Pattani province

Coordinates: 6°52′4″N 101°15′00″E / 6.86778°N 101.25000°E / 6.86778; 101.25000
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about southern province of Thailand. For the historic region, see Patani (historical region).
Not to be confused with
patani
.
Pattani
ปัตตานี
Rumi)
 • Chinese北大年 (Simplified)
Pattani Grand Mosque
Pattani Grand Mosque
Postal code
94xxx
Calling code073
ISO 3166 codeTH-94
Websitewww.pattani.go.th

Pattani (

Jawi: ڤطاني, 'ตานิง, pronounced [ˈtːaniŋ], Malay: Patani) is one of the southern provinces of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from southeast clockwise) Narathiwat, Yala, and Songkhla. Its capital is the town of Pattani
.

Geography

Pattani is on the

Sankalakhiri mountain range, which includes Budo-Su-ngai Padi National Park, on the border with Yala and Narathiwat. The total forest area is 110 km2 (42 sq mi) or 5.6 percent of provincial area.[5]

National parks

There are two national parks, along with three other national parks, make up

region 6 (Pattani branch)
of Thailand's protected areas.

Toponymy

The name Pattani is the

Langkasuka Empire.[8]

History

Main article:
Pattani Kingdom

Historically, Pattani province was the centre of the

Sultanate of Patani Darul Makrif. For centuries a tributary state of Siam, Patani has been governed by Siam since its conquest in 1786. The provinces of Patani were turned into seven smaller provinces: Patani, Nhongchik, Raman, Ra-ngae, Saiburi, Yala and Yaring, later regrouped in 1906 into 4 larger provinces: Patani, Bangnara, Saiburi and Yala.[9] Siamese rule was officially acknowledged by the Burney Treaty of 1826 negotiated with the British Empire which included also Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu. Unlike these four sultanates, Patani was not included in the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 and remained under Siamese rule. Both Yala (Jala) and Narathiwat (Menara) were originally part of Patani, but were made provinces in their own right during the territorial administrative reform and the creation of a united centralized Siam state in the early-20th century.[citation needed
]

Demographics

Population by religion (2016)[10]
Islam
 
 87%
Buddhism
 
 13%

Pattani is one of the four provinces of Thailand where the majority of the population are Muslim, the others being

Pattani Malay
speakers (though most speak Thai as well).

Symbols

The

Phraya Tani, known as Sri Pattani in Malay, which was cast in Pattani province. It was brought to Bangkok in 1785, and is now on display in front of the Ministry of Defence in Bangkok.[citation needed
]

The provincial flower is the Chinese hibiscus (

provincial tree is the Ironwood (Hopea odorata).[citation needed
]

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

Pattani is divided into 12 districts (

amphoe), which are further divided into 115 subdistricts (tambon) and 629 villages (muban).[citation needed
] The districts of
Saba Yoi (Malay:Sebayu) were detached from Pattani and transferred to Songkhla in 1796 by Siam government.[citation needed
]

Map Number Name Thai Jawi Malay
1
Mueang Pattani
 เมืองปัตตานี فطاني Patani/Fathoni
2
Khok Pho
 โคกโพธิ์ كوكفور Khuppur
3
Nong Chik
 หนองจิก نوڠجيك Nungjik
4
Panare
 ปะนาเระ فناريق Penarik
5 Mayo มายอ مايو Mayu
6
Thung Yang Daeng
 ทุ่งยางแดง طوڠيڠديڠ Thungyangdeng
7
Sai Buri
 สายบุรี سليندوڠ بايو ، تلوبن Selindung Bayu, Teluban
8
Mai Kaen
 ไม้แก่น مايكين Maikaen
9
Yaring
 ยะหริ่ง جمبو Jambu
10
Yarang
 ยะรัง ياليمو Yalimo
11
Kapho
 กะพ้อ كأفو Kapor
12
Mae Lan
 แม่ลาน ميلان Melan

Local government

Yaring District Beach, Pattani

As of 26 November 2019 there are:

thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 96 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[2]

Economy

Six of Pattani's districts lie on the shore of the Gulf of Thailand. The number of fisheries workers in Pattani exceeds 80,000 as of 2019[update].[12] Pattani is the only province in Thailand where the agriculture ministry prohibits trawlers and destructive fishing nets within four nautical miles of the shoreline. Local fish stocks have rebounded as a result.[12]

Despite having many interesting places. But Pattani is the least visited province in the country according to data from Ministry of Tourism and Sports in 2018, the number of tourists is only 20,000–30,000 people, mostly Thai people.[13]

Transport

The Royal Thai Air Force's

Pattani Railway Station
.

Human achievement index 2022

Health Education Employment Income
15 77 33 76
Housing Family Transport Participation
45 11 7 40
Province Pattani, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6149 is "low", occupies place 70 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[3]

Rank Classification
  1 - 13 "high"
14 - 29 "somewhat high"
30 - 45 "average"
46 - 61 "somewhat low"
62 - 77 "low"

Military rule

As of 2018, the provisions of Thailand's Internal Security Act remain imposed on Mae Lan District. Internal security restrictions, maintained by Thailand's Internal Security Operations Command can result in curfews, prohibited entry, or prohibited transport of goods. It is considered one step below the imposition of full martial law.[14]

Places of interest

Shrine to Leng Chu Kiang

Pattani has named as the land of three religions (Buddhism, Islam,

places of worship
for all three religions:

  • Wat Rat Burana (Thai: วัดราษฎร์บูรณะ), also known as Wat Chang Hai (Thai: วัดช้างให้), an ancient Thai Buddhist temple older than 300 years, a legendary monk Luang Pu Thuat was once the abbot of this place.
  • Leng Chu Kiang Shrine (Thai: ศาลเจ้าเล่งจูเกียง) Chinese shrine of Lim Ko Niao (younger sister of Lin Daoqian).
  • Krue Se Mosque (Thai: มัสยิดกรือเซะ) Regarded as one of the more famous mosques with the oldest history.[15]

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-974-680-368-7. Retrieved 17 January 2016, Data has been supplied by Land Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, at Wayback Machine.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)[dead link
    ]
  2. ^ a b "รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2561" [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2018]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior (in Thai). 31 December 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  3. ^ a b "ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF)" [Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF)]. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC) (in Thai). Retrieved 12 March 2024, page 45{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  4. ISSN 1686-0799
    . Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  5. ^ "ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562" [Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019]. Royal Forest Department (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2021, information, Forest statistics Year 2019{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  6. ^ a b "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง" [National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  7. JSTOR 41491922
    .
  8. ^ "{ms} Sejarah Malaysia - Asal Usul nama Sungai Petani". Sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my. Archived from the original on 2013-06-03. Retrieved 2012-08-24.
  9. ^ "A Brief Introduction to the Malay Kingdom of Patani". Islamic Human Rights Commission. 21 December 2004.
  10. ^ Pattani : Selamat Datang Ke Pattani (PDF). Songkhla: IQ Media. 2018. p. 16.
  11. ^ "Number of local government organizations by province". dla.go.th. Department of Local Administration (DLA). 26 November 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019. 31 Pattani: 1 PAO, 2 Town mun., 15 Subdistrict mun., 96 SAO.
  12. ^ a b Kongrut, Anchalee (2 September 2019). "From Pattani seas to Bangkok plates". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  13. ^ Laohavichai, Nakan (2019-01-11). "เมืองที่ไม่มีใครแล" [Town that nobody cares]. Posttoday (in Thai). Retrieved 2020-01-01.
  14. ^ Raksaseri, Kornchanok (8 January 2018). "Isoc power boost 'not political'". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
  15. ^
    Manager Online
    (in Thai). 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2019-01-15.

External links

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