Neelum District
Neelum District
ضلع نیلم | |
---|---|
Gojri ,
Kundal Shahi | |
Number of Tehsils | 2 |
Neelum (spelt also Neelam;
Location
The district is bordered on the north and north-east by the
The Neelum Valley was known before the
Administration
The Neelum District was part of the
Languages
Several languages are spoken natively in the district. The predominant one is
The second most widely spoken language of the Neelam Valley is
The third-largest ethnic, though not linguistic,
In the upper end of the valley, there are two distinct communities speaking two different varieties of
A Pashto dialect is spoken in two villages (Dhaki and Changnar) that are situated on the Line of Control. Because of cross-border firing since the early 1990s, there has been large-scale migration away from these villages. The local dialect is not completely intelligible with the ones spoken in the rest of Pakistan.[20]
One language that is unique to the Neelum Valley is the endangered
Additionally,
Education
According to Pakistan District Education Ranking 2017, a report released by Alif Ailaan, the district of Neelum stands at number 58 nationally in the ranking related to education, with an education score of 60.87. The Neelum District is lowest-ranked district in all of Azad Kashmir.
See also
- Hunza Valley
- Naltar Valley
- Kaghan Valley
- Swat Valley
- Kalasha Valleys
- Kumrat Valley
- Sharada Peeth
- Dosut
- Lawat Balla
References
- ^ due weightin the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below).
(a) Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 15 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";
(b) Pletcher, Kenneth, Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia, Encyclopaedia Britannica, retrieved 16 August 2019 (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state.";
(c) "Kashmir", Encyclopedia Americana, Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006, p. 328,ISBN 978-1-84904-621-3Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'." - ^ AJK at a glance 2015 (PDF) (Report). p. 22.
- ^ a b *"Census 2017: AJK population rises to over 4m". The Nation. 26 August 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
- ^ "rmc.org.pk - Earthquake Map". Archived from the original on 21 September 2007. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, p. 65. The village is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) upstream from Athmuqam. An alternative etymology links the name to the colour of the river: "sapphire". (Faruqi 2016)
- ^ a b Akhtar & Rehman 2007, p. 65.
- ^ "Length of Neelum Valley". en.dailypakistan.com.pk. 8 May 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
- ^ Baart & Rehman 2005, p. 4; Akhtar & Rehman 2007, pp. 65–66.
- ^ "Tehsils of Neelum District on AJK map". ajk.gov.pk. AJK Official Portal. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- ^ Faruqi 2016.
- ^ "Individual district profile link, 2015". Alif Ailaan. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
- ^ Asia, Incredible. "Incredible Asia". Incredible Asia. Faysal Islam. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
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- ^ a b Akhtar & Rehman 2007, p. 69.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, p. 68. The variant Parimi as well as the local use of the terms Pahari and Hindko are from Rehman (2011, p. 227).
- ^ Sohail, Rehman & Kiani 2016, p. 108.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, p. 70. Additionally, Kashmiri speakers are better able to understand the variety of Srinagar than the one spoken in Muzaffarabad.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, p. 72.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, pp. 71–72.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, pp. 72–74.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, pp. 74–75.
- ^ Baart & Rehman 2005.
- ^ Akhtar & Rehman 2007, pp. 75–78.
Bibliography
- Akhtar, Raja Nasim; Rehman, Khawaja A. (2007). "The Languages of the Neelam Valley". Kashmir Journal of Language Research. 10 (1): 65–84. ISSN 1028-6640.
- Baart, Joan L. G.; Rehman, Khawaja A. (2005). "A first look at the language of Kundal Shahi in Azad Kashmir". SIL Electronic Working Papers.
- Faruqi, Sama (18 August 2016). "Neelum Valley: The sapphire trail". Herald (Pakistan). Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- Rehman, Khawaja A. (2011). "Ergativity in Kundal Shahi, Kashmiri And Hindko". In Turin, Mark; Zeisler, Bettina (eds.). Himalayan languages and linguistics: studies in phonology, semantics, morphology and syntax. Brill's Tibetan studies library, Languages of the greater Himalayan region. Leiden : Biggleswade: Brill. pp. 219–234. ISBN 978-90-04-19448-9.
- Sohail, Ayesha; Rehman, Khawaja A.; Kiani, Zafeer Hussain (2016). "Language divergence caused by LoC: a case study of District Kupwara (Jammu & Kashmir) and District Neelum (Azad Jammu & Kashmir)". Kashmir Journal of Language Research. 19 (2): 103–120. ISSN 1028-6640.