Nucleolin
| NCL | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Gene ontology | |||
| Molecular function | |||
| Cellular component | |||
| Biological process | |||
| Sources:Amigo / QuickGO | |||
Ensembl | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UniProt | |||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | |||||||||
| Location (UCSC) | Chr 2: 231.45 – 231.48 Mb | Chr 1: 86.27 – 86.29 Mb | |||||||
| PubMed search | [3] | [4] | |||||||
| View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
Nucleolin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCL gene.[5][6]
Gene
The human NCL gene is located on chromosome 2 and consists of 14 exons with 13 introns and spans approximately 11kb. Intron 11 of the NCL gene encodes a small nucleolar RNA, termed U20.[7]
Function
Nucleolin is the major nucleolar protein of growing eukaryotic cells. It is found associated with intranucleolar chromatin and pre-ribosomal particles. It induces chromatin decondensation by binding to histone H1. It is thought to play a role in pre-rRNA transcription and ribosome assembly. May play a role in the process of transcriptional elongation. Binds RNA oligonucleotides with 5'-UUAGGG-3' repeats more tightly than the telomeric single-stranded DNA 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats.
Nucleolin is also able to act as a transcriptional coactivator with Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcription Factor II (COUP-TFII).[8]
Clinical significance
Midkine and pleiotrophin bind to cell-surface nucleolin as a low affinity receptor. This binding can inhibit HIV infection.[9][10]
Nucleolin at the cell surface is the receptor for the
fusion protein.[11] Interference with the nucleolin–RSV fusion protein interaction has been shown to be therapeutic against RSV infection in cell cultures and animal models.[12][13][14][15]
Interactions
Nucleolin has been shown to
interact
with:
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115053 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026234 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- PMID 2394707.
- PMID 3409881.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: NCL nucleolin".
- PMID 22693611.
- S2CID 41621217.
- S2CID 21153881.
- S2CID 205388029.
- PMID 28771197.
- PMID 22884716.
- PMID 23518574.
- PMID 25374027.
- S2CID 235436955.
- S2CID 10750338.
- PMID 12565890.
- PMID 21859890.
- PMID 8620867.
- PMID 12138209.
- S2CID 24950287.
- PMID 14623863.
- PMID 12096904.
- PMID 9512561.
- S2CID 25059254.
- S2CID 41394148.
Further reading
- Tuteja R, Tuteja N (1999). "Nucleolin: a multifunctional major nucleolar phosphoprotein". Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 33 (6): 407–36. PMID 9918513.
- Pasternack MS, Bleier KJ, McInerney TN (Aug 1991). "Granzyme A binding to target cell proteins. Granzyme A binds to and cleaves nucleolin in vitro". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 (22): 14703–8. PMID 1860869.
- Belenguer P, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Labbé JC, Dorée M, Amalric F (Jul 1990). "Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of nucleolin by p34cdc2 protein kinase". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 10 (7): 3607–18. PMID 2192260.
- Srivastava M, Fleming PJ, Pollard HB, Burns AL (Jun 1989). "Cloning and sequencing of the human nucleolin cDNA". FEBS Letters. 250 (1): 99–105. S2CID 8690886.
- Tuteja N, Huang NW, Skopac D, Tuteja R, Hrvatic S, Zhang J, Pongor S, Joseph G, Faucher C, Amalric F (Jul 1995). "Human DNA helicase IV is nucleolin, an RNA helicase modulated by phosphorylation". Gene. 160 (2): 143–8. PMID 7642087.
- Jordan P, Heid H, Kinzel V, Kübler D (Dec 1994). "Major cell surface-located protein substrates of an ecto-protein kinase are homologs of known nuclear proteins". Biochemistry. 33 (49): 14696–706. PMID 7993898.
- Nicoloso M, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Michot B, Azum MC, Bachellerie JP (Sep 1994). "U20, a novel small nucleolar RNA, is encoded in an intron of the nucleolin gene in mammals". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 14 (9): 5766–76. PMID 8065311.
- Ishikawa F, Matunis MJ, Dreyfuss G, Cech TR (Jul 1993). "Nuclear proteins that bind the pre-mRNA 3' splice site sequence r(UUAG/G) and the human telomeric DNA sequence d(TTAGGG)n". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 13 (7): 4301–10. PMID 8321232.
- Eggert M, Möws CC, Tripier D, Arnold R, Michel J, Nickel J, Schmidt S, Beato M, Renkawitz R (Dec 1995). "A fraction enriched in a novel glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein stimulates receptor-dependent transcription in vitro". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (51): 30755–9. S2CID 25642912.
- Bharti AK, Olson MO, Kufe DW, Rubin EH (Jan 1996). "Identification of a nucleolin binding site in human topoisomerase I". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (4): 1993–7. S2CID 25059254.
- Li YP, Busch RK, Valdez BC, Busch H (Apr 1996). "C23 interacts with B23, a putative nucleolar-localization-signal-binding protein". European Journal of Biochemistry. 237 (1): 153–8. PMID 8620867.
- Li D, Dobrowolska G, Krebs EG (Jun 1996). "The physical association of casein kinase 2 with nucleolin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (26): 15662–8. S2CID 10750338.
- Zhou G, Seibenhener ML, Wooten MW (Dec 1997). "Nucleolin is a protein kinase C-zeta substrate. Connection between cell surface signaling and nucleus in PC12 cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (49): 31130–7. PMID 9388266.
- Haluska P, Saleem A, Edwards TK, Rubin EH (Apr 1998). "Interaction between the N-terminus of human topoisomerase I and SV40 large T antigen". Nucleic Acids Research. 26 (7): 1841–7. PMID 9512561.
- Borggrefe T, Wabl M, Akhmedov AT, Jessberger R (Jul 1998). "A B-cell-specific DNA recombination complex". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (27): 17025–35. S2CID 24347735.
- Larrucea S, González-Rubio C, Cambronero R, Ballou B, Bonay P, López-Granados E, Bouvet P, Fontán G, Fresno M, López-Trascasa M (Nov 1998). "Cellular adhesion mediated by factor J, a complement inhibitor. Evidence for nucleolin involvement". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (48): 31718–25. S2CID 8004314.
- Parada CA, Roeder RG (Jul 1999). "A novel RNA polymerase II-containing complex potentiates Tat-enhanced HIV-1 transcription". The EMBO Journal. 18 (13): 3688–701. PMID 10393184.
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