rate.[70] (Jan 2018)

The telecom regulator in Kenya is Communications Authority of Kenya (CAK).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Safaricom
DC-HSPA+
WiMAX
800/1800 MHz LTE
 42[71] (2023)
Vodafone Group plc
(5%)
Public Float (25%)
2 Airtel Kenya
(formerly Zain)
HSPA+

LTE

18[72] (2023) Bharti Airtel (80%)
3 Telkom Kenya
(formerly Orange)
DC-HSPA+

LTE

3[72] (2023) Government of Kenya[72]
4 Jamii Telecommunications (Faiba 4G) LTE-700 MHz Jamii Telecommunications Limited

Kuwait

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 164.7% over a population estimate of 2.6 million.[73]

The telecom regulator in Kuwait is the Communication and Information Technology Regulatory Authority (CITRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain
HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE
 2.6 (Sep 2014)[9] Zain Group
2
Wataniya
)
HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE
 2.394[65] (Q2 2014) Ooredoo (52.5%)
3 Saudi Telecom Company (formerly Viva Kuwait)
DC-HSPA+
1800 MHz LTE
 1.106[when?][citation needed] STC (26%)

Lebanon

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 65.9% over a population estimate of 4.1 million.[74]

The telecom regulator in Lebanon is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
touch
LTE-A
 2.4 (Sep 2014)[9] government - management contract: Zain Group
2 Alfa
LTE-A
 1.8[75] (2014) government - management contract:
Orascom Telecom

Lesotho

In 2016 the penetration rate was estimated at 86% over a population estimate of 2.2 million.[76]

The telecom regulator in Lesotho is Lesotho Communications Authority (LCA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom
EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA
LTE
WiMAX
 1.449[77] (2016) Vodacom (80%), Sekha-Metsi Consortium (20%)
2 Econet Telecom Lesotho
HSDPA
 0.448[77] (2016) Econet Ezi Cel Lesotho (Pty)

Liberia

At the end of 2013, the penetration rate was estimated at 68.3% over a population estimate of 3.8 million.[78]

The telecom regulator in Liberia is Liberia Telecommunications Authority (LTA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Lonestar Cell MTN GSM-900 1.299 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN (60%)
2 Orange
LTE
 0.997[78] (end 2013) Orange Côte d'Ivoire
(formerly owned by Cellcom Telecommunications)
3 Novafone
(formerly Comium)
DC-HSPA+
 0.236[78] (end 2013) Comium Services BVI
4 LTC Mobile ? 0.005[78] (still active) Liberia Telecommunications Corporation

Libya

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 169.74% over a population estimate of 6.6 million.[79]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Libyana
LTE-A, 5G
(testing)		 6.2[80] (December 2019)
State-owned
via GPTC
2 Almadar Aljadid
HSPA+
,

4G,

LTE-A
, 5G(testing)

5.0[81] (December 2019)
State-owned
via GPTC

Madagascar

In 2014 the penetration rate was estimated at 42% (9.7 million) over a population estimate of 23 million.[82]

The telecom regulator in Madagascar is Autorité de Régulation des Technologies de Communication (ARTEC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel
HSPA+

LTE

2.56 (April 2013)[83] Bharti Airtel
2 Telma Mobile
EDGE)
2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA

LTE

1.98 (April 2013) Distacom Group, Telma SA, Hiridjee group
3 Orange
EDGE
)

LTE

1.85 (April 2013) Orange S.A. (40.01%)
4 Blueline LTE N/A Gulfsat

Malawi

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 19.32% over a population estimate of 15.9 million.[84]

The telecom regulator in Malawi is Malawi Communications Regulatory Authority (MACRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel
(formerly Zain)
HSPA+

LTE

3.5 (September 2015) [85] Bharti Airtel
2 TNM
HSDPA

LTE

2 (July 2013) [86] Malawi Telecommunications Limited, Telekom Malaysia
3 MTL (Malawi Telecommunications Limited)

LTE-1800

Press Corporation, NICO, Malawi Government
4 Access GSM-900, LTE-800 0.1
5 G-Mobile
(license revoked [87])		 GSM Globally Advanced Integrated Networks,[88] Beryl (South Africa)
6 Lacell GSM La Cell Private Limited[89]
7 G-Expresso GSM Expresso Telecom Group Limited[89]

Mali

The country had 20.2 million subscribers in total (end 2016), or a 113% penetration rate.[90]

The telecom regulator in Mali is Autorité Malienne de Régulation des Télécommunications/TIC et des Postes (AMRTP).[91]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange[92]
HSPA+
 13.1 (end 2016) Orange S.A. 52.2%
2 Moov Africa Malitel[93]
HSDPA
 7.1 (end 2016) Maroc Telecom 51%, local investors 20%, government 19%, staff 10%[94]
3 Planor GSM licensed in Jan 2012 Planor (support of Monaco Telecom)

Mauritania

At the end 2020 the penetration rate was estimated at 101% over a population estimate of 4 million.[95]

The telecom regulator in Mauritania is Autorité de Régulation (ARE).[96]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Moov Mauritel GSM-850 MHz,900 MHz,1800 MHz,1900 MHz UMTS,HSPA+,4G/LTE 2.600 (Dec 2020)[citation needed] Maroc Telecom (51.5%)
2 Chinguitel GSM-850 MHz,900 MHz,1800 MHz,1900 MHz,CDMA,UMTS,HSPA+ 1.40 (May 2008) Sudatel (60%)
3 MATTEL GSM- 850 MHz,900 MHz,1800 MHz,1900 MHz,UMTS,HSPA+,4G/LTE Not Yet Available Tunisie Telecom (51%), Mauritanian Investors (49%)

Mauritius

The telecom regulator in Mauritius is Information and Communication Technologies Authority of Mauritius (ICTA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Mauritius Telecom
LTE
 0.628[29] (Dec 2009) Orange S.A. (40%)| Government of Mauritius (33.49%)| SBM Investments Managers Ltd (19%)| National Pensions Fund (6.55%)| Employees of Mauritius Telecom (0.96%)
2 Emtel
LTE
 0.437[97] (Dec 2009) MIC (50%), Currimjee
3
CHiLi
EvDo, GSM, UMTS
 0.318 (March 2019)
Mahanagar Telephone Mauritius Limited (MTML)

Morocco

The country has 55.873 million subscribers in total, or a 150.92% penetration rate.[98] (December 2023)

The telecom regulator in Morocco is Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Telecommunications (ANRT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Maroc Telecom
LTE-A
 19.717 (December 2023)
Etisalat
(53%), Government Morocco (22%)
2 Orange Morocco
LTE-A
 18.149 (December 2023) Orange S.A. (49%),
FinanceCom+CDG (51%)
3
inwi
HSPA+
,

800/1800/2600 MHz,

LTE-A

 18.006 (December 2023) Zain Group (31%)

Mozambique

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 27.19% over a population estimate of 22.95 million.[99]

The telecom regulator in Mozambique is Instituto Nacional das Comunicações de Moçambique (INCM).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Tmcel
HSDPA
 5.3[100][when?] Partially
state-owned
2 Vodacom
HSDPA
 4.3[41] (Mar 2014) Vodacom (85%)
3 Movitel GSM 2[101] (May 2013)
Viettel (70%), SPI (30%)[102]

Namibia

In December 2016 Namibia had 2.66 million active SIM cards.[103]

The telecom regulator in Namibia is Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia (CRAN).[104]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTC[105]
LTE
 2.422 (Dec 2016)
Portugal Telecom
(34%)
2 TN Mobile[106]
(formerly Cell One, Leo)
HSDPA

LTE

0.187 (Dec 2016) Telecom Namibia Ltd.

Niger

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 20.63% over a population estimate of 16.5 million.

The telecom regulator is Autorité de Régulation des Télécommunications et de la Poste (ARTP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel GSM-900 1.31 (June 2009) Bharti

Airtel

2 Niger Telecoms GSM-900 2.5 (Q1 2012) Sahel-Com, Lap Green overtaken by government[107]
3 Zamani Telecom
HSDPA
 0.462[29] (Dec 2009) Zamani Com
4 Moov Africa Niger GSM-900 Not Yet Available Maroc Telecom

Nigeria

The telecom regulator in Nigeria is Nigerian Communications Commission.

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
MTN
HSDPA

LTE

74.04 [108] (May 2021)
MTN
(41.5%)
2 Airtel
(formerly Zain)
DC-HSPA+

LTE

50.02 [109] (May 2021) Bharti Airtel (20.6%)
3
Glo Mobile
HSDPA

LTE

49.78 [110] (May 2021)
Globacom
(20.78%)
4 9mobile
(formerly Etisalat)
DC-HSPA+

LTE

12.84 [110] (May 2021)
Mubadala
, Nigerian Investors (15.60%)

Oman

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 142.19% over a population estimate of 3 million.[111]

The telecom regulator in Oman is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority هيئة تنظيم الاتصالات (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Omantel
TD-LTE
 2.72[112] (Dec 2013) Omantel (99%)
2
Nawras
)
TD-LTE
 2.472[65] (Q2 2014) Ooredoo (55%)

Palestine

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 97.5% over a population estimate of 2.5 million.[113]

The telecom regulator in Palestine is Palestinian Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (PTRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Jawwal
EDGE
)

2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

2.45[114] (Q1 2012)
Paltel
2 Ooredoo
EDGE
)

2100 MHz UMTS, HSPA+

0.679[65] (Q2 2014) Ooredoo (57%), Palestine Investment Fund (43%)

Qatar

As of Q3 2022, Qatar had 4.5 million active mobile subscribers in total.[115]

The telecom regulator in Qatar is Communications Regulatory Authority (CRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
Qtel
)
HSPA+
800/1800/2600 MHz LTE, LTE-A
 2.5[115] (Q3 2022) Ooredoo
2
Vodafone
LTE-A
 2.0[115] (Q3 2022) Qatar Foundation LLC (50%), Pension Fund (13.05%), free float (36.95%)

La Réunion

This French overseas territory has ? million subscribers in total, or a 74.7% penetration rate.[116] (2008)

The telecom regulator in La Réunion is Autorité de Régulation des Communications Electroniques et des Postes (ARCEP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 SFR
DC-HSPA+

LTE

Not Yet Available SFR
2 Orange
DC-HSPA+

LTE

Not Yet Available Orange
3 FREE
HSDPA
 Not Yet Available fr: ILIAD and TELCO OI

Rwanda

In December 2013 the penetration rate was estimated at 63.5% over a population estimate of 11.4 million.[117]

The telecom regulator in Rwanda is Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency (RURA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN Rwanda
HSPA+

LTE

3.65[118] (Dec 2017) MTN Group (55%), Crystal Telecom (35%)
2 Airtel
HSPA+
LTE
 ~5.00 [118] (Dec 2017) Bharti Airtel
- Rwandatel CdmaOne
GSM-900/1800
2100 MHz UMTS		 [119] (license revoked Apr 2011) LAP Green Networks (80%)

Saint Helena

Main article: Communications in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

As of the 2021 census, 73.7% of households reported having access to at least one mobile phone, and 66.0% reported having access to the internet.[120]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Sure GSM-900

LTE 1800 MHz[121]

Not Yet Available Batelco

São Tomé and Príncipe

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 57.94% over a population estimate of 0.18 million.[122]

The telecom regulator in São Tomé and Príncipe is Autoridade Geral de Regulação (AGER).[123]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 CST[124] GSM-900 UMTS[125] 0.078[23] (September 2009)
Portugal Telecom
(51%)

Saudi Arabia

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 162.6% over a population estimate of 26.1 million.[126]

The telecom regulator in Saudi Arabia is Communications and Information Technology Commission هيئة الاتصالات وتقنية المعلومات (CITC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 stc 2G :
DC-HSPA+

4G FD-LTE :700/1800/2100 MHz
4G TD-LTE :2300 MHz

5G NR:3500 MHz

19.914[127] (Q3 2010) 70% state owned and 30% private[citation needed]
2 Mobily 2G :
HSPA+

4G TD-LTE:2600 MHz
4G FD-LTE:800/1800/2100 MHz		 15.06[127] (Q3 2010)
Etisalat
(27.45%)
3 Zain 2G:
LTE-A
 11.40 (Dec 2015) Zain Group (37%)
4 Virgin mobile KSA
TD-LTE
 2.8 (2017)[128]
5 Lebara Mobile KSA
TD-LTE
 Lebara

Senegal

At the end of December 2015 the penetration rate was estimated at 110,74%, over a population estimate of 13,5 millions.[129]

The telecom regulator in Senegal is Autorité de Régulation des Télécommunications et des Postes (ARTP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Orange GSM-900
2100 MHz UMTS

LTE

9.936[129] (31 Dec 2015) Sonatel, Orange S.A. (52.2%)
2 Free
HSPA+

LTE

3.355[129] (31 Dec 2015) Teyliom, NJJ and AXIAN [130]
3 Expresso
CDMA
GSM-900/1800
UMTS
 3.188[129] (31 Dec 2015) Sudatel
4 Hayo Telecom
CDMA
GSM-900/1800
UMTS
 0.483[129] (31 Dec 2015) CSU

Seychelles

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 245% over a population estimate of 0.09 million.[131]

The telecom regulator in Seychelles is Department of Information Communications Technology (ICT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Airtel
HSDPA

LTE

0.065[132] Bharti Airtel
2 Cable & Wireless GSM-900 MHz Not Yet Available Cable & Wireless

Sierra Leone

The country has 0.8 million subscribers in total, or a 13.23% penetration rate.[133] (2007)

The telecom regulator in Sierra Leone is National Telecommunications Commission (NATCOM).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Africell GSM-900
UMTS		 2.9[134] (Feb 2015) Lintel Limited
2 Orange
HSDPA

LTE

0.644[135] (Feb 2012) Orange[17]
3 Sierratel
CDMA
 Not Yet Available government, managed by MDIC[136]
4 Qcell
HSDPA
 Qcell
Comium GSM-900/1800
WiMAX		 0.650[137] (2009) Comium licence revoked since October 2014,[138] while NATCOM managers have been sacked in 2015[139]
GreenN GSM Not Yet Available Ambitel (LapGreen) licence revoked since September 2014[140]

Somalia

As of 2009, dial up internet services in Somalia were among the fastest developing in the region, with an annual landline growth rate of over 12.5%. Internet via satellite also had a steady growth rate of 10% to 15% per year.[141]

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Hormuud
HSPA+

LTE

2.38[142] (Q4 2015) Hormuud Telecom Somalia Inc
2 Telcom Somalia GSM
2100 MHz UMTS

LTE

1.00[142] (Q4 2015) Haatif Telecom Somalia
3 Telesom Mobile GSM
2100 MHz UMTS		 0.80[142] (Q4 2015) Telesom Group
4 Nationlink GSM-900 0.71[142] (Q4 2015) Bintel
5 Somtel
HSDPA

LTE

0.46[142] (Q4 2015) Dahabshiil
6 Golis Telecom Somalia GSM-900 0.24[142] (Q4 2015) Golis Telecom Somalia, Gaani Wireless
7 Somafone GSM-900 0.20[142] (Q4 2015) Somali Telecom Group
8 Netco GSM-900 Not Yet Available Somali Telecom Group
9 SomNet[143][144] GSM-900
LTE		 Not Yet Available SomNet Telecom

South Africa

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 99.6% over a population estimate of 49 million.[145]

The telecom regulator in South Africa is Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom
LTE

5G 3500 MHz
WiMAX

39.433[146] (August 2020) Vodacom (65.1%)
2 MTN
LTE

5G 3500 MHz

29.028[147] (August 2020) MTN Group
3 Cell C
DC-HSPA+
1800/2100 MHz LTE, LTE-A
 14.407[148] (Mar 2020)
Oger Telecom in process
of diluting it's 70% stake to 27%

Blue Label Telecoms is planning to acquire a 30% stake in Cell C[149]

4
Telkom
HSPA+

2300 MHz LTE

4.0[150] (March 2017) Telkom
5 Rain 1800 MHz LTE

5G 3500 MHz

Rain (formerly Wireless Business Solutions) 80%

ARC 20%

South Sudan

The country has 1 million subscribers in total, or an 8% penetration rate.[151]

The telecom regulator in South Sudan is Ministry of Telecommunication and Postal Services (MOTPS).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN
HSDPA
 0.787[38] (Sep 2014) MTN Group
2 Zain
HSPA+
 0.664[9] (Sep 2014) Zain Group
3
Sudani
HSDPA
 Not Yet Available Sudatel[not operationally active]
4 Vivacell (NOW) GSM-900/1800  MHz Not Yet Available Fattouch Investment Group (75%), Wawat Securities (25%)[152]
5 Gemtel GSM-900/1800 MHz Not Yet Available Lap Green Networks (80%)

Sudan

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 42.3% over a population estimate of 45 million.[153]

The telecom regulator in Sudan is National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Zain
HSPA+, LTE
 11.095[9] (Sep 2014) Zain Group
2 MTN
HSDPA, LTE
 8.474[38] (Sep 2014) MTN Group (85%)
3
Sudani
HSUPA
 Not Yet Available Sudatel
4 Canar CdmaOne Not Yet Available Bank of Khartoum (100%)

Eswatini

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 49.55% over a population estimate of 1.37 million.[154]

The telecom regulator in Swaziland is Swaziland Communications Commission (SCCom).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN
HSDPA

LTE

0.928 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN Group (30%)
2 Eswatini Mobile LTE Not Yet Available

Syrian Arab Republic

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 46.6% over a population estimate of 22.5 million.[155]

The telecom regulator in Syrian Arab Republic is Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN
(formerly Areeba)
HSDPA, LTE
 5.676 (Sep 2014)[38] MTN Group (39%)
2 Syriatel
HSPA+, LTE
 7.1 [156] (Aug 2014) Rami Makhlouf

Tanzania (United Republic of)

In March 2020 the penetration rate was estimated at 86% [157] over a population estimate of 51 million.

The telecom regulator in Tanzania is Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Vodacom
HSPA+

LTE

15.59 [157] (March 2020) Vodacom (75%)
2 Airtel
(formerly Zain)
HSPA+

LTE

13.39 [157] (March 2020) Bharti Airtel

(51%)

3 Tigo
DC-HSPA+
LTE
 12.64 [157] (March 2020) MIC
4 Halotel GSM
UMTS

LTE

5.5 Viettel Tanzania Limited (Subsidiary of Viettel Group[158][159])
5
Zantel
HSPA+
 0.93 [157] (March 2020)
Etisalat (51%) and Zanzibar Telecom Ltd

Togo

In June 2014 the penetration rate was estimated at 60.7% over a population estimate of 7.2 million.[160]

The telecom regulator in Togo is Autorité de Règlementation des secteurs de Postes et de Télécommunications (ARTP).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Togocel
HSPA+
 2.751 (Q4 2014) [citation needed] Togo Telecom (state owned)
2 Moov Africa Togo
EDGE
)		 1.648 (Q4 2014) [citation needed] Maroc Telecom

Tunisia

The country has 14.7 million subscribers in total, or about 125.6% penetration rate.[161] (Q3 2017)

The telecom regulator in Tunisia is Instance Nationale des Télécommunications (INT).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Ooredoo
(formerly Tunisiana)
DC-HSPA+

LTE

8,836,544 [161] (Q3 2017) Ooredoo (75%)
2 Tunisie Telecom
DC-HSPA+

LTE

4,462,998 [161] (Q3 2017) Tunisie Télécom Group (65%),
Tecom DIG (35%) [162]
3 Orange
DC-HSPA+

LTE

3,907,791 [161] (Q3 2017) Orange S.A., Divona

Turkey

Further information: List of Turkey mobile virtual network operators

Turkey has 91.3 million subscribers in total, or a 107.1% penetration rate.[163] (Q2 2023)

The telecom regulator in Turkey is Information and Communication Technologies Authority (BTK : Bilgi Teknolojileri ve Iletisim Kurumu).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Turkcell
VoWiFi
5G
(testing)		 37.64 (Q2 2023)[163] Turkey Wealth Fund (26.2%), LetterOne (19.8%), free float (54%)
2 Vodafone
(Formerly Telsim)
VoWiFi
5G
(testing)		 24.890 (Q3 2024)[163] Vodafone Group plc
3 Türk Telekom
(Formerly Avea, Aria, Aycell)
VoWiFi
5G
(testing)		 25.61 (Q2 2023)[163] Türk Telekom

Uganda

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 30.78% over a population estimate of 34.6 million.[164]

The telecom regulator in Uganda is Uganda Communications Commission (UCC).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN Uganda
TD-LTE
WiMAX
 10.181[38] (September 2014) MTN Group (96%)
2 Airtel Uganda
HSPA+
 4.6 [165] (April 2013) Bharti Airtel
3 UTel
HSDPA
 1.0 (July 2016) Uganda Telecommunications Corporation Limited
4 Smile Telecom (Uganda)
5 Lycamobile

United Arab Emirates

As of June 2023, the total number of active mobile subscriptions was 20.3 million.[166]

The telecom regulator in United Arab Emirates is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority الهيئة العامة لتنظيم قطاع الاتصالات (TRA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
Etisalat
DC-HSPA+
800/1800/2100/2600/3500 MHz LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR
 10.8[167] (July 2019) UAE Federal Government (40%) and public shareholders (60%)
2
du
DC-HSPA+
800/1800/2100/2600/3500 MHz LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR
 7.9[168] (2022) UAE Federal Government (39.5%),
Mubadala Development Company
(19.75%), TECOM Investments (19.5%), and public shareholders (21.25%)

Yemen

In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 38.4% over a population estimate of 24.1 million.[169] Because of unreliable coverage of mobile services in certain areas, particularly in rural areas, it is common for Yemenis to utilize a phone with Dual SIM capability.

The telecom regulator in Yemen is the Public Telecommunication Corporation.

Rank Operator Mobile Prefix Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 Yemen Mobile +967-77
FDD: Bands 3, 20, 28 (700/800/1800 MHz)[170]
 9.5 (2021)[171] Government-run company with shareholders.
2 Sabafon +967-71 GSM 900 MHz 6 (2021)[172] Al-Ahmar Group
Hayel Saeed Anam & Co. Ltd.

Consolidated Constructors International company S.A.L. (CCC)
3 YOU
(formerly Spacetel, MTN)		 +967-73 GSM 900 MHz 4.7 (2021)[173] Emerald International Investment, a subsidiary of the Zubair Corporation [174]
4 Y Telecom (formerly HiTS-UNITEL) +967-70 GSM 900 MHz Unknown Formerly, owned by Saudi and Kuwaiti corporations. Currently owned by the family of Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi[175]

Zambia

In December 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 62% over a population estimate of 13.9 million.[176]

The telecom regulator in Zambia is Zambia Information & Communications Technology Authority (ZICTA).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1 MTN
DC-HSPA+

LTE

4.447[38] (Sep 2014) MTN Group
2 Airtel
HSPA+

LTE

4.04[177] (May 2014) Bharti Airtel (78.88%)
3 Zamtel
HSPA+
 1.2 (Dec 2011)[citation needed] Zambia Telecommunications Company Ltd

Zimbabwe

In December 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 74.7% to 9.037 million subscribers.[178]

The telecom regulator in Zimbabwe is Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (POTRAZ).

Rank Operator Technology Subscribers
(in millions)		 Ownership
1
Econet
LTE
WiMAX
 5.686[179] (February 2012)
Econet Wireless (Private) Limited
2 telecel
HSDPA
 1.875 [179] (February 2012)
VimpelCom Ltd
(60%)
3 NetOne
HSDPA
1800 MHz LTE
 1.456[179] (February 2012) NetOne Cellular (Pvt) Ltd (government)

See also

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