RD-0110
Gas Generator | |
Configuration | |
---|---|
Chamber | 4 |
Performance | |
Thrust, vacuum | 298 kilonewtons (67,000 lbf) |
Thrust-to-weight ratio | 74.36[3] |
Chamber pressure | 6.8 megapascals (990 psi) |
Specific impulse, vacuum | 326 seconds |
Burn time | 250 s |
Dimensions | |
Length | 1,575 millimetres (62.0 in) |
Diameter | 2,240 millimetres (88 in) |
Dry weight | 408.5 kilograms (901 lb) |
Used in | |
Molniya-M Block-I and on most Soyuz Block-I | |
References | |
References | [4] |
The RD-0110 (or RO-8 , RD-0108 , RD-461 ) is a
History
For the crewed carrying Voskhod Block-I, a version of the engine that complied with the human rating 3K Regulations was needed. During 1963 OKB-154 developed this new version of the engine. Known with by the GRAU index 8D715P, the RD-0108 kept the same characteristics and performance of the RD-0107 while fully complying with the crew rating regulations.[11] This engine had its first flight on November 16, 1963, and last flew on June 29, 1976.[4][12]
For the
Design
The RD-0110 was created in a period when KBKhA had just started to design rocket engines. After many studies, simplicity and reliability were the main drivers of the design. For this reason a single shaft integrating the LOX pump, the RG-1 pump and the turbine was chosen. To provide acceptable suction performance, the RD-0110 turbopump has a dual inlet design with back to back centrifugal impellers. This allows it to work at relatively low inlet pressures without requiring additional booster pumps. The turbine is driven by a fuel rich gas generator.[5] The ignition system for both the gas generator and the combustion chamber is done by pyrotechnic devices. The engine control is handled by a regulator, a throttle and a set of valves. It can throttle between 100% and 90.5%, with the option of 107% for a short time in emergencies.[3]
During development, combustion instability issues were observed. The problem was found to be intimately related to the injection system design. It was finally solved by developing an optimized bi-propellant centrifugal atomizer design. During certification testing, high frequency combustion instabilities at start up were still observed. Even though the start instabilities were relatively rare at 1 in 60 to 80, and only on acceptance bench, great effort was made to eliminate the issue. Thanks to acoustic studies and modelling, a solution was found. Six combustible longitudinal felt ribs were placed at the inner surface of the combustion chamber and this solved the issue permanently.[3]
The RD-0110 uses fuel as coolant for the
Production
The RD-0107/0108/0110 engines are produced in the Voronezh Mechanical Plant.[1][7]
Versions
Modifications to the RD-0107 design have led to production of three distinct versions of the engine:
- RD-0107 (GRAU Index: 8D715K), also known as RD-461 or RO-8.[2]Used on unmanned Voskhod boosters.
- RD-0108 ( launches and the first six Molniya M boosters.
- RD-0110 (2.1aand almost all Molniya Ms.
See also
- Molniya-M – The first LV to use the RD-0110.
- Soyuz rocket family – The most flown LV.
- KBKhA– The RD-0110 designer bureau.
- Voronezh Mechanical Plant – A space hardware manufacturer company that manufactures the RD-0110.
- RD-0110R - version of the engine modified for first stage use
References
- ^ a b "Liquid Rocket Engine". Voronezh Mechanical Plant. Archived from the original on 30 May 2015.
- ^ a b c d "RD-0107". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on March 21, 2002. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-56347-183-4. Retrieved 2015-05-30.
- ^ a b c d "RD0107, RD0108, RD0110. Molniya (8K78), Voskhod (8K78M), Soyuz (11A511У) launch vehicles". KBKhA. Archived from the original on 14 October 2011.
- ^ AIAA. July 2005. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ "R-7/Soyuz Data Sheet". Space Launch Report. Archived from the original on 6 August 2010.
- ^ a b c Zak, Anatoly. "RD-0110". russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ "RD-0106". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on March 20, 2002. Retrieved 2015-05-30.
- ^ "RD0105. Luna (8K72) launch vehicle. RD0109. Vostok (8K72K) launch vehicle". KBKhA. Archived from the original on 23 November 2011. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ Pillet, Nicolas. "Liste des lancements Molnia" (in French). Kosmonavtika.com. Retrieved 2015-05-30.
- ^ "Part 9: Launchers for an Early Circumlunar Programme". Cosmopark.ru. Archived from the original on 25 September 2011.
- ^ Pillet, Nicolas. "Liste des lancements Voskhod" (in French). Kosmonavtika.com. Retrieved 2015-05-30.
- ISBN 978-1563476495.