Siege of Hlukhiv

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Siege of Hlukhiv
Part of the Muscovite–Polish War (1654–1667)
Date 22 January — 9 February 1664 Location Hlukhiv, Hlukhiv Regiment, Cossack Hetmanate Result Muscovite victory
Belligerents
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Crimean Khanate Right Bank Cossacks	Tsardom of Muscovy Cossack Hetmanate
Commanders and leaders
John II Casimir John III Sobieski Stefan Czarniecki Stanisław Potocki	Grigory Romodanovsky Avraam Lopukhin Vasyl Dvoretsky
Ivan Bohun
Strength
50,000–53,000[1][page needed]	45,000
Casualties and losses
4,000–4,200 killed and wounded[1][page needed]	Light[citation needed]

The Siege of Hlukhiv (

In November 1663, the Polish King John II Casimir and the Ukrainian Hetman of the Right-Bank of the Cossack Hetmanate, Pavlo Teteria, started an offensive against the Left-Bank of the Cossack Hetmanate with an army numbered around 130,000 men (including camp followers).^[3] Without sufficient forces to stop the offensive, the Muscovite Prince Grigory Romodanovsky and the Ukrainian Hetman of the Left-Bank of the Cossack Hetmanate Ivan Briukhovetsky retreated to Putyvl. Proceeding almost without resistance, a forces of the Polish King John II Casimir ultimately and unsuccessfully besieged Hlukhiv, which was defended by the Zaporozhian Cossacks under the command of Colonel Vasyl Dvoretsky and the Muscovite Strelets under the command of Avraam Lopukhin.

Battle

With the help of the

Eight days later, on 30 January 1664, the Polish King John II Casimir ordered a repeat of the storming. The Crown Army once again managed to penetrate the fortress, but the counterattack of the Muscovite and Ukrainian Garrison drove the attackers out of it. The French Duke Antoine III de Gramont describes the storming as almost successful but once again expresses his surprise how the Muscovite and Ukrainian recaptured the openings in the walls and how efficiently they fired back in spite of heavy Polish–Lithuanian artillery fire aimed at them.^[3] The Crown Army again experienced heavy casualties and losses.

Meanwhile, the Muscovite Prince Grigory Romodanovsky and the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky arrives at Hlukhiv with their forces numbered around 45,000 Muscovite and Ukrainian troops.^[3] Simultaneously, many cities of the Left-Bank of the Cossack Hetmanate, which had previously surrendered without fighting, rebelled against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's occupation. The rebellions also spread into the Right-Bank of the Cossack Hetmanate. Wishing to avoid a great battle, which the Polish King John II Casimir has lost, he lifted the siege.

Retreat of the Crown Army

Pursued by the Muscovite and Ukrainian forces led by the Muscovite Prince Grigory Romodanovsky and the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky, the Crown Army, led by the Polish King John III Casimir, retreated to Novhorod-Siverskyi. During the retreat, the Poles and Lithuanians executed the Ukrainian Colonel Ivan Bohun, who was suspected of handing over important information to the Ukrainian Hlukhiv Garrison.

The Defense of