Roman, Romania
Roman | |
---|---|
History Museum in Roman (Nevruzzi House) The Roman railway station | |
Coordinates: 46°55′48″N 26°55′48″E / 46.93000°N 26.93000°E | |
Country | Romania |
County | Neamț |
Government | |
• Mayor (2020–2024) | Leonard Achiriloaei[1] (PNL) |
Area | 30.08 km2 (11.61 sq mi) |
Elevation | 195 m (640 ft) |
Population (2021-12-01)[2] | 48,644 |
• Density | 1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi) |
Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
Postal code | 611001–611162 |
Area code | (+40) 02 33 |
Vehicle reg. | NT |
Website | www |
Roman (pronounced [ˈroman] ⓘ) is a city located in the central part of Western Moldavia, a traditional region of Romania. It is located 46 km (29 mi) east of Piatra Neamț, in Neamț County at the confluence of the rivers Siret and Moldova.
Its name was taken from Moldavian Voivode Roman I of Moldavia. From here prince Roman realized the centralization of Moldavia, the city of Roman being the capital of the Lower Country of Moldavia (Romanian: Țara de Jos).
Geography
Roman is located in north-eastern Romania, in Neamț County, in the historic region of Moldavia, at the mouth of the Moldova River, a tributary to the Siret. The nearest large city is Bacău, 40 km (25 mi) away on national road DN2 and on the CFR Suceava–Bucharest railway; Piatra Neamț, the county capital, is 46 km away and Iași, the historic capital of Moldavia, is 80 km (50 mi) away.
History
The earliest mention of the city is in the
Roman became a diocesan see in September 14, 1408, when Voivode Roman I's son,
Later on in the late 15th century,
In 1569, Lady Ruxandra Lăpușneanu built an Orthodox church dedicated to the Holy Virgin (Precista Mare) on the same spot the eponym church is placed today. In 1595, the church Sfinții Voievozi was built. The current Armenian Orthodox Church was built in 1610. Some demographic data from 1641, recorded by the Vicar of Sofia, who was passing through Roman, shows there were 1,500 Eastern Orthodox, 450 Armenian Orthodox, and 30 Hungarian Catholics. A major personality of the city was Orthodox bishop Dosoftei, who translated the Psalter into Romanian in 1665–1671. In December 1691, Miron Costin, one of the first historians and writers in Romanian, was decapitated here on the orders of Prince Constantin Cantemir (Dimitrie Cantemir's father). Costin was in custody, being carried from Bărboși to Iași, where he hoped to prove his innocence; a few days earlier, the chronicler's brother had been killed in Iași, being believed to have attempted to obtain the throne for himself.
The first hospital in Roman was built in 1798 on the place where the Municipal Hospital Precista Mare is located today. Talmud Torah, one of the first Jewish schools in the Principality of Moldova, was inaugurated in 1817, an important event in itself as Moldova did not grant citizenship to Jews.
Roman became a railway hub in the 19th century, when the second railway in Romania was opened in December 1869, from Roman to Suceava (Ițcani). One year later, on December 27, 1870, The Bucharest-Galați-Roman railway was also opened, linking Roman to the capital via Mărășești, Tecuci, Galați, Brăila, and Buzău. Right after the inauguration, this railway was closed due to technical problems, but it was reestablished on September 13, 1872. At the same time, after a reluctant government gave its long-waited approval, the first high school of the city, Roman-Vodă, was opened on September 30 in the building that is still in use today as that of School No. 1.
In the Communist era, the city lost the county capital status, being included, in 1950-1952 and 1956–1968, in Bacău Region, in 1952–1956 in Iași Region, and then, in 1968, in Neamț County. It also became the target of industrialization: in 1957, the steel tubes factory started production. Roman became an important industrial center in Romania.
After the
Natives
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1859 | 10,818 | — |
1899 | 16,288 | +50.6% |
1912 | 18,128 | +11.3% |
1930 | 28,823 | +59.0% |
1948 | 23,701 | −17.8% |
1956 | 27,948 | +17.9% |
1966 | 39,012 | +39.6% |
1977 | 51,132 | +31.1% |
1992 | 80,328 | +57.1% |
2002 | 69,483 | −13.5% |
2011 | 50,713 | −27.0% |
2021 | 48,644 | −4.1% |
Source: Census data |
- Ion S. Antoniu
- Daniel Baston
- Ernest Broșteanu
- F. Brunea-Fox
- Sergiu Celibidache
- Corneliu Codreanu (footballer)
- Gheorghe Dănilă
- Iliuță Dăscălescu
- Constantin Drugă
- Zicman Feider
- Gheorghe Flondor
- Bianca Ghelber
- Serban Ghenea
- Adrian Gheorghiu
- Virgil Gheorghiu (poet)
- Ion V. Gruia
- Ion Ionescu de la Brad
- Dumitru Irimia
- Constantin Istrati
- Ana Maria Iuganu
- Mihail Jora
- Zizi Lambrino
- Ciprian Manea
- Andreea Marin
- George Radu Melidon
- Petru Th. Missir
- Vasile Morțun
- Tereza Pîslaru
- Mădălin Popa
- Cornel Popescu
- Andrei Răuță
- Paul Riegler
- Nae Roman
- Simona Spiridon
- Sandu Sticlaru
- Ion Strat
- Sorin Tabacariu
- Sorin Ovidiu Vântu
- Haralamb Zincă
Twin towns – sister cities
- Dilijan, Armenia
- Edineț, Moldova
- Gedera, Israel
- Grugliasco, Italy
- Ștefan Vodă, Moldova
- Sunchang, South Korea
- Samothraki, Greece
References
- ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
- ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- ^ "Înfrățiri". primariaroman.ro (in Romanian). Roman. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
- ^ Vlăduț, Clapa (2022-11-10). "Municipiul Roman, pact de amiciție cu orașul Samothraki, Prefectura Evros - Republica Elenă". Romanul Financiar (in Romanian). Retrieved 2022-11-11.
External links
- Roman-Romania.ro – website
- (in Romanian) Ziarul de Roman – Local newspaper
- History of Roman Jews Archived 2019-09-16 at the Wayback Machine
- Melidonium Archived 2014-10-12 at the Wayback Machine magazine
- Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. .