Nylon 66

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the firearm, see Remington Nylon 66.
Nylon 66
Names
IUPAC name
Poly[imino(1,6-dioxohexamethylene) iminohexamethylene]
Systematic IUPAC name
Poly(azanediyladipoylazanediylhexane-1,6-diyl)
Other names
Poly(hexamethylene adipamide),Poly(N,N'-hexamethyleneadipinediamide), Maranyl, Ultramid, Zytel, Akromid, Durethan, Frianyl, Vydyne
Identifiers
ChemSpider
  • None
ECHA InfoCard
 100.130.739 Edit this at Wikidata
Properties
(C12H22N2O2)n
Density 1.140 g/ml (Zytel)
Melting point 264 °C (507 °F)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Nylon 66 (loosely written nylon 6-6, nylon 6/6, nylon 6,6, or nylon 6:6) is a type of polyamide or nylon. It, and nylon 6, are the two most common for textile and plastic industries. Nylon 66 is made of two monomers each containing 6 carbon atoms, hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, which give nylon 66 its name.[1] Aside from its superior physical characteristics, nylon 66 is attractive because its precursors are inexpensive.

Synthesis and manufacturing

polycondensation
of Nylon 66.

Nylon 66 is synthesized by

polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid. Equivalent amounts of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid are combined in water. In the original implementation, the resulting ammonium/carboxylate salt was isolated and then heated either in batches or continuously to induce polycondensation.[2]
 Removing water drives the reaction toward polymerization through the formation of amide bonds from the acid and amine functions. Alternatively, the polymerization is conducted on a concentrated aqueous mixture formed of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid.[3]

It can either be extruded and granulated at this point or directly spun into fibers by extrusion through a spinneret (a small metal plate with fine holes) and cooling to form filaments.

Applications

In 2011 worldwide production was two million tons. At that time, fibers consumed just over half of production and engineering resins the rest. It is not used in film applications as it cannot be biaxially oriented.[4] Fiber markets represented 55% of the 2010 demand with engineering thermoplastics being the remainder.[5]

Nylon 66 is frequently used when high mechanical strength, rigidity, good stability under heat and/or chemical resistance are required.

zip ties, conveyor belts, hoses, polymer-framed weapons, and the outer layer of turnout blankets.[9] Nylon 66 is also a popular guitar nut material.[10]

Nylon 66, especially glass fiber reinforced grades, can be effectively fire retardant with halogen-free products. Phosphorus-based flame retardant systems are used in these fire-safe polymers and are based on aluminium diethyl phosphinate and synergists. They are designed to meet UL 94 flammability tests as well as Glow Wire Ignition Tests (GWIT), Glow Wire Flammability Test (GWFI) and Comparative Tracking Index (CTI). Its main applications are in the electrical and electronics (E&E) industry.

See also

References

  1. ISBN 0-471-44026-4
    .
  2. ^ US patent 2130523, Carothers W.H., "Linear polyamides and their production", issued 1938-09-20, assigned to EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co. 
  3. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2
    .
  4. ^ Biaxially oriented film
  5. ^ PCI extract for PA66, The PCI Group, archived from the original on 2015-05-18, retrieved 2019-01-05
  6. ISBN 978-0-19-510789-0
    .
  7. ^ Oil Pan, 35% glass reinforced 66 (PDF), M-Base Engineering + Software GmbH, 19 April 2015
  8. ^ Tailgate hinge 50% glass reinforced 66 (PDF), M-Base Engineering + Software GmbH, 18 April 2015
  9. ^ "PA66 PLASTIC RESIN". rdplas.com.vn. RD Vietnam Industry Co., Ltd. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
  10. ^ "Nylon Guitar Nut Blank (1-3/4" x 3/8" x 3/16")". Mojotone. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
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