PKP class ET22
PKP ET22 | |
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PKP | |
Nicknames | Byk (The Bull) |
ET22 (also manufactured as Pafawag 201E) is a Polish six-axle electric freight locomotive built by Pafawag from 1969 to 1989.[1] Factory designation is 201E. With 1183 units, it is one of the most numerous standard gauge electric locomotive built in Europe.[2] Further 23 units were built for Morocco as E-1000 class.
History
Soon after
The first two
During the production the design of the ET22 locomotive was slightly altered. Some changes were also made during repair and maintenance.
The body of the locomotives in use is different from the prototypes in details. There are three basic types of locomotive bodies where the main differences are the size and placement of the side windows, air intakes and ventilation grids. From ET22-013 big grids on the left side for resistors' cooling were moved from upper part to lower part of the body. From ET22-242 air intakes for engines' cooling were moved from a roof edge to side walls, on both sides, which is most popular configuration.
- ET22-001 - left side: four big ventilation grids in an upper part of the body, six air intakes and seven air outlets on a roof edge; right side: six air intakes in two groups on the roof edge.[4]
- ET22-013 - left side: five ventilation grids in a lower part of the body, six air intakes and seven air outlets on a roof edge; right side as above.[4]
- ET22-242 - left side: seven ventilation grids in a lower part and two in an upper part of the body, seven air outlets on a roof edge; right side: two ventilation grids in a lower part and two in an upper part of the body; added windows to all side doors.[4]
From ET22-122 there was simplified and improved a suspension of the body, without transversal beams. From ET22-282, big headlights, typical for Polish railways, were fitted in conical covers instead of hexagonal.[4]
In 1973 Pafawag built a prototype passenger locomotive of the building type 201Ea, which had a different gear ratio for top speed 160 km/h, with no other substantial changes. The locomotive was classified as EP23-001, being a sole machine of this class. After a series of tests, the locomotive characteristics were found unsatisfactory and no more were built. In 1979 the prototype was rebuilt to ET22 standard and renamed ET22-121 in place of former locomotive 121 scrapped in 1977.[5] Today this locomotive is conserved in Jaworzyna Śląska railway museum.
Another two prototype locomotives were produced in 1978 as type 201Ec (also known as type 202E).[5] Main changes introduced were an improved secondary suspension, multiple unit control and several small modernisations, like automatic door control. Wheelbase of bogies increased from 3,500 to 3,800 mm (11 to 12 ft) and they were connected with a linkage, but the overall wheelbase increased only by 80 mm (3.1 in).[5] Those locomotives were first given the numbers 501 and 502. As the production of ET22 continued, those were renumbered to 701 and 702 and finally to 1001 and 1002, which they carried until the end.[5] A modernization was considered successful, but in a view of an economical crisis in 1980s in Poland, the authorities of a planned economy lost interest in starting production of an improved locomotive.[5]
In the 1980s
In 2004 the locomotive ET22-315 was modernised in ZNLE Gliwice and renamed ET22-2000 (201Em type).[5] Main modifications affected the electrical and mechanical main components as well as the driver's cab which was equipped with a modern computerised control system and joysticks. The locomotive is painted in PKP Cargo colours.[3]
Moroccan E-1000 class
The only locomotives of 201E family built for export were 23 modified units of 201Eg type for Moroccan railways ONCF, delivered in 1976. They differ in equipment and details, most noticeably they have single-part pantographs Faiveley.[5] Initially they were meant to haul phosphorite trains from mountain parts of the country to Casablanca, later they found use in passenger trains. In 2003 three were re-sold to Polish private operator CTL Rail (E-1003, 1018, 1021) and modified to Polish standards.[5]
Technical data
Despite its ET designation (marking a freight locomotive) ET22 is a universal locomotive, and it is occasionally seen in passenger traffic.
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ET22-636 showing a final configuration of air intakes on left side
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ET22-310 in 1980s livery with yellow front
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ET22-1133 in new PKP cargo livery
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ET22-353 with modernized headlights
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Modernized ET22-2000
Nicknames
Accidents
- On, 28 February 1977, ET22-121 crashed into three other waiting locomotives of its class (122, 132, 189) at Psary station (2 killed). All four locomotives were written off.[4]
- On 3 March 2012, ET22-1105 was involved in the Szczekociny rail crash.
See also
- Polish locomotives designation
References
- ^ a b c "Technical data of ET22 locomotive". Archived from the original on 2007-08-30. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
- ^ a b c d e Terczyński, Paweł. Świat Kolei 8/2006
- ^ a b c d Wojciech Cupiał. "Tabor, czyli co jeździ po polskich torach". Archived from the original on 2007-03-31. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
- ^ a b c d e f Terczyński, Paweł. Świat Kolei 11/2006
- ^ a b c d e f g h Terczyński, Paweł. Świat Kolei 1/2007
- ^ "Gallery of ET22 locomotive". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
- Terczyński, Paweł. "Lokomotywa elektryczna serii ET22". Świat Kolei (in Polish) (8/2006): 12–20.
- Terczyński, Paweł. "Lokomotywa elektryczna serii ET22 (2)". Świat Kolei (in Polish) (11/2006): 18–29.
- Terczyński, Paweł. "Odmiany konstrukcyjne lokomotywy 201E". Świat Kolei (in Polish) (1/2007): 16–25.