Nicholas Orsini

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Not to be confused with Nicolás Orsini. For other people with similar names, see Niccolò Orsini.
Nicholas Orsini
Thomas Komnenos Doukas
SuccessorJohn II Orsini
Count palatine of Cephalonia
Reign1317–1323
PredecessorJohn I Orsini
SuccessorJohn II Orsini
Died1323
SpouseAnna Palaiologina
DynastyOrsini ('apostolic' branch [it])
FatherJohn I Orsini
MotherMaria Komnene Doukaina

Nicholas Orsini (

Thomas Komnenos Doukas, and usurped his rule of Epirus. While able to secure his control over southern Epirus, however, the north with the city of Ioannina were taken over by the Byzantine Empire. Nicholas' attempts to ally with the Republic of Venice and recover Ioannina failed, and he was in turn killed by his brother John II Orsini
in 1323.

Life

Nicholas was the son of Count

Philip of Taranto in 1304 and 1306. John appears to have played a part in instigating these attacks, apparently aiming to become the new ruler of Epirus.[5][6]

Nicholas succeeded to the county on his father's death in 1317, and like his father also set his sights on Epirus.[3][7] In 1318 he surprised and murdered his childless uncle, Thomas I Komnenos Doukas of Epirus,[8][9] and easily subdued the entire southern portion of the principality around Arta. To solidify his position among the local population, Nicholas espoused Eastern Orthodoxy, used the Greek language, and married his uncle's widow, Anna Palaiologina, daughter of the Byzantine co-emperor Michael IX Palaiologos and granddaughter of Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos.[3][10] Although Anna was his aunt, the Church appears to have acquiesced to their marriage.[11] The historian Donald Nicol suggests that Anna may have been involved in Thomas' murder, as he had mistreated her.[12]

The Angevins did not entirely welcome Nicholas' actions, as they clashed with their own claims over Epirus.

John of Gravina in 1318 as the latter's feudal vassal,[11] in the next year, when prompted to render homage as ruler of Epirus as well, he refused.[11][13] At the same time, the Byzantines took advantage of Nicholas' lack of legitimacy to occupy the northern part of the Epirote realm, including Ioannina, which declared itself for the Byzantine emperor as soon as the murder of Thomas became known.[3][14]

When Nicholas sent to Emperor Andronikos to seek recognition of his new status, the emperor agreed to award him the title of

Lake Butrint, or the sugarcane plantations of Parga. Not wishing to alienate the Byzantines, the Venetians politely refused.[16][17] Nevertheless, already in 1320, Nicholas began harassing the Byzantine domains in Epirus, and his ties to the Byzantine court ended when his wife Anna died in the same year.[18]

Following the outbreak of a

Valona. Nevertheless, both attacks were repulsed by the Byzantine garrisons.[17][19] In Ioannina in particular, the local citizens eagerly participated in the defence of both their city and the extensive privileges granted to them by Andronikos II.[20] Shortly after, in 1323, he was killed—either by murder or as a result of a brief conflict—by his brother John II Orsini.[1][3][20]

References

  1. ^ a b c PLP, 224. <Ἄγγελος> Νικόλαος.
  2. ^ Fine 1994, pp. 236, 247.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Fine 1994, p. 247.
  4. ^ Nicol 1984, p. 43.
  5. ^ Nicol 1984, pp. 57–59, 61.
  6. ^ Longnon 1969, pp. 267–269.
  7. ^ Nicol 1984, p. 81.
  8. ^ Miller 1908, p. 249.
  9. ^ Nicol 1984, pp. 80, 81.
  10. ^ a b Topping 1975, p. 121.
  11. ^ a b c Nicol 1984, p. 82.
  12. ^ Nicol 1984, pp. 82–83.
  13. ^ Topping 1975, pp. 121–122.
  14. ^ Nicol 1984, p. 83.
  15. ^ Nicol 1984, p. 89.
  16. ^ Nicol 1984, pp. 89–90.
  17. ^ a b Miller 1908, pp. 249–250.
  18. ^ Nicol 1984, p. 91.
  19. ^ Nicol 1984, pp. 91–92.
  20. ^ a b Nicol 1984, p. 92.

Sources

  • ISBN 0-472-08260-4
    .
  • Longnon, Jean (1969) [1962]. "The Frankish States in Greece, 1204–1311". In
    ISBN 0-299-04844-6
    .
  • OCLC 563022439
    .
  • ISBN 978-0-521-13089-9
    .
  • Topping, Peter (1975). "The Morea, 1311–1364". In
    ISBN 0-299-06670-3
    .
  • Trapp, Erich; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Walther, Rainer; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja; Kislinger, Ewald; Leontiadis, Ioannis; Kaplaneres, Sokrates (1976–1996).
    ISBN 3-7001-3003-1
    .
Nicholas Orsini
Born: unknown Died: 1323
Preceded by Despot of Epirus
1318–1323 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Count palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos

1317–1323
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