St James's Gazette
The St James's Gazette was a London evening newspaper published from 1880 to 1905. It was founded by the Conservative
The St James's Gazette was bought by
A weekly digest of the paper, the St James's Budget, appeared from 3 July 1880 until 3 February 1911.[2]
History
Background
The St James's Gazette was founded in 1880 out of the
In order to continue his advocacy of the old policy of the Pall Mall, H. H. Gibbs[n 1] founded the St James's Gazette, taking Greenwood and the Pall Mall's entire staff; the first issue appeared on 31 May 1880.[7][8]
Publication
In the new paper
After the death of one of the proprietors, George Gibbs, on 26 November 1886 the financial control passed to his cousin Henry Gibbs, who was not equally in harmony with Greenwood's views. In 1888 Greenwood persuaded Edward Steinkopff (still in the Apollinaris business with George Smith, the ex-proprietor of the Pall Mall Gazette) to buy the St James's. But the new proprietor refused his editor the freedom he had so far enjoyed; and Greenwood retired suddenly and in anger within the year, to be succeeded by Sidney Low.[4]
St James's Gazette was one of the earliest supporters of the
Hugh Chisholm joined the St James's Gazette as assistant editor in 1892 and was appointed editor in 1897.[10] In the same year the paper's proprietor Edward Steinkopff sold the massively successful Apollinaris business to the restaurateur and hotelier Frederick Gordon, receiving £1,500,000 as his share.[11][12]
During these years, Chisholm also contributed numerous articles on political, financial and literary subjects to the weekly journals and monthly reviews, becoming well known as a literary critic and Conservative publicist.
The paper appealed to and influenced a comparatively small circle of cultured readers, a "superior" function more and more difficult to reconcile with business considerations.[13] During the years immediately following 1892, when the Pall Mall Gazette again became Conservative, the competition between Conservative evening papers became acute, because The Globe and Evening Standard were also penny Conservative journals; and it was increasingly difficult to carry on the St James's on its old lines so as to secure a profit to the proprietor; by degrees modifications were made in the general character of the paper, with a view to its containing more news and less purely literary matter. But it retained its original shape, with sixteen (after 1897, twenty) small pages, a form which the Pall Mall had abandoned in 1892.[13]
A number of well-known writers had pieces or short stories published in the Gazette, including Thomas Hardy ('The Grave by the Handpost', Christmas number, November 1897);[14] Kenneth Grahame ("A Bohemian in Exile", the first of the Pagan Papers);[15] Andrew Lang's 'Old Friends', a series of parodic essays in the form of imagined letters between fictional characters;[16] P. G. Wodehouse (three articles from 1902–1903)[17] and Oscar Wilde ("Mr. Oscar Wilde on Mr. Oscar Wilde", 18 January 1895).[18]
Chisholm moved in 1899 to
One of the concerns in Britain around the turn of the century was
St James's Budget
Starting on 3 July 1880, a weekly digest of the Gazette, including the main literary pieces and a summary of the week's news, was published as the St James's Budget. After 1893, it was turned into an independent illustrated weekly, edited from the same office by
Amalgamation
Steinkopff sold the St James's Gazette (or a controlling interest in it) to Pearson in 1903, who amalgamated it with the the Gazette ceased publication thereafter.
Disambiguation
Neither the St James's Gazette nor the weekly St James's Budget are to be confused with the St James Magazine, a monthly magazine published in London by W. Kent & Co. in four series between April 1861 and January 1882.[26]
See also
References
Notes
- ^ Gibbs, director of the Bank of England was a Conservative merchant banker and a member of Antony Gibbs & Sons, a firm of merchant traders. His uncle's firm Gibbs Bright & Co. (of Bristol & Liverpool) had been previously involved in the West African slave trade to their Caribbean sugar plantations and acted as shipping agents for Brunel's SS Great Britain; the firm was latterly involved in the guano fertiliser trade with the Bolivian & Peruvian governments and later in the sodium nitrate trade (needed for munitions) in Chile.
- ^ Chisholm became editor-in-chief of the 11th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica in 1903, with McNeill as assistant editor from 1906 to 1910
- ^ In his book Memory Looks Forward (1937) Parker recounted his memories of journalism beginning with the St James's Gazette under Ronald McNeill, afterwards Lord Cushendun. Source: J. B. Atkins, The Spectator, 29 October 1937, p. 34.
"Those who were journalists then will be made by the realism of the narrative to feel that they are living their lives again. The atmosphere and the methods described have almost passed away. Such papers as the St James's Gazette, the Globe and the Westminster Gazette were conducted by small thinking and writing staffs who, working anonymously, were ready to accept a collective credit or discredit. The well-known exaggeration that the influence of a paper is in inverse ratio to its circulation might have been invented for them – particularly for the Westminster Gazette." - ^ This was a London weekly paper published from 12 Jan. 1846 to 30 Nov. 1951,[24] sometimes contemporaneously called The London Guardian. Not to be confused with The Guardian (the Manchester Guardian before 1959), which moved publication to London in 1964.
Citations
- ^ Lee 1976, p. 165.
- ^ a b "St James's Budget". SUNCAT. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
- ^ Christie's sale 6572, lot 203
- ^ a b c d Lee et al. 2012, p. 56.
- ^ C&D 1906, p. 399.
- ^ Andrews, Allen Robert Ernest (June 1968). The Forward Party: The Pall Gazette 1865–1889 (M.A. Thesis). Vancouver: University of British Columbia. pp. v, 26–44, 45–66. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
- ^ a b Jones 1992, p. 91.
- ^ a b Chapman-Huston 1936, p. 47.
- ^ Chisholm 1911, p. 561.
- ^ Shattock 2000, p. 2934.
- ^ "London, 2 March 1906. Mr. Edward Steinkopff, who received £1,500,000 as his share of the Apollonaris business which he helped to found, died [in Feb. 1906] at Hayward's Heath." "Summary of World's Happenings". Poverty Bay Herald. Vol. 33, no. 10637. Gisborne, NZ. 12 April 1906. p. 4.
- ^ Frederick Gordon owned numerous hotels in London & the UK, and turned Bentley Priory into a hotel. Source: "Frederick Gordon, the world's greatest hotelier". Visit Stanmore. Stanmore Tourist Board.
- ^ a b c Chisholm 1911, p. 562.
- ISBN 0141938110.
- ISBN 978-1786560407.
- ^ Girvan, Ray (23 February 2012). "Andrew Lang: a sampler". Retrieved 29 July 2016.
- ^ "Articles from St. James's Gazette (UK)". Madame Eulalie's Rare Plums. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
- ISBN 0226775380.
- ^ "Leaving the Homeland". Moving Here. The National Archives (UK). Archived from the original on 5 December 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
- ^ Evans-Gordon 1903.
- ^ Evans-Gordon 1903, p. v.
- ^ "Family: James Alexander Francis Humberston Stewart-Mackenzie, Baron Seaforth / Mary Margaret Steinkopff (F1944157960)". Red1st. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
- ^ "A remarkable man". Vancouver Daily World. 6 April 1906. p. 4. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ "The Guardian". Suncat. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
- ^ a b c Berry 1947, p. 36.
- ^ "The St James's magazine". SUNCAT. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
Sources
- Berry, William (1947). British Newspapers and their Proprietors. London, Toronto, Melbourne: Cassell & Co.
- Chapman-Huston, Desmond (1936). The lost historian: a memoir of Sir Sidney Low. London: J. Murray.
- "Mr Edward Steinkopff". The Chemist and Druggist: 399. 10 March 1906.
- Chisholm, Hugh (1911). Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 565–2. . In
- Evans-Gordon, William (1903). The Alien immigrant. London: William Heinemann.
- Jones, Dorothy Richardson (1992). "King of Critics": George Saintsbury, 1845–1933, Critic, Journalist, Historian, Professor. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-10316-4.
- Lee, Alan J. (1976). The Origins of the Popular Press in England, 1855–1914. Croom Helm. ISBN 978-0-87471-856-0.
- ISBN 9781108047647.
- Shattock, Joanne, ed. (2000). The Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-39100-9.
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1912). "Greenwood, Frederick". Dictionary of National Biography (2nd supplement). London: Smith, Elder & Co.