Mount Papandayan

Coordinates: 7°19′S 107°44′E / 7.32°S 107.73°E / -7.32; 107.73
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Mount Papandayan
Highest point
Elevation2,665 m (8,743 ft) Edit this on Wikidata
ListingRibu
Coordinates7°19′S 107°44′E / 7.32°S 107.73°E / -7.32; 107.73
Geography
Mount Papandayan is located in Java
Mount Papandayan
Mount Papandayan
Garut, West Java, Indonesia
Geology
Mountain typeStratovolcanoes
Last eruptionNovember to December 2002
Video of volcanic activity at Mount Papandayan
George P. Lewis: Fumaroles at Mount Papandayan, 1920
Fumaroles at Papandayan

Mount Papandayan is a complex stratovolcano, located in Garut Regency, to the southeast of the city of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. It is about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the southwest of the town of Garut. At the summit, there are four large craters which contain active fumarole fields. An eruption in 1772 caused the northeast flank to collapse producing a catastrophic debris avalanche that destroyed 40 villages and killed nearly 3,000 people. The eruption truncated the volcano into a broad shape with two peaks and a flat area 1.1 km wide with Alun-Alun crater in the middle, making the mountain appear as a twin volcano; one of the peaks is called Papandayan and the other Mount Puntang.[1]

Since 1772, only small

National Disaster Management Agency noted that if Mt Papandayan erupted, over 170,000 people living in five nearby subdistricts (kecamatan) and in twenty villages could be affected.[4]
Of the people likely to be affected, it was expected that perhaps as many as 11,500 people might need to be evacuated.

Volcanism

Mount Papandayan is a large composite volcano. It is constructed of alternating layers of lava and ash, and other fragmental volcanic rock debris formed by explosive eruptions over the past several hundred years. A large horseshoe-shape crater extended to the northeast resulting in an avalanche deposit consisted of intermixed volcanic debris and alternated rocks, Kawah Manuk and many other with

solfataras emitting smoke and hot fumes from its inner sides.[5]

Tourism

The Mount Papandayan area is a popular tourist site.

mud pools, steam vents, and sulfur deposits. Papandayan Crater (Kawah Papandayan), a bubbling yellow crater, is a popular sight.[5] There are various other volcanic craters in the area to the south of Bandung as well. Another volcanic crater with easy access in the same region is Kawah Putih; it is in the nearby Bandung District
to the west of Mt Papandayan.

Above the crater is an

Javanese Edelweiss.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Papandayan". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  2. ^ Syahbana, D. K., Caudron, C., Jousset, P., Lecocq, T., Camelbeeck, T., Bernard, A., & Surono, 2014. 'Fluid dynamics inside a "wet" volcano inferred from the complex frequencies of long-period (LP) events: An example from Papandayan volcano, West Java, Indonesia, during the 2011 seismic unrest', Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 280(76-89). [1].
  3. ^ "Indonesia Warns Tourists away from Smoking Volcano". 14 August 2011. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  4. ^ Adianto P. Simamora, 'Increased activity at 22 volcanoes, alert raised', The Jakarta Post, 3 September 2011. The five kecamatan subdistricts listed by the National Disaster Management Agency were Cisurupan, Pamulihan, Bayongbong, Pakenjeng, and Sukaresmi.
  5. ^ a b c Mountain Tourism: Mount Papandayan, "The Beauty of Elfin Woodland". Jakarta: Ministry of Culture and Tourism. 2009.
  6. ^ Useful details are at the Gunung Bagging website for Papandayan. Information about Gunung Bagging activities is at Imogen Badgery-Parker, 'Climb ev'ry mountain', The Jakarta Post, 6 December 2009.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mount Papandayan.
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