Solea senegalensis

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Solea senegalensis

Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Soleidae
Genus: Solea
Species:
S. senegalensis
Binomial name
Solea senegalensis
Kaup, 1858
Synonyms[2]

Solea senegalensis, the Senegalese sole, is a species of flatfish from the family of the true soles, the Soleidae, from the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea.

Description

Solea senegalensis is very similar to the

standard length of 60 cm but is more usually 45 cm.[2]

Distribution

Solea senegalensis occurs in the eastern Atlantic from southern Great Britain and Ireland, where it is rare, to Angola, including the Canary Islands. It entered the Mediterranean Sea via Gibraltar in the early 20th century,[5] fast expanded in the western Basin[6] as far east as northern Tunisia where it is an important resource and is now found in the Aegean Sea till the Sea of Marmara.[7]

Habitat and biology

Solea senegalensis is a

bivalves, with some small crustaceans. Females attain sexual maturity at around 3 years of age and a total length of 32 cm. Spawning takes place during the summer peaking in June around the Iberian Peninsula and in the Bay of Biscay when the water temperature is between 15 °C and 20 °C.[4]

Taxonomy

Over much of its range S. senegalensis is

Straits of Gibraltar, a phenomenon knows as Herculean migration after the Pillars of Hercules.[2]

Human interaction

In Europe both the common sole and the Senegalese sole are landed and marketed and there is little distinction made between them in statistics. There are, however, different geographical preferences with the common sole being preferred in northern Europe and the Senegalese sole being preferred in more southerly areas and these preferences are reflected in the higher market price for common sole in northern and western Europe while Senegalese sole is more valuable in southern Europe.[4] Off Mauritania there is an artisanal fishery for this species and the artisanal catch between 2006 and 2010 fluctuated between 117,328 kg to as low as 9,049 kg but information on fishing effort is lacking.[1] It is widely produced in extensive aquaculture in Portugal and Spain.[9]

The flesh is sold fresh, normally as fillets with smaller fillets going to domestic consumers and larger fillets to commercial markets such as hotels and restaurants.[4]

References

  1. ^
    doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T15622678A15623382.en
    . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2018). "Solea senegalensis" in FishBase. February 2018 version.
  3. ^ a b J.C. Hureau (ed.). "Fishes of the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea". Marine Species Identification Portal. ETI Bioinformatics. p. Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis). Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Solea spp. (S. solea, S. senegalensis)". Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme. Food and Agriculture Organization Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  5. ^ Borja J. (1920). Contribución al estudio de la fauna ictiológica de España. Memórias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona, 16(3): 1-191
  6. ^
    doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1987.tb00437.x
    .
  7. ^ Atlas of Exotic Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea (Solea senegalensis). 2nd Edition. 2021. 366p. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco.https://ciesm.org/atlas/fishes_2nd_edition/Solea_senegalensis.pdf
  8. S2CID 11363221
    .
  9. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00047-2
    . Abstract
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