Saint Catherine Street
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Native name | rue Sainte-Catherine (French) |
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Length | 11.2 km (7.0 mi) |
Location | Westmount and Montreal |
West end | De Maisonneuve Boulevard, Westmount |
Major junctions | R-112 |
East end | Notre-Dame Street, Hochelaga-Maisonneuve |
Sainte-Catherine Street (
A series of interconnected office tower basements and shopping complexes line the street, parallel to the largest segments of Montreal's
Nine metro stations serve as access to Sainte-Catherine Street, whereby it passes through residential neighbourhoods, the Quartier des spectacles and the downtown core. It also offers ease of access to the Underground Pedestrian Network.[3]
History
Sainte-Catherine Street has been a major landmark in Montreal for over a century. However, it is not known exactly when it was built as it was never part of a city plan. Instead, it just happened to be a highly frequented street. The street particularly began to grow after 1736.
At the end of the 19th century, English merchants set up shop along the western portion of the street. This led to a surge in department stores in Philips Square.[3] Sainte-Catherine Street East held home to industry in the 1870s. Traditionally francophone, it became a commercial artery during this time. This is still seen today, with large stores, entertainment venues, cinemas and theatres continuing to attract commercial traffic.[3]
It is not known exactly where the name 'Sainte-Catherine Street' originated, but there are three prevalent theories: The first theory, by Cléphas Saint-Aubin, states the name intends to honour Catherine de Bourbonnais (the suspected illegitimate child of
Throughout the 18th century, Montreal had no municipal council. All administrative issues pertaining to roads were the responsibility of the Justices of the Peace. In the late 18th century, the Roads Act of 1796 allowed justices to approve or deny road construction and funding for roads. Further, landowners and farmers were pressured to pay for the construction of streets. Road inspectors, like Montreal's first mayor, Jacques Viger, were appointed; their responsibilities were to ensure roads like Sainte-Catherine Street were level, drained and aligned properly, and adequately paved.[2]
Construction and development
Sainte-Catherine Street was never formally planned, and as a result, it historically grew in different sections.[2] There were four distinct stages of development:
The first stage, from Saint-Alexandre Street to Sanguinet Road, saw significant growth between 1758 and 1788. The street was 24 feet wide at this time.
The second stage started in 1820 and ended in 1860. The eastern part of the street was extended past Sanguinet to Panet, and the western section of the street was extended from Saint-Alexandre Street to
The third stage followed on from 1860, and lasted until 1890. In 1872, Sainte-Catherine advanced west to Greene Avenue, pushing past Victoria Avenue in the 1880s. In the east, the street extended to De Lorimier Avenue and Fullum Road by 1863—where it reaches to Du Havre in the next couple of years.[2]
The fourth and final stage of development occurred from 1890 to 1910. By 1890, there had been sections that had been built in the neighborhoods of Hochelaga and Maisonneuve, and in 1910, the street stretched to Vimont Street.[2]
In the 1950s, in order to complete the entirety of the street, segments were added on either end of the street. In the east it hooked into Notre-Dame Street, and in the west it joined with De Maisonneauve Boulevard.
Growing popularity
By the end of the 19th century, Sainte-Catherine became known as the entertainment hub of Montreal.[4]
By 1850, horse-drawn streetcars habitually lined the street. Later in 1864, the first electric-powered tramway—provided by the Montreal City Passenger Railway—was introduced .[2] This allowed workers to get to and from their jobs in other parts of the city, as well as retail workers to the many department stores that had started up on Sainte-Catherine following World War I. This included stores like Scoggie's, Goodwin's, Morgan's, Eaton's, Simpson's, Ogilvy's and Dupuis, as well as jewellery stores like Birks.[5]
In 1890, evening entertainment began to boom, with both English and French theatres, as well as the
Retailers
St. Catherine Street has been home to many of Montreal's prominent department stores, including such former retailers as
Today, the
Other major retailers along the street include an
The Montreal Forum, once home to the Montreal Canadiens, is also located on St. Catherine Street at Atwater Street. Since its opening, it has been turned into a shopping and movie theatre complex, called the 'Pepsi Forum'. Due to the Forum's presence on this street, St. Catherine was used as the parade route for locals when the Canadiens won the Stanley Cup.[7] This was once referred to as "the usual route" by Mayor Jean Drapeau, during the Canadiens' dynasties of the mid-century, when a win would frequently occur.[8]
The street's segment in the district of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve is also an important commercial area in that neighbourhood.
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Banana Republic store at the corner of McGill College Avenue.
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Place Montreal Trust shopping centre.
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H&M store at the corner of Peel Street.
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Ogilvy's department store in Montreal
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Montreal's Apple Store.
Car-free events
For one weekend in July every year, Saint-Catherine Street hosts Canada's largest open-air sidewalk sale. It is estimated that over 300,000 people visit the downtown during this event.[9] 2 km (1 mi) of the street between Jeanne-Mance Street and St. Mark is closed to vehicular traffic, and vendors from nearby shopping centres bring out their sale merchandise. There is also live entertainment along the street.[3]
Transit
The
Culture
Montreal's
Places of worship
Sainte-Catherine is also home to
Gay Village
Montreal's Gay Village (
For most of the summer—mid-May till mid-September—Sainte-Catherine Street is completely closed to vehicular traffic through the Gay Village. This makes it one large pedestrian area allowing stores to sell outside and restaurants and bars to serve on large, open-air terrasses.
Summer is also punctuated with special events and festivals, such as the art festival FIMA, Festival International Montréal en arts, Pride Celebrations and Divers/Cité.
Parks and Green Spaces
In addition to Phillips and Cabot squares, there are a few green spaces on Sainte-Catherine Street: Dorchester-Clarke and Landsdowne parks in Westmount, Place Émilie-Gamelin next to the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Jos -Montferrand, Edmond-Hamelin Park and Morgan Park.
Gallery
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Sainte-Catherine at Saint Laurent Boulevard in 1893
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Saint Lawrenceand Saint Catherine Streets, 1905.
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In 1930 atStanley Street
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In 1943 atMontagne
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Until October 2014, aStanley St.
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Fogarty's Factory, corner St. Catherine and St. Lawrence Main Streets, Eugene Haberer, 1871
References
- ^ "Grace Dart Extended Care Centre". Grace Dart Extended Care Centre. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ^ OCLC 706909723.
- ^ a b c d e "Sainte-Catherine Street | Tourisme Montréal". www.mtl.org. Retrieved 2020-11-03.
- ^ a b Cooper, John Irwin (1942). Montreal, the Story of Three Hundred Years. Montreal: L'Imprimerie de Lamirande.
- ^ OCLC 1053883884.
- ^ Alan, Stewart. "Montréal's St. Catherine Street Shopping District". Canadian Museum of History. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
- ^ "Montreal Forum Pepsi Forum Entertainment Complex". Mediaventures. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
- ^ Short, Robin. "ROBIN SHORT: Perhaps Habs' hierarchy should worry about what happens on the ice". The ChronicleHerald. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
- ^ La grande braderie estivale (in French) Archived 2007-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Visitors". Société de transport de Montréal. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
- ^ "Christ Church Cathedral". Christ Church Cathedral. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
- ^ "Home - Square St. James". stjamesmontreal.ca. Retrieved 2020-01-30.