Phosphate rich organic manure
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Phosphate rich organic manure is a type of fertilizer used as an alternative to diammonium phosphate and single super phosphate.
The world consumes around 140 million tons of high grade rock phosphate mineral today, 90% of which goes into the production of diammonium phosphate.[citation needed] Excess application of chemical fertilizers in fact reduces the agricultural production as chemicals destroy natural soil flora and fauna. When diammonium or single super phosphate is applied to the soil only about 30% of the phosphorus is used by the plants, while the rest is converted to forms which cannot be used by the crops, a phenomenon known as the phosphate problem to soil scientists.[citation needed]
Phosphate rich organic manure is produced by co-composting high-grade (32% P2O5 +/- 2%) rock phosphate in very fine size (say 80% finer than 54 microns). The finer the rock phosphate, the better is the agronomic efficiency of Phosphate rich organic manure. Research indicates that this substance may be a more efficient way of adding phosphorus to soil than applying chemical fertilizers.
Phosphorus in rock phosphate mineral is mostly in the form of
Most phosphate rocks can be used for phosphate rich organic manure. It was previously thought that only those rocks which have citric acid soluble phosphate and those of sedimentary origin could be used.[3] Rocks of volcanic origin can be used as long as they are ground to very fine size.
Organic manure should be properly prepared for use in agriculture, reducing the C:N ratio to 30:1 or lower.
Phosphate rich organic manure is known as a green chemistry phosphatic fertilizer. Addition of natural minerals or synthetic oxides in water-insoluble forms that contain micronutrients such as copper, zinc, and cobalt may improve the efficiency of phosphate rich organic manure. Using natural sources of nitrogen, such as azolla, may be more environmentally sound.[6]
Phosphate rich organic Manure under the Fertilizer Control Order
The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperation of the Government of India has approved phosphate rich organic manure and included it under the Fertilizer Control Order. The approved specifications may be seen from Gazette Notification from the website of PROM Society.[7]
References
- ^ "Single Superphosphate" (PDF). Retrieved 11 March 2014.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-07. Retrieved 2009-10-11.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ a b "Nature Precedings". 4 April 2012.
- ^ "How to increase the solubilization of phosphorus for phosphate rich organic manure production?". Researchgate. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
- ^ a b Brady, NC, Nature and Properties of Soils, Collier Macmillan, London,1984.
- ^ "Natural Farming Science on Nature Network". Archived from the original on 2009-09-26. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
- ^ "PROM Society". www.promsociety.net. Retrieved November 22, 2019.
- PMID 10847182.
- Phosphate rich organic manure as fertiliser
- saber.ula.ve
- uctm.edu Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine
- Principles of phosphate Fertilization and PROM – Progress Review 2012
- researchgate.net
- Introducing PROM Technology | Government of India, Department of Fertilizers, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers