Murtadha al-Ansari

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Grand Ayatollah

Shia jurist who "was generally acknowledged as the most eminent jurist of the time."[6][7]

Ansari has also been called the "first effective" model or

Shii law".[9]

Life and studies

Al-Ansari

Muhammad Hasan Najafi (author of Jawahir ul-Kalam) and began teaching.[12][13]

Religious leadership

When the last of the prominent scholars of the generation senior to Ansari died in 1849, Ansari was universally recognized as the 'most learned

fatawa.[16]

From the beginning of the Oudh Bequest in 1850, Morteza Ansari along with Sayyid Ali Naqi al-Tabatabie transferred the bequest from India through agents. Morteza Ansari had devised a mode of distribution which included "junior mujtahids, low-ranking indigent ulama, Persian and Arab students, the custodians of the shrines, and the poor."[17]

Intellectual contribution

According to

Qur'an and Hadith) and employ reason to produce legal doctrines. The rest of the community was obliged to follow (Taqlid) the doctrines of these legal scholars.[8]

Ansari was the author of some thirty books and treatises, noted for their clarity and readability.

Usul al-Fiqh. Of the former, his most important work is the Makasib, a detailed exposition of Islamic Commercial Law, which is still taught today in the Hawza and has yet to be surpassed.[12] Of the latter, his Fara'id ul-Usul remains an extremely important work. In it, he is credited with expanding the scope of the usul 'amaliyyah (practical principles, as opposed to semantic principles) in Shi'i jurisprudence. For this reason, Ansari is said to have laid the foundations of modern Twelver jurisprudence and his style – more than any other classical scholar – is imitated by the modern jurists.[18]

See also

Sources

  • Mottahedeh, Roy, The Mantle of the Prophet : Religion and Politics in Iran, One World, Oxford, 1985, 2000
  • Amin, Muhsin, Ayan ul-Shi'ah, Dar ul-Ta'aruf, Beirut, 1983 (Arabic)
  • Murata, S. ANṢĀRĪ, SHAIKH MORTAŻĀ B. MOḤAMMAD AMĪN. Encyclopædia Iranica: www.iranica.com (accessed 29.09.09)
  • Momen, An Introduction to Shi'ī Islam
  • Tabataba'i, Hossein Modarressi, An Introduction to Shi'i Law: A Bibliographical Study: London 1984

References

  1. ^ Faraed al-osoul (In Arabic), by Mortadha al-Ansari al-Tostari,
  2. ^ Alwathaya va Almawarith (in Arabic), by Mortadha al-Ansari al-Tostari
  3. ^ Shia in Isalam (In Arabic), by M.H. Tabatabai
  4. ^ Dehkhoda encyclopedia (in Persian)
  5. ^ Alwathaya va Almawarith, by Morteza Ansari Shushtari
  6. ^ The Qajar class structure, by Ahmad Ashraf & Ali Banuazizi
  7. ^ "ANṢĀRĪ, SHAIKH MORTAŻĀ – Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2021-02-02.
  8. ^ a b Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet, (2000), p. 210
  9. ^ Esposito, John, The Oxford Dictionary of Islam, (2003) p. 21
  10. ^ The demise of scholar of al-Mote'akherin, Sheikh Morteza Ansari
  11. ^ The demise of scholar of al-Mote'akherin, Sheikh Morteza Ansari Faqih and super Marja' in Najaf (1281 lunar month)
  12. ^ a b c d e Murata, S. ANṢĀRĪ, SHAIKH MORTAŻĀ B. MOḤAMMAD AMĪN. Encyclopedia Iranica: www.iranica.com (accessed 29.09.09)
  13. ^ a b "al-Amin, Muhsin, Ayan ul-Shiah, v.10 p. 118 (Arabic)"
  14. ^ Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet, (2000), p. 213
  15. ^ Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet, (2000), p. 213-4
  16. ^ Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet, (2000), p. 214
  17. doi:10.1163/1570060001569875
    . Retrieved 18 November 2016.(subscription required)
  18. ^ "al-Amin, Muhsin, Ayan ul-Shiah, v.10 p. 119 (Arabic)"
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