Replicas of the Jewish Temple
Replicas of the Jewish Temple are scale models or authentic buildings that attempt to replicate either the Temple of Solomon or the Second Temple (Herod's Temple) in Jerusalem.
Scale models
Judah Leon model
In the seventeenth century, Rabbi Jacob Judah Leon of Amsterdam (1602–1675) built a widely exhibited model of the Temple based on his understanding of the biblical specifications.[1]
Schott model
Another notable model was constructed by Gerhard Schott (1641–1702), follows an interpretation made by the Spanish Jesuit
Conrad Schick models
Conrad Schick constructed a series of replicas of the Jewish Temple. His replica of the Biblical Tabernacle was visited in Jerusalem by several crowned heads of state, toured the United Kingdom, and was exhibited at the 1873 Vienna World's Fair. It was purchased by the King of Württemberg, who awarded Schick a knighthood in recognition of his work. Schick built a replica of the contemporary Temple Mount and Dome of the Rock for the Ottoman Sultan. His final model, in four sections, each representing the Temple Mount as it appeared in a particular era, was exhibited at the St. Louis World's Fair of 1904.[3][4]
A scale model existed at the Chachmei Lublin Yeshiva, but was destroyed during World War II. Two of Schick's models are located in the basement of the Schmidt school for girls in east Jerusalem, near the Damascus Gate.[citation needed]
Another of Schick's models is at the Bijbels Museum ("Biblical Museum") in Amsterdam.
Avi-Yonah model
The Israel Museum in Jerusalem houses the Holyland Model of Jerusalem, a model of Jerusalem in the Late 2nd Temple Period originally constructed by archeologist Michael Avi-Yonah at the Holyland hotel.
Other models
The
Alec Garrard of Norfolk, UK, worked for 30 years creating a 1:100 scale model of Herod's Temple. His model has been recognized as the most authentic version of the temple in the world.[7]
The
Building-sized replicas of the Temple
In 2009, Jews from settlements Mitzpe Yeriho in the West Bank, began to build a life-size replica of the Temple of Jerusalem.[9]
In 2010 the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God started the construction of a replica of Solomon's temple in São Paulo, Brazil. According to local press reports, the building would be an "exact replica" of the ancient Temple of Solomon,[10] but with increased dimensions, despite resembling considerably more Herod's Temple.[citation needed] The temple was inaugurated in July 2014. The mega-church seats 10,000 worshipers and stands 180 feet tall, the height of an 18-story building.
Buildings evoking the Temple
A number of churches and synagogues have been designed to evoke the Temple. The most famous of them is the
The Old Whalers Church in Sag Harbor, New York was built in 1844 by architect Minard Lafever as a replica of the Temple.[13][14]
The 1906 building of
The 1909 building of the
A handful of
Replicas in the form of the Dome of the Rock
During and after the Christian conquest of Jerusalem, the
These replicas include the octagonal, fifteenth-century
In art, both Perugino's Marriage of the Virgin and Raphael's The Marriage of the Virgin both show the Temple as a Renaissance version of the Dome of the Rock.[24]
Replicas of the tabernacle
The Glencairn Museum in Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania has a replica of the biblical tabernacle dating from 1922.[25] The Mennonite Information Center in Lancaster, Pennsylvania had a replica dating from the 1940s.[26][27]
The Mishkan Shiloh synagogue in
In Israel,
References
- ^ Al L. Shane, Jacob Judah Leon of Amsterdam (1602–1675) and his models of the Temple of Solomon and the Tabernacle, Ars Quatuor Coronatorum, 96, 1983, pp. 145-169
- ^ The Temple of Jerusalem by Simon Goldhill, Harvard University Press, 2005, p. 140
- ^ Simon Goldhill, The Temple of Jerusalem, Harvard University Press, 129
- ^ H. Goren and R. Rubin, "Conrad Schick's Models of Jerusalem and its Monuments", PEQ 128 (1996), pp. 103-124
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ Temple Square North Visitors' Center (2012-02-21). "Temple Square North Visitors' Center". churchofjesuschrist.org. Retrieved 2013-10-15.
- ^ A model of biblical proportions: man spends 30 years creating a model of Herod's Temple
- ^ Branham, Joan R. "The Temple That Won't Quit". Harvard Divinity Bulletin. 36, No. 3 (Autumn 2008). Retrieved 23 March 2021.
- ^ Fanatycy budują replikę Świątyni Jerozolimskiej [on-line], [w:] "Dziennik" [dostęp: 9.10.2009].
- ^ Réplica do Templo de Salomão deve custar R$ 200 milhões Eduardo Reina, 22 de julho de 2010, O Estado de S.Paulo.
- ISBN 90-6550-822-8.
- ^ Simbology [sic] and projective genesis in architecture: El Escorial and the Temple of Solomon, by Juan Rafael de la Cuadra Blanco, Ph. Dr. Architect.
- ^ "The Rise of Eclecticism in New York, Talbot Hamlin, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. 11, No. 2 (May, 1952), pp. 3-8.
- ^ "The Architecture of Minard Lafever, Jacob Landy New York, Columbia University Press, 1970, pp. 230, 287.
- ^ The Jews of Boston, Sarna, Jonathan D., and Smith, Ellen, editors, Boston, 1995, p. 177
- ^ Hamblin, William J. and Seeely, David Rolph, Solomon's Temple; Myth and History, Thames and Hudson, 2007, p. 109
- ^ Sergey R. Kravtsov, "Reconstruction of the Temple by Charles Chipiez and Its Application in Architecture", Ars Judaica, Vol. 4, 2008
- ^ "LDS Temples - Mormon Temples - Temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints". Ldschurchtemples.com. Retrieved 2013-10-15.
- ^ Hamblin, William J. and Seeely, David Rolph, Solomon's Temple; Myth and History, Thames and Hudson, 2007, p. 191–3
- ^ James Stevens Curl, The Art and Architecture of Freemasonry, Overlook Press, New York, 1991, 56 -62
- ^ Babbs, Sean. "Research Guides: HIST 2220 War and Society (Jobin) - An Introduction to Works Held in Rare and Distinctive Collections: The Crusades in Medieval and Early Modern Literature and Art". libguides.colorado.edu. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
- ISBN 978-3-8467-5466-5, retrieved 2023-12-09
- ^ Imagining the Holy Land: maps, models, and fantasy travels by Burke O. Long, Indiana University Press, 2002, pp. 28 ff.
- ^ The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance, Jacob Burckhardt, Peter Murray, James C. Palmes, University of Chicago Press, 1986, p. 81
- ^ "Home". Glencairn Museum. Retrieved 2013-10-15.
- ^ "Mennonite Information Center". Mennoniteinfoctr.com. Retrieved 2013-10-15.
- ^ "Rising up; Tabernacle replica in Gordonville fixed after storm", Lancaster New Era, Lancaster, June 15, 2002,: Joan Kern
- ^ ON THE ROAD TO SHILO by Yocheved Aron
- ^ Jewish Journal, July 14, 2005, "Hit Biblical Jackpot at Timna's Mines", Lisa Alcalay Klug
- ^ The Tabernacle – Shadows of the Messiah: Its Sacrifices, Services, and Priesthood, David M. Levy, Kregel Publications, 2003, p. 91