RD-0214

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Not to be confused with RD-214.
RD-0214 (РД-0214)
Country of origin
Proton
third stage

The RD-0214 (

Proton third stage. It is a revised version of the RD-0207.[4]

Development

When

RD-0203, but required a vernier engine. To this end, the RD-0207 vernier engine was designed. It also included a heat exchanger to heat the pressurant gases for the second stage tank.[4][6][7] While the UR-200 project was in direct competition to the R-36 and was cancelled in favor of the latter, it did have a few test launches and thus was a proven design.[4][6][7]

Then Chelomey moved his proposals to the super

RD-0213 and an RD-0214 vernier engine. Many reliability enhancements were done and much extra test firings were performed. Yet, even as of 2015 design issues were found to have caused failures.[4][8][9][10]

History

The first launch test of the UR-200 was on November 5, 1963, and was unsuccessful. The second vehicle, launched on April 11, 1964, also failed. The final RD-0207 flight was on October 20, 1964.

The first RD-0214 flight was on October 3, 1967.

On September 15, 1968, the RD-0214 module launched the

free return trajectory, that sent the first alive organisms around the moon and back to Earth.[11]

On 19 May 1971 a Proton launched the Mars 2 probe to Mars. The orbiter was identical to the Venera 9 bus, and the lander was the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars.[11]

On 8 June 1975 a Proton launched the Venera 9 to Venus. It consisted of an orbiter based on the Mars 2 design, and a lander that sent the first pictures from the surface of Venus.[11]

Versions

There are two basic versions of this engine:

  • RD-0207 (
    RD-0205 propulsion module. It has four combustion chambers that can gimbal 45 degrees in a single plane and allow the UR-200 second stage to have vector control.[5]
  • RD-0214 (
    RD-0213. It has four combustion chambers that can gimbal 45 degrees in a single plane and allow the Proton third stage to have vector control.[12]

Modules

These engines are actually bundled into modules. The relevant modules and auxiliary engines are:

See also

References

  1. ^ "RD-0203, RD-0204, RD-0205, RD-0206, RD-0207. Intercontinental ballistic missile UR-200". KBKhA. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "RD0208, RD0209 Launch Vehicle Proton (8K82H-4 two stages). RD0210, RD0211, RD0212 (RD0213, RD0214) Launch Vehicle Proton (8K82K, 8K82KM three stages)". KBKhA. Archived from the original on 15 August 2015.
  3. ^ Pillet, Nicolas. "Le troisième étage du lanceur Proton" (in French). Kosmonavtika.com. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Zak, Anatoly. "RD-0212 engine". www.russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  5. ^ a b c "RD-0207". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on June 25, 2002. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  6. ^ a b Zak, Anatoly. "UR-200 / 8K81 / SS-X-10". www.russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  7. ^ a b "UR-200". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on May 2, 2002. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  8. ^ Zak, Anatoly. "Birth of Proton: The Iconic Rocket That Almost Wasn't". www.russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  9. ^ Zak, Anatoly. "Proton's second stage". www.russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  10. ^ Zak, Anatoly. "Proton's third stage". www.russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  11. ^ a b c "KBKHA LIQUID ROCKET ENGINES, WHICH ENSURED THE SUCCESSFUL REALIZATION OF THE ADVANCED SPACE PROGRAMS (FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THE WORLD)". KBKhA. Archived from the original on 15 August 2015.
  12. ^ "RD-0214". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on June 25, 2002. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  13. ^ "RD-0205". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on August 26, 2002. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
  14. ^ "RD-0212". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on June 2, 2002. Retrieved 2015-06-08.

External links

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