Muhammad Khudayar Khan
Sayid Muhammad Khudayar Khan | |
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Khan of Kokand | |
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Reign | 1845 — 1875 |
Predecessor | Murad Beg Khan |
Successor | Nasruddin Khan |
Born | 1831 Kokand, Fergana Valley, Khanate of Kokand (present-day Uzbekistan) |
Died | 1882 Herat, Emirate of Afghanistan (present-day Afghanistan) |
Father | Shir Ali Khan |
Sayid Muhammad Khudayar Khan, usually abbreviated to Khudayar Khan, was a Khan of Kokand who reigned between 1845 and 1875 with interruptions. He was the son of Shir Ali Khan.[1] During the reign of Khudayar Khan, the Khanate was suffering from a civil war and from interventions of the Emir of Bukhara. Subsequently, the Russian invasion into Central Asia first forced the Khanate to become a vassal of the Russian Empire, and in 1876 the Khanate was abolished as a result of the suppression of an uprising. In 1875, Khudayar Khan, who took a pro-Russian position, during the uprising had to flee to Orenburg in Russia. He died in exile.[1]
Prelude to rule
In 1845, Shir Ali Khan was killed during the uprising. His son
Rise to power
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Silver_tenga_of_Muhammad_Khudayar.jpg/220px-Silver_tenga_of_Muhammad_Khudayar.jpg)
In 1862,
Rule of Kokand and legacy
In the 1850s, the Russian Empire advanced to the Central Asia with the final goal of controlling the whole area. In 1865, Russian troops took Tashkent, and Alimqul, who opposed them, was killed in action. In Kokand, Kipchaks declared Hudaykul Bey the khan, however, after a fortnight he flew to Kashgar. Subsequently, Khudayar Khan entered Kokand without any resistance.[2] In 1866, Russians proceeded to the south, occupying Khujand, and thus physically separating the Kokand Khanate and the Bukhara Emirate.[4] In 1868, Khudayar formally accepted the sovereignty of the Russian Empire over the Khanate.[1]
The reign of Khudayar Khan in the 1860s was notable for extremely high taxes and dysfunctional legal system, which was even worse than what his predecessors installed. In 1870, a plot was discovered, in which opponents of Khudayar Khan tried to replace him with Seyid Khan, a son of Mallya Khan, living in exile in Bukhara. When the plot was discovered, and Seyid Khan killed, the Emir of Bukhara, to avoid accusations in support of the plot, sent Khudayar Khan the names of conspirators and their supporters. This led to a large amount of executions.[2] In 1875, an uprising has forced Khudayar Khan to flee from the khanate.[1]
The palace built by Khudayar Khan is one of the landmarks of Kokand.
References
- ^ a b c d "Худояр" (in Russian). Soviet Historic Encyclopedia. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
- ^ ISBN 9781317470663.
- ^ Niva. 1873 – via Wikisource. (in Russian).
- ^ a b c Леонов, Н. (1951). Впервые в Алай. Путешествие А.П.Федченко в 1871 году (in Russian). Moscow: Государственное Издательство Детской Литературы.