Qibi tribe

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Qibi tribe (Chinese: 契苾 ~ 契弊; Middle Chinese: *kʲiei-pɪ̯et;[1] Saka: Kāribari[2]) was a Turkic tribe and a part of Tiele confederation, then Toquz Oghuz and later Uyghur Khaganate. Most famous member of the tribe was Qibi Heli.

Area

According to the epigraphy of Qibi Song (契苾嵩), a

Bogda Mountains during the 6th century. They were related to the Jiepi (解批) of Gaoche, who were situated east of the Fufuluo.[3] In early Tang period, they lived in Yingsuo Prefecture (modern Yanqi 焉耆, Xinjiang).[4] The Qibi were dispersed shortly after the defeat of chief Geleng (哥楞). In the east they were put under the rule of a tudun (吐屯) named Ashina Hubo (阿史那斛勃), who became known as the Chebi Khagan
. After 632, they were located to Yuxi Prefecture (榆溪).

Known members

  1. Qibi Geleng (契苾歌楞) — Khagan of Tiele confederation as Yiwuzhenmohe Qaghan
  2. Qibi Ge (契苾葛) — Prince of Tiele confederation as Baghatur Tegin (莫賀咄特勤)[5]
    1. Qibi Heli (契苾何力) — 1st Duke of Liang (涼國公), general in early Tang dynasty and a companion of Taizong of Tang
      • Qibi Ming (契苾明) (649-695)[6] — 2nd Duke of Liang, general of Tang dynasty
        • Qibi Song (契苾嵩, d. 730) — General of Tang army, 3rd Duke of Liangguo
        • Qibi Zong (契苾嵸, d. 746) — General of the Left Leopard Tao Guard of Tang army (左豹韜衛大將軍)
        • Qibi Fan (契苾番, d. 746) — General of Tang army
        • Qibi Chong (契苾崇, d. 746)
      • Qibi Guang (契苾光, d. ~709) — General of the Guards during reign of Wu Zetian
        • Qibi Qin (契苾嶔, d. 728)
          • Qibi Shangbin (契苾尚賓, 705-733, died at Jingzhao)
        • Qibi Yin (契苾崟)
          • Qibi Liangbin (契苾梁濱)
      • Qibi Zhen (契苾貞) — Secretary of the Palace
      • Qibi Mou (契苾某, d. ~709)
        • Qibi Feng (契苾峰)
          • Qibi Jiabin (契苾嘉賓) — Great General of the Guard in Tang army (衛大將軍)
            • Qibi Yi (契苾漪, d. 814) — Governor of Shengzhou[7] (勝州, near modern Yulin, Shanxi) during Yuanhe era
              • Qibi Tong (契苾通, 774-855) — Governor of Danzhou (846-847), Xianning (847), Weizhou (842), Leping (845), Shengzhou (839), Protector General to Pacify the North (852-854) and Jiedushi of Zhenwu Circuit. Fought against Wujie Qaghan[8]
                • Qibi Gongwen (契苾公文)
                • Qibi Gongying (契苾公應)
                • Qibi Gongyu (契苾公瑜)
                • Qibi Gongwu (契苾公武)
                • Qibi Gongyue (契苾公約)
                • Qibi Gongshou (契苾公綬)
                • Qibi Gongmou (契苾公某)
                • Qibi Gongyi (契苾公廙, d. 881)
                • Qibi Gongdu (契苾公度, d. 881)
    2. Qibi Shamen (契苾沙門) — Chieftain of Qibi tribe under Zhenzhu Khagan

A member of the tribe, Qibi Zhang (契苾璋) was the military governor of Zhenwu Circuit (振武, headquartered in modern Hohhot, Inner Mongolia) from 881 to 882.

References

  1. ^ Peter B. Golden (1992). An Introduction to the History of the Turkic People. O. Harrassowitz. p 156
  2. JSTOR 419253799
    .
  3. OCLC 28622013
    .
  4. ^ Theobald, Ulrich. "Qibi 契苾 (www.chinaknowledge.de)". www.chinaknowledge.de. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  5. ISSN 1344-4824
    .
  6. OCLC 1031157487.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link
    )
  7. ^ Chunlin, Dong. "唐代契苾家族研究 - 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库" [A Research of Qibi Family in the Tang Dynasty]. gb.oversea.cnki.net (in Chinese). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
  8. ^ Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 246.
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