Kherson Governorate
Kherson Governorate
Херсонская губерния | |
---|---|
Country | Russian Empire |
Established | 1803 |
Abolished | 1920 |
Capital | Kherson |
Area | |
• Total | 71,936 km2 (27,775 sq mi) |
Population (1897) | |
• Total | 2,733,612 |
• Density | 38/km2 (98/sq mi) |
• Urban | 28.86% |
• Rural | 71.14% |
Kherson Governorate,
The economy of the governorate was mainly based on agriculture. During the grain harvest, thousands of agricultural laborers from the parts of the Empire found work in the area. The industrial part of the economy, consisting primarily of flour milling, distilling, metalworking industry, iron mining, beet-sugar processing, and brick industry, was underdeveloped.
Administrative divisions
The governorate bordered Bessarabia Governorate to the west, with Kiev and Poltava Governorates to the north, to the east could be found Yekaterinoslav Governorate, and in the southward direction was located Taurida Governorate.
From 1809, the governorate consisted of five
In 1920, while being under the
County | Capital | Arms of capital | Area | Population ( 1897 census )
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transliteration name | Russian Cyrillic | ||||
Aleksandriysky |
Александрійскій | Aleksandriya | 11,165 km2 (4,311 sq mi) |
327,199 | |
Ananyevsky |
Ананьевскій | Ananev | 10,289.2 km2 (3,972.7 sq mi) |
187,226 | |
Yelisavetgradsky | Елисаветградскій | Yelisavetgrad | 15,866.8 km2 (6,126.2 sq mi) |
507,660 | |
Odessky | Одесскій | Odessa | 10,552.1 km2 (4,074.2 sq mi) |
532,729 | |
Tiraspolsky | Тираспольскій | Tiraspol | 7,228.9 km2 (2,791.1 sq mi) |
206,568 | |
Khersonsky | Херсонскій | Kherson | 19,553 km2 (7,549 sq mi) |
532,956 | |
Nikolayev War Governorate | Николаевское воѣнное губернаторство | Nikolayev | 197.3 km2 (76.2 sq mi) |
92,000 |
Principal cities
- From the Russian Census of 1897
- Odessa– 403,815 (Russian – 198,233, Jewish – 124,511, Ukrainian – 37,925)
- Nikolayev – 92,012 (Russian – 61,023, Jewish – 17,949, Ukrainian – 7,780)
- Yelizavetgrad – 61,488 (Jewish – 23,256, Russian – 21,301, Ukrainian – 14,523)
- Kherson – 59,076 (Russian – 27,902, Jewish – 17,162, Ukrainian – 11,591)
- Tiraspol – 31,616 (Russian – 14,013, Jewish – 8,568, Ukrainian – 3,708)
- Ananiv – 16,684 (Ukrainian – 7,205, Romanian – 4,174, Jewish – 3,514)
- Voznesensk – 15,748 (Jewish – 5,879, Ukrainian – 5,644, Russian – 2,583)
- Bobrinets– 14,281 (Ukrainian – 9,529, Jewish – 3,464, Russian – 837)
- Aleksandriya – 14,007 (Ukrainian – 7,658, Jewish – 3,687, Russian – 2,364)
- Beryslav – 12,149 (Ukrainian – 8,852, Jewish – 2,639, Russian – 524)
- Dubossary– 12,089 (Jewish – 5,326, Romanian – 3,383, Ukrainian – 2,841)
- Novogeorgiyevsk– 11,594 (Russian – 6,631, Ukrainian – 3,372, Jewish – 1,424)
- Ochakov– 10,786 (Ukrainian – 5,204, Russian – 3,508, Jewish – 1,430)
- Novomirgorod– 9,364 (Russian – 7,025, Jewish – 1,617, Ukrainian – 572)
- Grigoriopol – 7,605 (Romanian – 3,740, Russian – 1,832, Jewish – 832)
- Olviopol– 6,884 (Ukrainian – 5,022, Jewish – 1,480, Russian – 271)
- Ovidiopol – 5,187 (Ukrainian – 2,785, Russian – 1,997, Jewish – 387)
- Maiaky – 4,575 (Russian – 2,865, Ukrainian – 944, Jewish – 644)
Demographics
Until 1858, a third of the population (military settlers, admiralty settlements, foreign colonists, etc.) was subject to martial law. The gubernia had a population of about 245,000 in 1812; 893,000 in 1851; 1,330,000 in 1863; 2,027,000 in 1885; 2,733,600 in
. In 1914, Ukrainians composed only 53% of the population, while Russians made up 22% and Jews – 12%. Urban dwellers made up 10 to 20 percent of the population until the 1850s, after which the proportion of urban dwellers increased, to about 30% in 1897. Migration within the Russian Empire mainly accounted for the area's population growth, with 46% of the population born outside of the governorate in 1897.Russian Empire Census
According to the
Language | Native speakers | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Little Russian[c] | 1,462,039 | 53.48 |
Great Russian[c] | 575,375 | 21.05 |
Jewish | 322,537 | 11.80 |
Romanian | 147,218 | 5.39 |
German | 123,453 | 4.52 |
Polish | 30,894 | 1.13 |
Bulgarian | 25,685 | 0.94 |
White Russian[c] | 22,958 | 0.84 |
Greek | 8,257 | 0.30 |
Tatar | 3,152 | 0.12 |
Armenian | 2,070 | 0.08 |
Roma | 1,671 | 0.06 |
French | 1,353 | 0.05 |
Czech | 1,351 | 0.05 |
Italian | 834 | 0.03 |
Swedish | 662 | 0.02 |
Latvian | 619 | 0.02 |
Turkish | 508 | 0.02 |
Lithuanian | 478 | 0.01 |
English | 475 | 0.01 |
Estonian | 303 | 0.01 |
Georgian | 201 | 0.01 |
Mordavian | 170 | 0.01 |
Other languages | 919 | 0.03 |
TOTAL | 2,733,612 | 100.00 |
Faith | Male | Female | Both | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Percentage | |||
Eastern Orthodox | 1,123,860 | 1,067,219 | 2,191,079 | 80.15 |
Judaism | 168,425 | 171,485 | 339,910 | 12.43 |
Roman Catholic | 53,140 | 42,087 | 95,227 | 3.48 |
Lutheran | 29,229 | 27,328 | 56,557 | 2.07 |
Old Believer | 13,923 | 14,131 | 28,054 | 1.03 |
Baptist | 2,719 | 2,696 | 5,415 | 0.20 |
Mennonite | 2,734 | 2,652 | 5,386 | 0.20 |
Reformed |
2,507 | 2,503 | 5,010 | 0.18 |
Muslim | 1,964 | 403 | 2,367 | 0.09 |
Armenian Apostolic | 1,307 | 905 | 2,212 | 0.08 |
Karaite | 954 | 1,054 | 2,008 | 0.07 |
Anglican | 80 | 83 | 163 | 0.01 |
Armenian Catholic | 59 | 19 | 78 | 0.00 |
Buddhist | 13 | 11 | 24 | 0.00 |
Other Christian denomination | 64 | 55 | 119 | 0.00 |
Other non-Christian denomination | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0.00 |
Total | 1,400,981 | 1,332,631 | 2,733,612 | 100.00 |
Notes
- ^
- Russian: Херсо́нская губе́рния, pre-1918: Херсо́нская губе́рнія, romanized: Khersónskaya gubérniya
- Ukrainian: Херсо́нська губе́рнія, romanized: Khersónsʼka hubérniia
- ^
- ^ a b c d Prior to 1918, the Imperial Russian Government classified Russians as the Great Russians, Ukrainians as the Little Russians, and Belarusians as the White Russians. After the creation of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918, the Little Russians identified themselves as "Ukrainian".[2] Also, the Belarusian Democratic Republic which the White Russians identified themselves as "Belarusian".[3]
References and notes
- ^ a b "Demoscope Weekly – Annex. Statistical indicators reference". www.demoscape.ru. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ISBN 978-1-4008-5151-5.
- ISBN 978-1-4443-5968-8.
- ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
External links
- Kherson Guberniya – Article in Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary (in Russian)
- Kherson Guberniya – Historical coat of arms (in Ukrainian and English)
- Kherson gubernia – Article in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- From Kherson Governorate to Kherson Oblast. Kherson regional universal science library of Oles Honchar.