Philip II, Metropolitan of Moscow
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Philip II, Metropolitan of Moscow | |
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| Metropolitans of Moscow and all Russia | |
.jpg) Icon of St. Philip, Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia | |
| Church | Russian Orthodox Church |
| See | Moscow |
| Installed | 1566 |
| Term ended | 1568 |
| Predecessor | Herman of Kazan and Svyazhsk |
| Successor | Cyril, Metropolitan of Moscow |
Saint Philip, Metropolitan of Moscow | |
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hierarch with omophorion, holding a Gospel Book, with his right hand raised in blessing. Iconographically , he is depicted with a medium sized dark beard with flecks of grey. |
Saint Philip II of Moscow (11 February 1507 – 23 December 1569) was the
Metropolitan of Moscow and all Rus' from 1566 to 1568. He was the thirteenth Metropolitan of Moscow to be appointed without the approval of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
as had been the norm.
He was one of a few metropolitans who dared openly to contradict Ivan the Terrible. It is widely believed that the tsar had him murdered on that account. He is venerated as a saint and martyr in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Life
He was born Feodor Stefanovich Kolychov into one of the noblest
Ivan IV of Russia
("Ivan the Terrible").
According to other accounts, he was involved in the conspiracy of Prince
monastic vows), receiving the religious name of Philip. In the monastery he worked at the iron forge and as a baker.[citation needed
]
Eleven years later, Philip was made
Typicon) for the community. Most of Philip's projects in Solovki survive to this day.[citation needed
]
The tsar heard about the indefatigable monk and asked him to fill the vacant
After only two years, however,
Sunday of the Veneration of the Cross, 2 March 1568, when the Tsar came to the cathedral for Divine Liturgy, Philip refused to bless him and publicly rebuked him for the ongoing massacre. The Massacre of Novgorod ensued, and Philip's condemnation followed.[citation needed
]
Ivan eventually
Holy Communion three days earlier.[2]
Commemoration as a saint
After his
incorrupt, and various healings began to be reported. The transfer of his remains from Tver to the Solovki Monastery took place in 1590.[citation needed
]
In 1652,
Tsar Alexis to bring Philip's relics to Moscow, where he was glorified (proclaimed a saint) later that same year. His memory is celebrated three times a year[citation needed
]:
- His main Gregorian Calendar).
- The feast of the translationof his relics is celebrated on 3 July (16 July).
- On 5 October (18 October) he is celebrated as one of the Wonderworkers of All Russia" was established by Patriarch Job in 1596. In 1875, St. Innocent, Metropolitan of Moscowproposed that St. Philip be included with the others.
Appearances in modern media
- Ivan the Terrible, a Soviet era film about Ivan IV of Russia
- Tsar, a 2009 Russian drama film directed by Pavel Lungin.
References
- Kharkov, 1900), p. 22
- ^ a b "Hieromartyr Philip, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia", Orthodox Church in America
Sources
- Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-14-051312-4
External links
- Hieromartyr Philip the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia Orthodox synaxarionfor 9 January
- Translation of the relics of Hieromartyr Philip the Metropolitan of Moscow 3 July
- Synaxis of the Hierarchs of Moscow 5 October
- Translation of the Relics of our Father among the Saints Metropolitan Philip
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