Outline of jazz

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Jazz
hip hop
Subgenres
Fusion genres
Regional scenes
Other topics

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to jazz:

African music and European classical music
traditions.

European American musical parentage with a performance orientation.[1]

Jazz spans a period of over a hundred years, encompassing a very wide range of music, making it difficult to define. Jazz makes heavy use of improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation and the swing note,[2] as well as aspects of European harmony, American popular music,[3] the brass band tradition, and African musical elements such as blue notes and African-American styles such as ragtime.[1]

Although the foundation of jazz is deeply rooted within the black experience of the United States, different cultures have contributed their own experience and styles to the art form as well. Intellectuals around the world have hailed jazz as "one of America's original art forms".[4]

As jazz spread around the world, it drew on different national, regional, and local musical cultures, which gave rise to many distinctive styles.

New Orleans jazz began in the early 1910s, combining earlier brass-band marches, French quadrilles, biguine, ragtime and blues with collective polyphonic improvisation
.

In the 1930s, heavily arranged dance-oriented

swing big bands, Kansas City jazz, a hard-swinging, bluesy, improvisational style and Gypsy jazz (a style that emphasized musette waltzes) were the prominent styles. Bebop emerged in the 1940s, shifting jazz from danceable popular music towards a more challenging "musician's music" which was played at faster tempos and used more chord-based improvisation. Cool jazz
developed in the end of the 1940s, introducing calmer, smoother sounds and long, linear melodic lines.

The 1950s saw the emergence of

mode
, or musical scale, as the basis of musical structure and improvisation.

Jazz-rock fusion appeared in the late 1960s and early 1970s, combining jazz improvisation with rock music's rhythms, electric instruments and the highly amplified stage sound. In the early 1980s, a commercial form of jazz fusion called smooth jazz became successful, garnering significant radio airplay. Other styles and genres abound in the 2000s, such as Latin and Afro-Cuban jazz.

What type of thing is jazz?

Jazz can be described as all of the following:

  • Music – art and cultural form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The word derives from Greek μουσική (mousike; "art of the Muses").
    • Music genre – conventional category that identifies pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. It is to be distinguished from musical form and musical style, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.

Musical instruments typically associated with jazz

Rhythm section instruments
"Lead instruments and
lead vocals
"
Other
  • Banjo (early Dixieland jazz)
  • Bass guitar (post 1950s, especially post-1970s)
  • Clarinet (early Dixieland jazz and Swing-era jazz)
  • Tuba (early Dixieland jazz)

Jazz genres

Jazz fusion

Jazz fusion

Regional scenes

Local scenes

Jazz compositions

Jazz standards

Jazz discographies

History of jazz

Stylistic origins

Cultural origins

Mainstream popularity

  • 1920s–1960s, although popularity and development as a genre persists into the present.

Derivatives

Years in jazz

Jazz culture

Jazz organizations

Jazz publications

Persons influential in jazz

Jazz musicians

Jazz musicians, by instrument

Jazz musicians, by genre

See also

  • Glossary of jazz and popular musical terms
  • Outline of music
  • Victorian Jazz Archive

References

  1. ^ a b Hennessey, Thomas, From Jazz to Swing: Black Jazz Musicians and Their Music, 1917-1935. Ph.D. dissertation, Northwestern University, 1973, pp. 470-473.
  2. ^ Alyn Shipton, A New History of Jazz, 2nd edn., Continuum, 2007, pp. 4–5.
  3. ^ Bill Kirchner, The Oxford Companion to Jazz, Oxford University Press, 2005, Chapter Two.
  4. ^ Starr, Larry, and Christopher Waterman. "Popular Jazz and Swing: America's Original Art Form." IIP Digital. Oxford University Press, 26 July 2008.

External links

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