Pachystoma
Kunai orchids | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Pachystoma pubescens in the Namdapha Tiger Reserve | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Asparagales |
Family: | Orchidaceae |
Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
Tribe: | Collabieae |
Genus: | Pachystoma Blume[1] |
Synonyms[1] | |
|
Pachystoma, commonly known as kunai orchids
Description
Orchids in the genus Pachystoma are deciduous, terrestrial herbs with a branching underground rhizome and one or two linear, papery, pleated or veiny leaves. A thin, wiry flowering stem bears smallish, pink drooping flowers that are hairy on the outside. The sepals and petals are similar in size and shape, the lateral sepals having a hump at their base. The labellum has three lobes, the middle lobe projecting forwards and the side lobes unusually large.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Pachystoma was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume and the description was published in Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlandsch Indie.[5][6] The name Pachystoma is derived from the Ancient Greek words pachys meaning "thick"[7]: 853 and stoma meaning "mouth",[7]: 754 apparently referring to a thickened callus on the labellum.[4]
Species
As of November 2022, Plants of the World Online lists the following two species of Pachystoma:[1]
- Pachystoma nutans S.C.Chen & Y.B.Luo - Myanmar[8]
- Pachystoma pubescens Blume - between tropical and subtropical Asia to the southwest Pacific[9]
In 1879, Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach described Pachystoma thomsonianum in The Gardeners' Chronicle,[10] now known as Ancistrochilus thomsonianus (Rchb.f.) Rolfe.[11] The specific epithet (thomsonianus) honours the Victorian botanist George Thomson.[12]
References
- ^ a b c "Pachystoma". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
- ^ ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ a b Chen, Xinqi; Wood, Jeffrey J. "Pachystoma". Flora of China. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
- ^ a b D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Pachystoma". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
- ^ "Pachystoma". APNI. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
- ^ Blume, Carl Ludwig (1825). Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlandsch Indi. Batavia. p. 376. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
- ^ a b Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
- ^ "Pachystoma nutans". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ "Pachystoma pubescens". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Reichenbach, Heinrich G. (1879). "New Garden Plants". The Gardeners Chronicle. 12: 582. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
- ^ "Ancistrochilus thomsonianus". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
- ^ Veitch, James Herbert (1906). A History of the Rise and Progress of the Nurseries of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Together with an Account of the Botanical Collectors and Hybridists Employed by Them and a List of The Most Remarkable of Their Introductions. London: J. Veitch & sons. p. 147. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
External links
Media related to Pachystoma at Wikimedia Commons
- The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia - Pachystoma pubescens