Maris Piper

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Maris Piper
H.W. Howard
OriginPlant Breeding Institute, Trumpington, Cambridgeshire, Britain 1956

Maris Piper is the most widely grown

mashed potatoes
.

Breeding

The Maris Building in Trumpington where Maris Piper was developed
The leaves of Maris Piper
A side view of a crop of Maris Piper in flower

Attempts to find resistance to the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis in wild potatoes began in 1941, when Conrad Ellenby started testing over 60 species held in the Commonwealth Potato Collection, finding that few were resistant or suitable to breed with cultivated potatoes. In a letter to Nature in 1952, Ellenby reported that by 1948 he had found four types that were resistant and could be crossed with contemporary varieties.[1] All four were the species Solanum tuberosum andigena, and one of these, CPC 1673, was the source of nematode resistance in Maris Piper. Although resistant to PCN, the wild potato produced very small tubers in the UK climate.[2]

Led by

Queen's Award for Technology in 1982 for breeding Maris Piper.[9][10]

The first part of the variety's name came from Maris Lane in Trumpington where the Plant Breeding Institute was located.[11] By convention, the breeder got to choose the second name, with Piper chosen arbitrarily by Howard's son, although earlier, he had proposed calling it Maris Pard.[12][13] It should not be confused with Maris Peer, another variety of potato.

Usage

The variety was the most popular in the UK by 1980, accounting for 24 % of the British potato crop in 1982,[2] 20 % in 2005[14] and 16 % in 2014.[15] It became popular due to both its resistance to nematodes and its pleasing taste for consumers.[16]

Maris Piper has a fluffy texture and is considered an "all-rounder" potato.[17] It is widely used to make

reducing sugars.[19] As well as being sold fresh, the variety is also suitable for processing into frozen or dehydrated products.[2]

It has been recommended by chefs

mashed potatoes.[23]

Traits

Maris Piper is one of the most susceptible potato varieties to being eaten by slugs,[24] and also the bacterial disease common scab, which causes corky lesions to form on the skin. Common scab is controlled by irrigating crops just as the potatoes begin to form, requiring "perfect timing and perfect irrigation".[25]

Maris Piper was one of the first varieties with resistance to G. rostochiensis, with the H1 gene giving complete resistance to UK strains.[26] The widespread growth of Maris Piper led to the closely related G. pallida (to which Maris Piper has no resistance) becoming the main potato cyst nematode in the UK.[27] When nematodes feed on the roots, the H1 gene results in the potato roots dying, preventing the nematodes from feeding and making it likely they die or turn into males.

gene-for-gene relationship.[29]

References

  1. PMID 13013294
    .
  2. ^ a b c d Elaine Williams (1982-04-30). "Cambridge applies itself to a potato pest". The Financial Times.
  3. ^ "Maris Piper". AHDB Potatoes. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  4. ^ John Marshall. "Donald McKelvie" (PDF). Arran Civic Trust. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  5. ^ Pádraic Óg Gallagher. "Potato Breeding in Ireland". Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  6. ^ "Spud Sunday: A Potato By Any Other Name". The Daily Spud. 2013-06-02. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  7. ^ "Breeding Maris Piper". Maris Piper Fifty. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  8. ISBN 978-90-8686-011-1
    .
  9. ISBN 978-0-7084-0459-1
    .
  10. ^ Plant Breeding Institute (Cambridge, England) (1980). Annual Report - Plant Breeding Institute. Plant Breeding Institute.
  11. ^
    ISBN 978-0-19-964024-9
    .
  12. ISBN 978-0-19-960111-0
    .
  13. ^ "How Maris Piper got its name". Maris Piper Fifty. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  14. ISBN 978-0-08-052505-1
    .
  15. ^ David Jones (2014-09-02). "Maris Piper makes a rebound in potato plantings -". Farmers Weekly. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  16. ISBN 978-954-642-324-5
    .
  17. ^ "Maris Piper Potatoes Information". Love Potatoes. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  18. ISBN 978-0-7475-8409-4
    .
  19. ISBN 978-1-84569-488-3
    .
  20. ^ Heston Blumenthal (2013-11-17). "Triple-cooked chips". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on March 18, 2015. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  21. ^ Xanthe Clay (2011-02-11). "National chip week: Three steps to a hip chip". Telegraph. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  22. ISBN 978-0-7475-8409-4
    .
  23. ^ Claire Wrathall (1995-08-17). "Top of the crops". The Financial Times.
  24. ISBN 978-94-011-2380-8
    .
  25. ^ Heather Briggs (2015-06-01). "Optimising irrigation for potato scab control". FG Insight. Retrieved 2017-02-15.
  26. ^ Brian Kerry; Andy Barker; Ken Evans. Investigation of potato cyst nematode control (Report). DEFRA. p. 12.
  27. ^ "Getting to the root of a wormy problem". The Financial Times. 1995-08-17.
  28. S2CID 20896516
    .
  29. PMID 14527330
    .
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