Mimusops laurifolia

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Mimusops laurifolia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Genus: Mimusops
Species:
M. laurifolia
Binomial name
Mimusops laurifolia
(Forssk.) Friis
Synonyms
  • Binectaria laurifolia Forssk.
  • Mimusops schimperi Hochst.

Mimusops laurifolia is a large evergreen tree, native to the Ethiopian Highlands and the highlands of southeastern Arabian Peninsula.[1]

Description

Mimusops laurifolia is an evergreen, broad-canopied tree, typically growing up to 15 metres tall, and up to 25 metres under optimal conditions.[2] The leaves are oval and leathery, and clustered towards the end of the twigs.[3] The fruit is an oval yellow berry about 35mm x 20mm.[2]

Distribution

In Africa, M. laurifolia is found in scattered sites in the northern and eastern

Olea europaea, as single large trees in evergreen or semi-evergreen bushland outside the forest, and in riparian forests or as isolated trees along intermittent streams.[4]

It also occurs in a few sites on the southwestern Arabian Peninsula – in stream valleys on the slopes of the Sarawat Mountains in northwestern Yemen and southwestern Saudi Arabia, and on Jabal Ureys and Jabal Gedu, coastal mountains along Yemen's southern coast. In Jabal Ureys and Jabal Gedu, M. laurifolia occurs in small enclaves of fog forest where the coastal mountains intercept moisture-bearing winds from the Arabian Sea.[1]

Uses

Egyptian gilded mummy mask from 100 BCE - 50 CE, carved from Mimusops laurifolia wood.

Local communities gather the edible fruit from wild trees, and occasionally use the timber for fuel, construction, and carpentry.[2] The wood is light brown to pale yellow.[3]

The tree was probably cultivated in ancient Egypt. Twigs and leaves have been found in tombs from the

18th Dynasty onwards. The wood was used for making statues, beds, tables, and other objects.[3]

Conservation status

M. laurifolia is extremely rare in Southwest Arabia. Its distribution is limited to humid sites, and it has suffered from habitat loss, overgrazing, and desertification. The population in the Sarawat mountains is limited to a few stream valleys (wadis). A dozen old trees were observed in Jabal Gedu, and only two trees in Jabal Ureys.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Kilian, Norbert, Peter Hein, and Mohamed Ali Hubaishan (2004). "Further Notes on the Flora of the Southern Coastal Mountains of Yemen". Willdenowia Bd. 34, H. 1 (Aug. 25, 2004), pp. 159-182.
  2. ^ a b c Tropical Plants Database, Ken Fern. tropical.theferns.info. 2020-04-26. [tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Mimusops+laurifolia]
  3. ^ a b c Nicholson, Paul T., and Ian Shaw (2000). Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology. Cambridge University Press, Mar 23, 2000.
  4. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0285-5_72
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