Pavlo Shandruk

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Pavlo Shandruk Павло Шандрук
First World War Ukrainian–Soviet War Kiev offensive Second World War
Awards	Virtuti Militari Cross

Pavlo Feofanovich Shandruk (

command at the close of World War II.

Early life

Shandruk was born in the village of Borsuky, near Kremenets in the Volhynia Governorate of Ukraine in the Russian Empire (present-day Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine). He completed his studies in 1911 at the Nizhyn Institute majoring in history and languages and later underwent post graduate studies at the Alexandrovsk Military Academy in Moscow.

Military career

In the

.

Until 1936, he worked in different positions for the Ukrainian National Republic government in exile initially led by

, after which he obtained further training in the Wyższa Szkoła Wojenna (Higher Military Academy). Upon the completion of his training he accepted a commission and was promoted to the rank of major in the Polish Army.

As a colonel he fought in the Polish Army in September 1939. On 23 September Colonel Shandruk rescued the 19th Polish brigade from annihilation in a trap. After the war he received the Virtuti Militari cross from Władysław Anders for this action. After capitulation, Shandruk, as a Polish officer, was captured and sent to a German POW Camp, from where he was later released due to his injuries. After falling ill, he was arrested by the Gestapo but set free before the Germans attacked the Soviet Union.

From 1940 till 1944 he worked as a cinema manager in Skierniewice. During this time he was employing and giving shelter to Polish underground members, hunted by the Gestapo.

The Ukrainian National Army

In February 1945 he accepted the position of the head of the Ukrainian National Committee and simultaneously became the commander of the newly formed Ukrainian National Army (UNA) into which all Ukrainian formations who had fought on the German side on the Eastern front were merged. (It came to about 50,000 men).

In April 1945 now General Shandruk joined the UNA forces located at the front in Austria. On 28 April the UNA swore an oath of allegiance to Ukraine.

Surrender

On May 8, 1945, Shandruk and the

. This provoked fierce protests from the Soviets.

Post World War II

Later, he lived in Germany and the United States. Shandruk penned a number of works regarding military history in Ukrainian, Polish, and English, among them Arms of Valor (NY, 1959).^[1] He was the editor of the collection of documents regarding the Ukrainian–Soviet War of 1920.

Shandruk was decorated with Polish

.

He became a full member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in 1948.^[2]

Further reading

• Боляновський А. Шандрук Павло // Довідник з історії України. — 2-е видання. — К., 2001. — С. 1068.
• Паньківський К. Роки німецької окупації. Нью-Йорк — Торонто 1965.
• P.Abbott, E.Pinak. Ukrainian Armies 1914-55, Men At Arms n°412, Osprey publishing, 2004 Leeds UK.
  ISBN 1-84176-668-2
  (с 41)
• Melnyk, Michal James (2002). To Battle, The History and Formation of the 14th Waffen SS Grenadier Division (second updated edition 2007 ed.). Helion and Co.
  ISBN 978-1-874622-19-2
  .

References

External links

• «Arms of Valor» (Нью-Йорк 1959)
• Біляїв Володимир. На неокраянім крилі… — Донецьк: Східний видавничий дім, 2003.