St Mary's Church, Henbury

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Coordinates: 51°30′24″N 2°37′52″W / 51.506728°N 2.631207°W / 51.506728; -2.631207
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St Mary's Church, Henbury
English Gothic
Completed1300
Website
St Mary's

St Mary the Virgin (grid reference ST562788) is a Church of England parish church in Henbury, Bristol, England.

There may have been a church on the site since the 7th century. Construction of the present building took place during the 13th century.

Gothic Revival architects Thomas Rickman and George Edmund Street. The church has been designated by English Heritage as a grade II* listed building.[1]

History

The first church on the site probably dates to around AD 691–92, when King 

Westbury on Trym's monastery, which Wulfstan had acquired for the Worcester diocese around that time.[3]

When the monastery became

canons, who was responsible for providing the vicar for St Mary's. In addition, the Henbury church was the other church, alongside Holy Trinity Church, Westbury on Trym, whose maintenance was a collective responsibility of the college community.[4]

The college periodically received supervisory visits from the Worcester diocese,[3] with a bishop's palace in Henbury used as an episcopal residence until the late 15th century. This was situated somewhere close to St Mary's, though its exact location is not certain.[4][5][6]

When Westbury College was dissolved in 1544, St Mary's became a parish church of the new Bristol diocese.[7]

Archives

Parish records for St Mary's church, Henbury, Bristol are held at

overseers of the poor, parochial church council
, charities, schools and societies plus deeds, plans and photographs.

Architecture

The nave and lower tower date from around 1200. In the early 13th century the upper tower, chancel and south chapel were added, and the clerestory was built around 1300. These features are in the Early English style, although with some restoration since. Most notable are the Late Norman doorways, which have segmental arches.[1]

In 1836 Thomas Rickman built the north chapel and carried out restoration work, and the church was further restored by George Edmund Street in 1875–77. The 19th century restorations introduced Perpendicular Gothic Revival style features, in particular the windows for the nave and the chapels.[1]

In the churchyard there is a mortuary chapel which was built around 1830, and may also have been designed by Rickman. It is in the Early English Gothic Revival style and has been designated by English Heritage as grade II listed.[8]

Memorials

Grave of Scipio Africanus

The slave known as Scipio Africanus is buried in the churchyard in a grave with elaborately painted headstone and footstone, dated 1720.[9] It is grade II* listed.[10]

An

Egyptologist Amelia Edwards.[11] She is buried alongside her companion, Ellen Drew Braysher, with whom she had lived in Westbury on Trym, and Braysher's daughter, Sarah Harriet. In September 2016, Historic England designated the grave as grade II listed,[12] celebrating it as a landmark in English LGBT history.[13]

The churchyard also contains the grave of

King's Weston
, who died in 1935.

There are

Second World War,[14] the latter those of four soldiers and a Royal Air Force officer of the Second World War.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Church of St Mary the Virgin". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 30 July 2007.
  2. ISBN 0-7524-2533-1
    .
  3. ^ a b "Victoria History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 2 (1907), pp. 106–108". British History Online. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
  4. ^ a b Orme, Nicholas (2010). "John Wycliffe and the Prebend of Aust", Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 61 (1): 144–152.
  5. ISBN 0-905459-06-7
    .
  6. ^ "Monument No. 198198". PastScape. Retrieved 27 July 2010.
  7. ^ "Westbury College". PastScape. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2010.
  8. ^ "Mortuary chapel in the churchyard of the Church of St Mary". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 30 July 2007.
  9. ^ "Memorial to Scipio Africanus 10 metres NW of south porch of Church of St Mary". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 30 July 2007.
  10. ^ Historic England. "Memorial to Scipio Africanus 10 metres north west of south porch of Church of St Mary (1205137)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  11. ISBN 0-948695-61-7
    .
  12. ^ Historic England. "Grave of Amelia Edwards (1439170)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  13. ^ "'Queer history' landmarks celebrated by Historic England". BBC News. 23 September 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  14. ^ [1] CWGC Cemetery Report. Breakdown obtained from casualty record.
  15. ^ [2] CWGC Cemetery Report. Breakdown obtained from casualty record.

External links

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