Narodnoe Opolcheniye
The People's Militia (Russian: Народное ополчение, romanized: Narodnoe opolcheniye, lit. 'popular regimentation', IPA: [nɐˈrodnəjə ɐpɐlˈtɕenʲɪjə]) was the name given to irregular troops formed from the population in the Russian Empire and later the Soviet Union. They fought behind front lines and alongside the regular army during several wars throughout its history.
The People's Militia is of the type known as "national troops" such as German
The People's Militia features prominently in early Russian history, for example in
Before 19th century
Time of Trouble
Although formed into
- Russo-Polish War of 1605–1618.
- Russo-Polish War of 1605–1618.
19th and 20th century
- During the War of the Fourth Coalition (1806–1807), the Narodnoe Opolcheniye was raise numbering some 612,000, but not used in combat.
- In 1812 Cossack opolcheniye was also created that even included use of captured 18th- or even 17th -century Turkish cannon kept as trophies.[6]
- During the Crimean War (1853–1856), a new Narodnoe Opolcheniye numbering about 360,000 was called out,[7] but not used in combat, although the 7,132 members of the Morskoye Opolcheniye formed from former naval and merchant officers and seamen did serve on active duty. [2]
- During the reign of serfdom a decade earlier, and the increasing Socialist revolutionary activities. It was used in Siberia during the Russo-Japanese War.
- The Narodnoe Opolcheniye was formed again in 1941 during the
See also
- List of infantry divisions of the Soviet Union 1917–1957#People's Militia
- Home Guard (United Kingdom)
- Landsturm
References
- ^ p. 561, Glantz
- ^ p. 43, Kirschenbaum
- ^ p. 195, Berman, Kerner
- ^ a b p. 262, vol.III, Dal
- ^ [1] Russian Army Order of Battle
- ^ p.87, Summerfield; from "The Don Cossack Opolchenie in 1812" by L. M. Frantseva, found in the ISTORICHESKIE ZAPISKI, 1954, Book 47, pp. 291–307. English translation by Mark Conrad
- ^ pp. 691–704, Moon
- ^ p. 235, Chickering, Förster, Greiner
- ^ "Irregular Units of RKKA".
Sources
- Stephen Summerfield, Brazen Cross of Courage: Russian Opolchenie, Partizans and Freikorps During the Napoleonic Wars, Partizan Press, 2007 ISBN 1-85818-555-6
- Roger Chickering, Stig Förster, Bernd Greiner, A World at Total War: Global Conflict and the Politics of Destruction, 1937-1945, German Historical Institute, Cambridge University Press, 2005 ISBN 0-511-08213-4
- Kirschenbaum, Lisa, The Legacy of the Siege of Leningrad, 1941-1995: Myth, Memories, and Monuments, Cambridge University Press, 2006 ISBN 0-521-86326-0
- Russian Peasant Volunteers at the Beginning of the Crimean War, David Moon, Slavic Review, Vol. 51, No. 4, Winter, 1992
- Glantz, David, Colossus Reborn: The Red Army at War, 1941-1943, University Press of Kansas, 2005 ISBN 0-7006-1353-6
- St. Petersburg, 1998 (reprinting of 1882 edition by M.O.Wolf Publisher Booksellers-Typesetters)