Sup'ung Dam

Coordinates: 40°27′43″N 124°57′45″E / 40.46194°N 124.96250°E / 40.46194; 124.96250
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
See also: Supung Lake
Sup'ung Dam
Francis-type
2 x 67.5 MW Francis-type
Installed capacity765 MW

The Sup'ung Dam (

North Pyongan Province in North Korea
. The dam was constructed by the Japanese between 1937 and 1943 in order to generate electricity and has been repaired and renovated several times throughout the years, mainly due to spillway damage from flooding.

During the Korean War,

United Nations Command three separate times in order to disrupt power generation for the North Koreans. At the time of its completion, the dam was the largest in Asia, and power station was third-largest (after Hoover Dam and Wilson Dam
) hydroelectric power station in the world. It is still the largest hydroelectric power station on the Yalu (Korean: Amnok) River. Power produced at the dam's main 630 MW power station is evenly shared between China and North Korea.

The dam is featured on the national emblem of North Korea.

Background

Flooding of the dam's spillway while still under construction

In 1937, during

Irtysh River dam in Kazakhstan. They were later re-installed during the 1950s.[5]

Korean War attacks

Main article: Attack on the Sui-ho Dam

The dam's power station and

B-29 bombers. By 1 February 1953, it was believed that two generators had been repaired and were operational once again. This resulted in a third raid on the dam on 15 February which left the power station inoperable once again.[5]

Repairs and renovations

Throughout the dam's history, it underwent several renovations and repairs. Flooding in 1946 damaged the stilling basin at the toe of the dam and destroyed its spillway, requiring repairs the next year. Between September 1949 and April 1950, in a second repair, the spillway and plunge pool were renovated. Between 1955 and 1958, permanent post-war repairs were made to the dam and power station. The generators removed by the Soviets were replaced and the installed capacity of the power station upgraded to 630 MW.[6] In 1983, China began constructing an additional power station just downstream of the dam on their side of the river with two 67.5 MW generators. The first was commissioned in 1987 and the second in 1988.[7] The most recent renovation occurred between 2009 and 2011 in order to improve the function of the dam's spillways. The US$24.5 million renovation was funded by State Grid Corporation of China.[8]

Design

The dam seen from a satellite.

The Supung is a 106 m (348 ft) tall and 899.5 m (2,951 ft) long concrete gravity dam with a crest elevation of 126.4 m (415 ft). The dam's

sluice gates with a maximum discharge capacity of 37,650 m3/s (1,329,597 cu ft/s). An auxiliary spillway 1.7 km (1 mi) north of the dam consists of 16 sluice gates and has a maximum discharge capacity of 17,046 m3/s (601,974 cu ft/s). The dam's reservoir has a capacity of 14,600,000,000 m3 (11,836,413 acre⋅ft) of which 7,900,000,000 m3 (6,404,634 acre⋅ft) is active (or "useful") for power generation. The dam sits at the head of a 52,912 km2 (20,429 sq mi) catchment area and its reservoir has a surface area of 274 km2 (106 sq mi). The original power station at the base of the dam contains six 105 MW Francis turbine-generators which are afforded an average hydraulic head of 77 m (253 ft).[6][9] The additional power station on China's side contains two 67.5 MW Francis turbine generators. The total installed capacity of the dam's power stations is 765 MW.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa Nr. 3813, 3 October 1939
  2. ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6
  3. ISBN 0-7818-0873-1
    . Supung Dam Yalu 1937.
  4. ISBN 0-7656-1656-4
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 0-405-12204-7
    .
  6. ^ a b Kai, Yu (1998). "Shuifeng dam design review comments" (PDF) (in Chinese). Northeast Changchun: Ministry of Water Resources Survey. Retrieved 27 August 2011.
  7. ^ a b "Supung station (before restoration) Details" (in Chinese). Sino Hydro. Archived from the original on 5 October 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2011.
  8. ^ "China completes renovation of hydropower station on river bordering DPRK". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2011.
  9. ^ "Hydraulic structure Shuifeng Dam" (in Chinese). Weipu Academic. Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2011.
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