Moisei Ginzburg

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Moisei Yakovlevich Ginzburg
Narkomfin Building
, 1929

Moisei Yakovlevich Ginzburg (

Narkomfin Building in Moscow.[1]

Biography

Education

Ginzburg (Ginsberg) was born in

Moscow State Technical University
).

Ideologist of Constructivism

The founder of the

Communist way of life. Its magazine SA (Sovremennaya Arkhitektura, or Contemporary Architecture) featured discussions of city planning and communal living, as well as the futuristic projects of Ivan Leonidov. The group was dissolved in the early 1930s into an 'All-Union Association of Architects', along with the competing Modernist group ASNOVA, led by Nikolai Ladovsky, and the proto-Stalinist VOPRA
.

Communal houses

Gosstrakh Apartments, Moscow (1926).
Apartment building Narkomfin, Moscow (1930).
The west side of the Narkomfin, Moscow (1930).

The first of these was the Gosstrakh apartments (Malaya Bronnaya Street, Moscow), designed in 1926, one of which was rented by Sergei Tretyakov: these flats were the first employment of Le Corbusier's 'Five Points of Modern Architecture' in the USSR. A similar structure was built to Ginzburg's 1928 design in Sverdlovsk (21, Malysheva Street, completed 1932).

This was followed three years later by the

Unité d'Habitation, while the layout of its duplex apartments have been copied by Moshe Safdie in his Expo 67 flats, as well as by Denys Lasdun
in his luxury flats at St James', London.

In 1928, Ginzburg also designed the Government Building in

CIAM
from 1928 to 1932.

Career in 1930s

Like other avant-garde artists with limited practical experience, Ginzburg fell out of favor in 1932, when the state took control of architectural profession and steered it in favor of

Leningrad practice, but left a contribution in Crimea
and Central Asia and retained his own architectural workshop until his death. His new books on Home (Жилище) and Industrializing housing construction (Индустриализация жилищного строительства) were printed in 1934 and 1937; since 1934, Ginzburg was the editor of an encyclopedic History of Architecture.

In the early 1930s, Ginzburg was involved in planning of Crimean Coast, designed a number of resort hotels and sanatoriums; only one of them was built in Kislovodsk (1935-1937). Ginzburg's workshop was also employed by the Ministry of Railways and designed a whole range of model stations for Central Asian and Siberian railroads. Their projects, publicized in the late 1930s, are not as bold as the 1920s avant-garde but are definitely modernist in appearance.

In the 1940s, Ginzburg produced the reconstruction plan for post-war Sevastopol (never materialized) and designed two resort buildings that were completed in Kislovodsk and Oreanda after his death.

Legacy

Isometric drawing of The Narkomfin building.

His most famous work, the Narkomfin Building, having been without maintenance for decades, was on UNESCO's endangered buildings list. Previous proposals to rebuild Dom Narkomfin into a hotel (designed by Ginzburg's grandson) were barred by legal uncertainty over the status of the site. As of 2019, Dom Narkomfin was under careful restoration to become once again a private residential complex. The goal was to restore the building as close to its original state as possible; restoration was completed in 2020.

Narkomfin has been the subject of Victor Buchli's study of Soviet material culture, Archaeology of Socialism (Berg, 2000), which traces the building's history from early

Utopianism
to the harshness of the Stalinist era, up to its ruined state in the 1990s.

See also

References

  1. doi:10.5334/ah.264
    .
  2. JSTOR 991377
    .

Sources

External links

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