Lyari River
| Lyari | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Location | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| State | Sindh |
| City | Karachi |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Rain catchment area |
| • location | Sindh |
| Mouth | |
• location | Karachi |
• elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Length | 50 km (31 mi)approx. |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Arabian Seaapprox. |
Lyari River (
ephemeral stream that flows through the Pakistani megacity of Karachi from north east to the center and drains into the Arabian Sea at the Manora channel.[1] It is one of the two rivers of Karachi, the other one being Malir River. The river is about 50 kilometres (30 miles) long. As a seasonal river it carries the collected water after the rains in the catchment area.[2]
History
After arrival of the British 1839 and the development of Karachi the river was the natural border of the initial settlement. The river was described as maintaining a water flow merely on approximately five days annually, remaining desiccated on the remaining 360 days, resembling nothing more than a sandy expanse.[3]
Until the 1970s, the river held
.Redevelopments along the river
With many
squatter settlements groomed in the river's surroundings, the occasional floods started causing human and property loss. Especially, after the havoc caused by the torrential rains in 1977, need was realised to build flood barriers along the river. In 1986, a proposal was made to build an expressway through the city that would run along the riverbanks of Lyari. The plan was abandoned because an estimated 100,000 people would have to be relocated.[5]
However, the flood incidents continued in the 1990s.
Lyari Expressway
The project comprises a 16.5 kilometre (10¼ mile) stretch of elevated expressway running along both sides of the river, cutting through the city to
Hawk's Bay and Taiser Town, in the city's suburbs
.
Other developments and extensions
Apart from the eviction and resettlement of Lyari Expressway, redevelopment plans have also been carried out under the Lyari River Development Scheme
Pollution
The river is the main contributor to an estimated amount of 200
See also
- Green turtle
- Lyari
- Lyari Town
- Lyari Development Authority
- Lyari Expressway Resettlement Project
- Lyari Expressway
- Malir River
- Gujjar Nala
- Karachi
References
- ^ Rivers of Sindh
- ^ S Nazneen and F Begum (1988) Hydrological studies of Lyari River. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 26-29.
- ISSN 0035-9114. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
- ^ R Asif (2002), Lyari Expressway: woes of displaced families. Dawn (newspaper). 8 August. Retrieved on 10 January, 2008
- ^ Z Mustafa (2006), "Lyari Expressway: Boon or Bane", Dawn (newspaper). 8 March 2006. Retrieved on 10 January, 2008
- ^ A Hasan (2005), The political and institutional blockages to good governance: The case of the Lyari expressway in Karachi, Environment and Urbanization, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp.127-141
- NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi.
- ^ D E Dowall (1991), The Karachi Development Authority: Failing to Get the Prices Right. Land Economics, Vol. 67, No. 4, pp. 462-471
- ^ Lyari Expressway in Pakistan: Violence and Evictions. Urban Resource Centre.
- ^ N Burt (1997), Environmental Assessment and Protection of Karachi Harbour
- ISBN 978-0-7923-4765-1
- ISBN 978-1-85383-146-1
- ^ M Beg, N Mahmood, S Naeem, and A Yousufzai (1984) Land-based pollution and the marine environment of Karachi coast. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.199-205.
- ^ S Saifullah and M Moazzam (1978) Species Composition and Seasonal Occurrence of Centric Diatoms in a Polluted Marine Environment. Pakistan Journal of Botany Vol 10, No 1, p 53-64, June.
- ^ A Hasan and S I Ahmad (2006), Some Observations on Birds and Marine Mammals of Karachi Coast. Zoological Survey of Pakistan, 17. pp. 15-20
External links
- IUCNP - Biodiversity of Pakistan
- Pakistan Fisherfolk Forum on Marine pollution