Mayor of Manila
Mayor of Manila | |
---|---|
popular vote | |
Term length | 3 years, not eligible for re-election immediately after three consecutive terms |
Inaugural holder | Arsenio Cruz Herrera |
Formation | 1901 |
Website | Lungsod ng Maynila |
The city mayor of Manila (
History
Prior to the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi, Manila was a chiefdom headed by datus. From the defeat of Rajah Sulayman's forces in 1575 to the passage of the Maura Law in 1895, the chief executive of the city was appointed by the Spanish government to a person of Spanish descent. The highest position a Filipino was able to hold was the cabeza de barangay. With the passage of the Maura Law, the office of capitan municipal was established, with the people electing their own town heads, although the Spanish retained considerable influence and could veto decisions.
With the eruption of the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American War, the position reverted to an appointive head. With the advent of World War II, President Manuel L. Quezon appointed Jorge B. Vargas as mayor of the City of Greater Manila (forerunner of Metro Manila) in 1941. With the liberation of Manila in 1945 by combined Filipino and American soldiers under the United States Army and the Philippine Commonwealth Army including local recognized guerrillas against the Japanese Imperial forces, the earlier setup was used once again.
With the amendment of the city's charter in 1951, the position became an elective post. The first mayoral election was in 1951, and Manila's congressman from the 2nd district Arsenio Lacson defeated incumbent Manuel de la Fuente. A few years after the declaration of martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos, Manila and nearby cities like Quezon City, Caloocan, and Pasay, were overshadowed by the office of the governor of the newly created Metro Manila, whom Marcos appointed his wife, Imelda Marcos, to the position.
With Arsenio Lacson becoming the first elected mayor, the city of Manila underwent The Golden Age,[1] was revitalized, and once again became the "Pearl of the Orient", a moniker it earned before the outbreak of the war.[citation needed] After Mayor Lacson's term in the 1950s, the city was led by Mayor Antonio Villegas during most of the 1960s, and Mayor Ramon Bagatsing for nearly the entire decade of the 1970s until the 1986 People Power Revolution that overthrew President Marcos.
Mayors Lacson, Villegas, and Bagatsing are often collectively considered as "the Big Three of Manila" for their rather long tenures as the city hall's chief executive (continuously for over three decades, from 1952 to 1986), but more importantly, for their indelible contribution to the development and progress of the city and their lasting legacy in uplifting the quality of life and welfare of the people of Manila.
With the ouster of Marcos following the People Power Revolution, President
The office of the mayor is often used as a springboard for further political ambitions. In 1961, Lacson bolted the
The longest-serving mayor of Manila is Ramon Bagatsing, who continuously served as the city's chief executive from 1971 until 1986. His tenure could have been longer if his term was not disrupted by the forced resignation of all local government unit heads and the appointment of officers in charge in their place after the 1986 revolution, to which Bagatsing fully supported and complied with, voluntarily handing over his position to OIC Mel Lopez.
List
No. | Name of mayor | Party | Term | Start of term | End of term | Name of Vice mayor | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Appointive position (1901–1951) | ||||||||
1 | Arsenio Cruz Herrera | Federalist
|
N/A | August 7, 1901 | September 18, 1905[a] | Ramón Fernández | ||
2 | Félix Roxas | Federalist |
September 19, 1905 | January 15, 1917 | ||||
Justo Lukban | ||||||||
Pablo Ocampo | ||||||||
3 | Justo Lukban | Liga Popular | January 16, 1917 | March 6, 1920[a] | ||||
4 | Ramón Fernández | Democrata | March 7, 1920 | July 16, 1923[a] | Juan Posadas, Jr. | |||
5 | Eulogio A. Rodriguez Sr. | Democrata | July 17, 1923 | February 8, 1924[a] | ||||
6 | Miguel Romuáldez | Nacionalista | February 9, 1924 | August 31, 1927 | ||||
7 | Tomás Earnshaw | Nacionalista | September 1, 1927 | December 31, 1933 | ||||
Isabelo de los Reyes | ||||||||
Jorge B. Vargas | ||||||||
8 | Juan Posadas, Jr. | Nacionalista | January 1, 1934 | January 4, 1940[b] | ||||
(5) | Eulogio A. Rodriguez Sr. | Nacionalista | January 5, 1940 | August 28, 1941 | Carmen Planas | |||
9 | Juan G. Nolasco | Nacionalista | August 29, 1941 | December 23, 1941 | Hermenegildo Atienza | |||
10 | Jorge B. Vargas | KALIBAPI | December 24, 1941 | January 26, 1942 | ||||
11 | Leon Guinto , Sr.
|
KALIBAPI | January 27, 1942 | July 17, 1944 | ||||
12 | Hermenegildo Atienza | KALIBAPI | July 18, 1944 | July 18, 1945 | Carmen Planas | |||
(9) | Juan G. Nolasco | Nacionalista | July 19, 1945 | June 6, 1946 | ||||
13 | Valeriano E. Fugoso, Sr. | Liberal | June 7, 1946 | December 31, 1947 | ||||
14 | Manuel de la Fuente | Liberal | January 1, 1948 | December 31, 1951 | ||||
Carmen Planas | ||||||||
Iñigo Ed. Regalado | ||||||||
Elective position (1952–present) | ||||||||
15 | Arsenio Lacson, Sr. | Nacionalista | 1951 | January 1, 1952 | April 15, 1962[b] | Jesus Marcos Roces | ||
1955 | ||||||||
1959 | Antonio Villegas | |||||||
16 | Antonio Villegas | Liberal | April 16, 1962 | December 31, 1971 | Herminio A. Astorga | |||
1963 | ||||||||
1967 | Felicisimo Cabigao | |||||||
Atty. Ernesto Maceda, Sr. | ||||||||
Atty. Danilo B. Lacuna, Sr. | ||||||||
Atty. Mel Lopez | ||||||||
17 | Ramon Bagatsing | Liberal | 1971 | January 1, 1972 | March 26, 1986[c] | |||
Martin B. Isidro, Sr. | ||||||||
KBL | 1980 | James Barbers | ||||||
– | Mel Lopez[d] | UNIDO | March 26, 1986 | December 1, 1987 | Bambi M. Ocampo | |||
PDP–Laban
|
Ernesto A. Nieva | |||||||
N/A | Gregorio Ejercito | |||||||
– | Gregorio Ejercito[d] | N/A | December 2, 1987 | February 2, 1988 | Ernesto A. Nieva | |||
18 | Mel Lopez | PDP–Laban
|
1988 | February 3, 1988 | June 30, 1992 | Danilo Lacuna | ||
LDP | ||||||||
Lakas
|
Ernesto Maceda, Jr. | |||||||
19 | Alfredo Lim | PRP | 1992 | June 30, 1992 | March 27, 1998[a] | Lito Atienza | ||
Liberal | 1995 | |||||||
20 | Lito Atienza | Liberal | March 27, 1998 | June 30, 2007 | Ernesto Nieva | |||
Larry Silva | ||||||||
1998 | Danilo Lacuna | |||||||
2001 | ||||||||
2004 | ||||||||
Lakas | ||||||||
(19) | Alfredo Lim | PMP | 2007 | June 30, 2007 | June 30, 2013 | Isko Moreno | ||
Liberal | 2010 | |||||||
21 | Joseph Estrada | UNA | 2013 | June 30, 2013 | June 30, 2019 | |||
PMP | 2016 | Honey Lacuna | ||||||
22 | Isko Moreno | Asenso Manileño | 2019 | June 30, 2019 | June 30, 2022 | |||
23 | Honey Lacuna | Asenso Manileño | 2022 | June 30, 2022 | Incumbent | Yul Servo Nieto
|
Elections
- 1951 Manila mayoral election
- 1955 Manila mayoral election
- 1959 Manila mayoral election
- 1963 Manila mayoral election
- 1967 Manila mayoral election
- 1971 Manila mayoral election
- 1980 Manila mayoral election
- 1988 Manila local elections
- 1992 Manila local elections
- 1995 Manila local elections
- 1998 Manila local elections
- 2001 Manila local elections
- 2004 Manila local elections
- 2007 Manila local elections
- 2010 Manila local elections
- 2013 Manila local elections
- 2016 Manila local elections
- 2019 Manila local elections
- 2022 Manila local elections
- 2025 Manila local elections
Vice mayor
The vice mayor is the second-highest official of the city. The vice mayor is elected via popular vote; although most mayoral candidates have running mates, the vice mayor is elected separately from the mayor. This can result in the mayor and the vice mayor coming from different political parties.
The vice mayor is the presiding officer of the Manila City Council, although they can only vote as the tiebreaker. When a mayor is removed from office, the vice mayor becomes the mayor until the scheduled next election.
# | Name | Start of term | End of term |
---|---|---|---|
Appointive position (1901–1951) | |||
1 | Ramón Fernández | August 7, 1901 | August 7, 1911 |
2 | Justo Lukban | August 8, 1911 | August 8, 1915 |
3 | Pablo D. Ocampo | August 8, 1915 | March 6, 1920 |
4 | Juan Posadas, Jr. | March 7, 1920 | December 31, 1929 |
5 | Isabelo de los Reyes | January 1, 1930 | December 31, 1931 |
6 | Jorge B. Vargas | January 1, 1932 | January 4, 1940 |
7 | Carmen Planas | January 5, 1940 | August 28, 1941 |
8 | Hermenegildo Atienza | August 29, 1941 | July 17, 1944 |
(7) | Carmen Planas | July 18, 1944 | December 31, 1949 |
9 | Iñigo Ed. Regalado | January 1, 1950 | December 31, 1951 |
Elective position (1952–present) | |||
10 | Jesus M. R. Roces | January 1, 1952 | December 30, 1959 |
11 | Antonio J. Villegas | December 30, 1959 | April 15, 1962 |
12 | Herminio A. Astorga | April 16, 1962 | December 31, 1967 |
13 | Felicisimo R. Cabigao | January 1, 1968 | December 31, 1969 |
14 | Atty. Ernesto Maceda, Sr. | January 1, 1970 | August 31, 1970 |
15 | Atty. Danilo B. Lacuna, Sr. | September 1, 1970 | April 30, 1971 |
16 | Atty. Gemiliano C. López, Jr. | May 1, 1971 | December 31, 1971 |
17 | Atty. Martin B. Isidro, Sr. | January 1, 1972 | December 31, 1975 |
18 | James Z. Barbers | January 1, 1976 | March 26, 1986 |
19 | Bambi M. Ocampo | March 26, 1986 | April 27, 1987 |
20 | Ernesto A. Nieva | April 28, 1987 | September 30, 1987 |
21 | Gregorio Ejercito | October 1, 1987 | December 1, 1987 |
(20) | Ernesto A. Nieva | December 2, 1987 | February 2, 1988 |
(15) | Danilo B. Lacuna, Sr. | February 3, 1988 | January 31, 1992 |
22 | Ernesto V.P. Maceda, Jr. | February 1, 1992 | June 30, 1992 |
23 | José L. Atienza, Jr. | June 30, 1992 | March 27, 1998 |
(20) | Ernesto A. Nieva | March 27, 1998 | May 31, 1998 |
24 | Hilarion C. Silva | June 1, 1998 | June 30, 1998 |
(15) | Danilo B. Lacuna, Sr. | June 30, 1998 | June 30, 2007 |
25 | Isko Moreno Domagoso | June 30, 2007 | June 30, 2016 |
26 | Maria Sheilah Lacuna–Pangan | June 30, 2016 | June 30, 2022 |
27 | Yul Servo Nieto | June 30, 2022 | Incumbent |
See also
- Gobernadorcillo
- Cabeza de Barangay
- Legislative districts of Manila. representation in the House of Representatives
- Manila City Council
References
- ^ Hancock 2000, p. 16
- New York Times. April 16, 1962. p. 29. Retrieved February 2, 2008.
Mr. Lacson had returned to the Nacionalista party, now in opposition, and was considered likely to be its Presidential candidate in 1965
- ^ "Former Manila Mayor Alfredo Lim Dies". Rappler. August 8, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
- ^ Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (September 21, 2021). "Isko Moreno to Run for President in 2022; Formal Announcement Sept 22". Inquirer.net. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
- ^ Maru, Davinci (October 1, 2021). "Lito Atienza Files COC as Pacquiao's VP for 2022". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
Works cited
- Hancock, Rose (April 2000). "April Was a Cruel Month for the Greatest Manila Mayor Ever Had". 1898:The Shaping of Philippine History. 35. Vol. II. Manila: Asia Pacific Communications Network, Inc. pp. 15–20.