Religion in South Ossetia
Christianity in South Ossetia was first introduced through
Uatsdin, also practiced in North Ossetia, is a prominent minority faith in South Ossetia. It reflects the Iranian origins of the Ossetians, as well as later Christian influence. As the Ossetians were never fully converted to Christianity, Ossetian traditional religion has remained visible in South Ossetian society.
The capital of South Ossetia, Tskhinvali, historically had a large Jewish population, outnumbering the Georgians and Ossetians at some points. The community declined throughout the Soviet period, and by the 1990s, the vast majority of the Jews in South Ossetia had emigrated, mainly to Russia and Israel.
Demographics
South Ossetia is mostly ethnically Ossetian,[1] with minorities of Georgians.[2] The majority of Ossetians are Orthodox Christians,[3] and the Orthodox Church remains an prominent aspect of South Ossetian society. Traditional pagan elements are often syncretized with Orthodox Christianity.[4] The number of practitioners of Ossetian traditional religion is difficult to estimate, but it is a significant portion of the population.[5] Unlike in North Ossetia, where Muslims form a significant minority, Islam is absent from South Ossetia.[6] Many ethnic Ossetians who identify as Christian or Muslim participate in traditional values and rituals, and throughout North and South Ossetia, popular practice of folk religion exceeds that in churches.[7]
History
Christianity
South Ossetia, like
During the Soviet period, religious practice declined as the South Ossetians were Sovietized, and the Georgian Church neglected the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast.[9] There were no active churches in South Ossetia during the Soviet period; during perestroika, one church was founded near Nikozi (in Georgia proper) to serve ethnic Georgians from South Ossetia.[12]
From 1990, a religious revival with
Traditional religion and neo-paganism
Ossetian ethnic religion, most commonly known as
One major annual ritual in South Ossetia takes place at the
Judaism
The Jewish population of Tskhinvali was repressed in the 1930s, and all but one synagogue was shut down by the authorities.[32] The community declined throughout the 20th century as Jews moved elsewhere, particularly to Russia and Israel.[35] During the 1991–1992 war, all but 17 of the Jews in the city fled, and the Jewish quarter was heavily damaged.[36] During the Russo-Georgian War of 2008, only one Jew, an elderly woman, remained in South Ossetia. The Tskhinvali synagogue, largely unused for decades, was damaged by Georgian rocket fire as people were sheltering in its basement.[37][38]
Religious freedom
The
See also
References
Citations
- ^ a b c Foltz 2019, p. 317.
- ^ a b Merabishvili & Metreveli 2021, p. 8.
- Permanent Committee on Geographical Names. 2007. p. 1. Archived(PDF) from the original on 2024-02-23. Retrieved 2024-02-26.
- ^ Conroy 2015, p. 622: "Recent poll data shows approximately 60 percent of Ossetians are Orthodox, often in combination with traditional (pagan) beliefs... the Orthodox church remains an important factor in South Ossetia either way, for political—if not religious—reasons."
- ^ Foltz 2019, p. 330: "Estimating the actual number of those who practice the Ossetian popular religion is impossible, but clearly there are many thousands of sympathizers throughout North and South Ossetia and beyond."
- ^ Dzeranov 2015, p. 11.
- ^ Foltz 2019, pp. 330–331.
- ^ Matsuzato 2010, p. 271.
- ^ a b Conroy 2015, p. 632.
- ^ Foltz 2019, p. 316.
- ^ Khodarkovsky 1999, pp. 412–413.
- ^ a b Matsuzato 2010, p. 274.
- ^ a b Matsuzato 2010, p. 283.
- ^ Conroy 2015, pp. 623, 629.
- ^ a b Guliev 2012, p. 104.
- ^ Matsuzato 2010, p. 284.
- ^ Conroy 2015, pp. 632–633.
- ^ Conroy 2015, p. 629.
- ^ Matsuzato 2010, p. 286.
- ^ Conroy 2015, p. 633.
- ^ Foltz 2019, pp. 327–328.
- ^ Foltz 2019, p. 325.
- ^ Foltz 2019, pp. 325–327.
- ^ Foltz 2019, pp. 321–322.
- ^ Foltz 2019, p. 314, 316.
- ^ Foltz 2019, pp. 316–317.
- ^ Foltz 2019, pp. 325, 327–328.
- ^ Foltz 2019, p. 331.
- ^ Foltz 2019, pp. 323–324.
- ^ Shnirelman 2002, pp. 204–205.
- ^ Lomtadze & Janjghava 2018, p. 17–18.
- ^ a b c d e "Цхинвали" [Tskhinvali]. Shorter Jewish Encyclopedia (in Russian). Vol. 9. 1999. Archived from the original on 2022-09-29. Retrieved 2024-02-26.
- ^ Lomtadze & Janjghava 2018, pp. 19–20.
- ^ Lomtadze & Janjghava 2018, p. 18.
- ^ Lomtadze & Janjghava 2018, p. 19.
- ^ "Georgia's Jewish Heritage Imperiled with Talk of War". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 25 February 2008. Archived from the original on 24 April 2023. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ "Empty synagogue gives shelter in Georgian war". NBC News. Associated Press. 22 August 2008. Archived from the original on 22 February 2024. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Конституция" [Constitution] (in Russian). Government of the Republic of South Ossetia. Archived from the original on 2 October 2022. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ^ U.S. Department of State. 2022. Archivedfrom the original on 2024-02-29. Retrieved 2024-02-29.
Bibliography
- Conroy, Kristina (Autumn 2015). "Semi-Recognized States and Ambiguous Churches: The Orthodox Church in South Ossetia and Abkhazia". JSTOR 24708446.
- Dzeranov, T. E. (2015). "История принятия ислама в Осетии (Алании)" [History of the Adoption of Islam in Ossetia (Alania)]. Актуальные проблемы гуманитарных и естественных наук (in Russian). 12 (6).
- .
- Guliev, Elmir (2012). "The Future of Religion in the Central Caucasus: From the Soviet Union's Disintegration to the New Caucasian Policy". The Caucasus & Globalization. 6 (1). ISSN 1819-7353.
- Khodarkovsky, Michael (June 1999). "Of Christianity, Enlightenment, and Colonialism: Russia in the North Caucasus, 1550–1800". doi:10.1086/235251.
- Lomtadze, T.; Janjghava, T. (2018). "Linguistic Competence of Tskhinvali Jews" (PDF). Язык и Культура. 21 (6). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-02-23. Retrieved 2024-02-26.
- Matsuzato, Kimitaka (Spring 2010). "South Ossetia and the Orthodox World: Official Churches, the Greek Old Calendarist Movement, and the So-called Alan Diocese". JSTOR 23921867.
- Merabishvili, Gela; Metreveli, Tornike (May 2021). "Spiritual geopolitics of Georgia's territorial integrity". .
- .
Further reading
- ISBN 9780755618453.
- ISBN 9780691211527.
External links
- Media related to Religion in South Ossetia at Wikimedia Commons