Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570)

Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570)
	Part of the Russo-Turkish Wars
Date	1568–1570
Location	Astrakhan and Azov
Result	Russian victory
Belligerents
Russia	Ottoman Empire Crimea;
Commanders and leaders
Ivan the Terrible; Pyotr Serebrianyi	Selim II ; Sokollu Mehmed Pasha ; Mustafa Pasha ; Devlet I Giray
Strength
30,000 troops	20,000 troops; 30,000–50,000 troops
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Heavy. Over two-thirds of the forces perished.; Ottoman fleet scattered.;

The Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570) or Don-Volga-Astrakhan campaign of 1569^[3] (referred to in Ottoman sources as the Astrakhan Expedition) was a war between the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire over the Astrakhan Khanate. It was the first of twelve Russo-Turkish wars ending with World War I in 1914-18.

In 1556, the Astrakhan Khanate was conquered by Ivan the Terrible, who had a new fortress built on a steep hill overlooking the Volga.^[4]

In 1568, the

Ottoman Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, who was the real power in the administration of the Ottoman Empire under Selim II, initiated the first encounter between the Ottoman Empire and her future northern arch-rival Russia. The results presaged the many disasters to come. A plan to unite the Volga and Don by a canal was detailed in Constantinople

.

In the summer of 1569 in response to Russia's interference in Ottoman commercial and religious pilgrimages, the Ottoman Empire sent a large force under Mustafa Pasha of 20,000 Turks and 50,000

Terek River.^[5]

In 1572 was the battle of Molodi in which the Ottomans dispatched another large force to support the Crimean Khanate however they were defeated.

References

^ Janet Martin, Medieval Russia: 980-1584, (Cambridge University Press, 1996), 356.
^ Садиков П. А. Поход татар и турок на Астрахань в 1569 г. // «Исторические записки». — М., 1947. — Т. 22.
^ DeVries, Kelly Robert (2014-05-01). "The European tributary states of the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries". Choice. 51 (9).
^ Martin 1996, p. 354.
^ ^a ^b Martin 1996, p. 356-357.

Sources

Attila Weiszhár and Balázs Weiszhár: Lexicon of Wars, Atheneaum publisher, Budapest 2004.
Martin, Janet (1996). Medieval Russia:980-1584. Cambridge University Press.

[1] Janet Martin, Medieval Russia: 980-1584, (Cambridge University Press, 1996), 356.

[2] Садиков П. А. Поход татар и турок на Астрахань в 1569 г. // «Исторические записки». — М., 1947. — Т. 22.

[3] DeVries, Kelly Robert (2014-05-01). "The European tributary states of the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries". Choice. 51 (9).

[FOOTNOTEMartin1996354-4] Martin 1996, p. 354.

[FOOTNOTEMartin1996356-357-5] Martin 1996, p. 356-357.

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