Modelling clay
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Modelling clay or modelling compound is any of a group of malleable substances used in building and sculpting. The material compositions and production processes vary considerably.[1]
Ceramic clay
Ceramic clays are water-based substances made from
produced by pottery clay manufacturers is a clay body to which a small percentage of processed cellulose fiber has been added. When kiln-fired, the paper burns out, leaving the clay body. Consequently, the firing temperatures and glazes selection should be the same on those used with the clay body.
Oil-based clay
Oil-based clays are made from combinations of
Unlike water, the oils do not
Oil-based clays are referred to by multiple of
- Plastilin (or Plasteline), which was patented in Germany by Franz Kolb in 1880, was developed by Claude Chavant in 1892 and trademarked in 1927.[3]
- Plasticine was invented in 1897 by William Harbutt of Bathampton, England.
- Plastilina is trademarked as Roma Plastilina by Sculpture House, Inc. According to their website, their formula is 100 years old. Roma Plastilina contains sulfur, and since certain moldmaking compounds do not set in sulfur's presence, making molds of items made of industrial plasticine is difficult.
Polymer clay
Polymer clay is a modelling material that cures when heated from 129 to 135 °C (265 to 275 °F) for 15 minutes per 6 millimetres (1⁄4 in) of thickness, and does not significantly shrink or change shape during the process. Despite being called "clay", it generally contains no clay minerals. Polymer clay is sold in craft, hobby, and art stores, and is used by artists, hobbyists, and children. Polymer clay is used in animation, since it allows static forms to be manipulated frame after frame. Leading brands of polymer clay include
Paper clay
Paper clay is handmade or commercially available clay to which a small percentage of processed cellulose fiber is added. The fiber increases the tensile strength of the dry clay and enables dry-to-dry and wet-to-dry joins. Commercial paper clays air-dry to a firm, lightweight sculpture, with minimal shrinking during the drying process.[4]
Paper clay can be used as an unfired body in craft and doll-making. It is used in ceramic art studios as sculptural and functional studio pottery.
See also
- Borax
- Clay (industrial plasticine)
- Clay#Uses
- Gypsum
- Industrial plasticine
- Paper clay
- Papier-mâché, rigid-setting construction material made of paper and a wet paste
- Plaster mold casting
- Plasticine
- Putty
- Salt dough, used for modelling (such as Play-Doh)
References
- ^ Putman, Brenda, (1939). The Sculptor’s Way: A Guide to Modelling and Sculpture. Farrar & Rinehart, Inc, New York, p. 8
- ISBN 978-0080993713. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ^ "Plasteline". sculpturetools.com. Archived from the original on August 20, 2008.
- ^ Hay, G. (2006). "A Paperclay Update". Ceramics Technical. pp. 39–40. Retrieved 23 March 2018.