Marko Kropyvnytskyi
Marko Kropyvnytskyi Марко Кропивницький | |
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theatre actor and director | |
Language | Ukrainian |
Nationality | Ukrainian |
Signature | |
Marko Lukych Kropyvnytskyi (
In 1875, he was invited by Theophilia Romanovich to the theatrical society "Ruska Besida", and is attributed to be one of the founders of the first professional Ukrainian theatre, The
Early years
Marko Lukych Kropyvnytskyi was born on 7 May 1840 in Bezhbayraky village (now Kropyvnytske), in what was then Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire, into the family of nobleman Luka Ivanovych and Kapitolina Ivanivna (née Dubrovynska) Kropyvnytskyi.[4]
Early career
In 1862 as an
In 1871, Kropyvnytskyi joined the troupe of professional actors, and agreed to work in the company of Count Morkov, in
In 1872 the Odessa newspaper "Novorossiysk Telegraph" published two musical comedies by Kropyvnytskyi: Reconciled and God will protect an orphan, or Unexpected Proposal.
In 1875, Kropyvnytskyi went on tour in Galicia, where he worked as an actor and director of the theatre company "Ruthenian talk"; he has made some effort to change the repertoire and artistic style of the theatre in bringing it to the realism and national character.
Creating the Coryphee Theatre
In 1881, the ban on Ukrainian theatre was abolished. Though there still were many limitations and restrictions, Ukrainian troupes emerged in Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Odessa. Yet, these troupes did not satisfy Kropyvnytskyi, who sought for dramatic changes in scenic art. In 1882, he organised his own company which, after around a year, merged with the Mykhailo Starytsky troupe, and Marko Kropyvnytskyi became a leading director there. A new era in the history of Ukrainian professional theatre began. Many famous actors played in Kropyvnytskyi's troupe, such as Maria Zankovetska, Mykola Sadovsky, later M.Sadovska-Barilotti, Panas Saksahansky, and Ivan Karpenko-Kary.
In his early days, Kropyvnytskyi wrote mainly comedy pieces: Reconciled (1869), God will protect an orphan, or Unexpected Proposal (1871), Actor Sinitsa (1871), A revision (1882), Mustache (1885) and others.
Later period
In 1890s, Kropyvnytskyi called his pieces "pictures" on multiple occasions, such as his "pictures of rural movement" ("Konon Blyskavychenko", 1902, "Tough Day", 1906), "pictures of rural life" ("Old bitch and young shoots», 1908) etc.
Even in his later years, forced by worsening health to settle in a farm House, Kropyvnytskyi often travelled to participate in theatre performances, he continued writing plays. Kropyvnytskyi bothered for organization of a school for farmers and their children, created two plays for children, using folk motifs (Ivasik-Telesyk, On the wave of the wand), and worked on its staging at the farm.
Kropyvnytskyi died on 21 April 1910 on his way from Odessa, where he was on tour. He was buried in Kharkiv.
Legacy
In July 2016 the city of Kirovohrad was renamed Kropyvnytskyi in his honour.[5][6][7][8]
In 2008 Marko's grandson, Ihor Kropyvnytskyi said the following, "Created by Marko Kropyvnytskyi under conditions of a brutal national oppression, the professional theatre was one of main sources of cultural revival of the yoked nation during many years, particularly considering that many of our compatriots were illiterate at that time and were not able to read wonderful poetry and stories of Taras Shevchenko, Marko Vovchok, Ivan Franko and other Ukrainian writers. The Marko Kropyvnytskyi Theatre gave not only an extraordinary push for further development of Ukrainian culture, but also played a prominent socio-political role in the life of Ukrainians, became one of important spiritual foundations on which many decades later was built independent Ukrainian state".
About Kropyvnytskyi, Maksym Rylsky wrote the following, "Let's lower our foreheads: a genius was here, for people he worked and was tormented, so that the people would be treated just, so that the land would be green in garden's bloom" (Ukrainian: Схилим чоло: тут віяв геній, Народу син творив тут і страждав, Щоб для народу домогтися прав, Щоб на землі сади цвіли зелені...).[2]
See also
References
- ^ Today is the birthday of the founder of Ukrainian Theatre Marko Kropyvnytskyi (Сьогодні – День народження фундатора українського театру Марка Кропивницького). Newspaper "Den". 7 May 2013
- ^ a b Kropyvnytskyi, I. Ukrainian Shakespeare (Український Шекспір). Newspaper "Den". 20 May 2010.
- ^ Revutsky, V. Marko Kropyvnytsky. Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- ^ Shepel, L.F., Gruzin, D.V. Marko Kropyvnytskyi. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine
- UNIAN(14 July 2016)
- Ukrayinska Pravda(31 March 2016)
- Ukrayinska Pravda(14 July 2016)
- ^ "Офіційний портал Верховної Ради України". Retrieved 20 July 2016.
External links
- Revutsky, V. Marko Kropyvnytsky. Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- Kropyvnytskyi, I. Father of the Ukrainian Theatre (Батько українського театру). Newspaper "Den". 22 May 2008.
- Kropyvnytskyi, I. A concert in the middle of the steppe (Концерт серед степу). Newspaper "Den". 15 January 2009.
- Kropyvnytskyi, I. Ukrainian Shakespeare (Український Шекспір). Newspaper "Den". 20 May 2010.
- Mushtenko, S. Time of coryphées (Час корифеїв). Newspaper "Den". 14 December 2007.
- Works by or about Marko Kropyvnytskyi at Internet Archive