Sepandārmazgān

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Sepandārmazgān
Frequencyannual

Sepandārmazgān (

Persian Empire, the Achaemenid Empire.[1]
This day is dedicated to
Spandarmad.[1] When the name of the day and the month of the day were the same, a "name-feast" celebration was always done.[1]
According to the testimony of
Fahla.[2]

Barzegaran Festival

The jashn-e barzegarán (Festival of Agriculturists), is celebrated in Iran also on the 5th day of Spandarmad month (the Spandarmad day). People pray for good harvest, honor the deity of Earth Spandārmad, and put signs on doors to destroy evil spirits.[3]

The observation of this festival has been revived in modern Iran, where it is mostly set on the 5th day of

24 February.[contradictory] The modern festival is a celebration day of love towards mothers and wives.[4]

Historical festival

Descriptions of this festival are given in medieval historiographical sources such as

Biruni and Abu al-Hasan al-Mas'udi
.

According to Biruni, it was a day where women rested and men had to bring them gifts. In the section about Persian calendar,

Biruni writes in The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries that:[5]

On the 5th day or Isfahdmah-Roz (day of Isfand), there is a feast on account of the identity of the names of the month and the day. Isfandarmah is charged with the care of the earth and with that the good, chaste, and beneficient wife who loves her husband. In the past times, this was a special feast of the women, when the men used to make them liberal presents. This custom is still flourishing in

Fahla
. In Persian it is called Mardgiran.

Furthermore,

Biruni notes that on this day, commoners ate raisins and pomegranate seeds.[5]
According to Gardizi, this celebration was special for women, and they called this day also mard-giran (possessing of men).

Modern revival

The revival of the festival dates to the Pahlavi dynasty, advocated by Ebrahim Pourdavoud as "Nurses' Day" (روز پرستار) in 1962.[6]

The date of the modern festival is on the 5th of Esfand in the Iranian calendar (24 February) due to the reorganization of the calendar, once by Omar Khayyam in the 11th century.

See also

  • Persian culture
  • Iranian woman

Notes

  1. ^ a b c M. Boyce, "Textual sources for the study of Zoroastrianism", University of Chicago Press, 1990. pp. 19–20
  2. ^ Boyce, 1990, p. 69
  3. ISBN 9780674015173
  4. ^ Bahrami, Askar, Jashnhā-ye Irāniān, Tehran: Daftar-e Pazhuheshha-ye Farhangi, 1383, p. 89; Habib Borjian, “KASHAN vi. THE ESBANDI FESTIVAL,” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2012, XVI/1, pp. 29-32, available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kashan-vi-the-esbandi-festival
  5. ^ a b The Chronology Of Ancient Nations, trans.Edward Sachau. London: Elibron Classics, 2005
  6. ^ مجموعه مقالات آناهیتا (Anahita Proceedings), Tehran University Publications, 1962 (1342), p 165.
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