Seriola
Seriola | |
---|---|
Greater amberjack (S. dumerili) | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Carangiformes |
Family: | Carangidae |
Subfamily: | Naucratinae |
Genus: | Seriola G. Cuvier, 1816 |
Type species | |
Caranx dumerili
A. Risso, 1810[1] | |
Synonyms[2] | |
Seriola is a genus of
Most Seriola species are either
The genus name Seriola is from the Italian for the Mediterranean populations of the type species of the genus, the greater amberjack.[6]
Though most of the Seriola species are considered "amberjacks", the species Seriola hippos (samson fish) is not.
Aquaculture
More than 150,000 tonnes of Seriola are produced through
Several trials are underway for land-based Seriola culture,[5] but currently, most Seriola fish are produced in cages, either in nearshore pens or in high-technology, submersible cages out in the open ocean. They are fed a range of diets, from trash fish to basic compound feeds to complex, formulated, compound feeds.[7]
As is the case with the majority of aquaculture species, the farming of Seriola has associated environmental or other impacts.[5][7]
- Capture of wild stocks for culture (ecosystems.
- Environmental concerns exist over certain feeds used (piscivorousspecies.
- parasitesand subsequent infection of wild fish, as well as between farms.
- Escape of cultured fish is also a concern, which can have effects on wild stocks in terms of competition, predation, and genetic alterations, depending on vulnerability and robustness.
- A risk of pollution and habitat effects via nutrient losses and chemical additives always remains, which can cause problems depending on habitat vulnerability and where the farms are in relation to the coast.
With effective management of regulations and good farming practices, these problems can be avoided.[7] To address these impacts, the WWF is creating the Seriola and Cobia Aquaculture Dialogue, the purpose of which is to create standards that will minimize the key impacts of Seriola/Cobia aquaculture and move producers towards better performance. This will be done by identifying the key environmental and social impacts associated with the farming of three types of Seriola (S. rivoliana, S. quinqueradiata and S. lalandi) and cobia, and principles established for addressing each impact.[5] Then, criteria will be developed to provide direction on how to reduce each impact. It is open to all stakeholders, including producers and other members of the supply chain, researchers, nongovernmental and governmental organizations, and investors. The standards (finalised late 2011) will be adopted by the Aquaculture Stewardship Council, which will then work with independent, third-party entities to certify farms that are in compliance with the standards.[8]
Species
Nine recognized species are placed in this genus:[9]
- Seriola carpenteri F. J. Mather, 1971 (Guinean amberjack)
- Seriola dumerili (A. Risso, 1810) (greater amberjack)
- Seriola fasciata (Bloch, 1793) (lesser amberjack)
- Seriola hippos Günther, 1876 (samson fish)
- Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833 (yellowtail amberjack)
- Seriola peruana Steindachner, 1881 (fortune jack)
- , 1845 (Japanese amberjack)
- Seriola rivolianaValenciennes, 1833 (long-fin yellowtail, almaco jack, high-fin jack)
- Mitchill, 1815) (banded rudderfish)
References
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Seriola". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Carangidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ^ "Scientific Names where Genus Equals Seriola". FishBase. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
- ^ "Photos of giant Seriola".
- ^ a b c d World Wildlife Fund - Seriola and Cobia
- ^ Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara (10 August 2019). "Order CARANGIFORMES (Jacks)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ^ a b c d Introduction to Seriola Aquaculture Issues
- ^ Seriola and Cobia Aquaculture Dialogue (SCAD)
- ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). Species of Seriola in FishBase. August 2019 version.
- ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Seriola lalandi" in FishBase. August 2019 version.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). Seriola "Species in the genus 'Seriola'". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
- S2CID 86358991. Abstract