Supercomputing in Pakistan

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cluster, PowerEdge R715, at Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute

The

Cray supercomputers was initially denied.[2]

The fastest

National University of Sciences and Technology at its modeling and simulation research centre. As of November 2012, there are no supercomputers from Pakistan on the Top500 list.[3]

Background

But what about supercomputer exports to India or Pakistan? Will they be used to advance the nations' economies or to speed development of nuclear weapons?

— A passage in Fundamentals of International Business, p. 78 discussing U.S. technological export policy.[4]

The initial interests of Pakistan in the

fast-neutron calculations.[5]

According to one scientist involved in the development of the supercomputer, a team of the leading scientists at PAEC developed powerful computerized electronic codes, acquired powerful high performance computers to design this system and came up with the first

Khan Research Laboratories deployed a series of supercomputer systems at its site, becoming nation's one of the first fastest computers at that time.[8] Technological imports in supercomputers were denied to Pakistan, as well as India, due to an arms embargo, as the foreign powers feared that the imports and enhancement to the supercomputing development was a dual use of technology and could be used for developing nuclear weapons
in 1990s.

During the Bush administration, in an effort to help US-based companies gain competitive ground in developing information technology-based markets, the U.S. government eased regulations that applied to exporting high-performance computers to Pakistan and four other technologically developing countries. The new regulations allowed these countries to import supercomputer systems that were capable of processing information at a speed of 190,000 million theoretical

operations per second (MTOPS); the previous limit had been 85,000 MTOPS.[4]

List of organizations Supercomputers in Pakistan

TOP500 Rank Site Name Manufacturer Architecture Year Established Rmax
(TFlop/s)		 Rpeak
(TFlop/s)
- National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad - HPE Cluster (CPU + GPU) 2012 - 132
- Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur - Lenovo Cluster (CPU + GPU) 2021 - 97
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad Dunamis - Cluster (CPU + GPU) 2020 - 50.8
-
NED University of Engineering and Technology
(NEDUET), Karachi		 - - Cluster - - 10
- Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore - Huawei Cluster (CPU + GPU) 2018 - ~10
- Riphah International University (Riphah), Islamabad - IBM Cluster 2016 - 3.2
-
Kohat University of Science and Technology
(KUST), Kohat		 - - Cluster (CPU) 2008 - 0.416
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad - SGI MPP (CPU) 2011 - 0.384
- Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (GIKI), Swabi - Dell Cluster (CPU + GPU) 2012 - 0.158
- COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad - - Cluster (CPU) 2012 - 0.158
- University of Malakand (UoM), Chakdara [1] - - Cluster 2016 - N/A
- Khan Research Laboratories, Kahuta - IBM Cluster (CPU + GPU) 1990 - N/A (Classified)
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Nilore - IBM Cluster (CPU + GPU) 1991 - N/A (Classified)

Supercomputing programs

University of Malakand

Main article: University of Malakand

Developed Supercomputer in CCMS Department of Physics, University of Malakand. It is heavily used by Graduate Students, PhD Scholars and Faculty Members of UOM as well as Researchers from other organizations. It is operational since 2016 and its performance and configuration can be monitored from the link:

http://hpc.uom.edu.pk

It has 2-servers used as Head Nodes and 24-machines used as Compute Nodes. It has been mostly used for Simulation and Modeling by the Researchers of Materials Science and Chemistry Departments.

GIK Institute

Main article: Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

The Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (GIKI) has nation's notable supercomputer programmes.

This facility has been funded by Directorate of Science and Technology (DoST), Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in 2012 under supervision of Dr. Masroor Hussain.[9] This system provides a test bed for shared memory systems, distributed memory systems and Array Processing using OpenMP, MPI-2 and CUDA specifications, respectively. It is a compute-intensive platform and consisted of the following hardware components:[10]

  • Front Node: Dell R815 with 64 CPU cores, 256 GB RAM, 1.8 TB Secondary Memory
  • 3 Compute Nodes: Dell R715 each with 32 CPU cores per compute node (96 in total), 128 GB RAM per compute node (384 GB in total), 600 GB Secondary Memory/ compute node (1.8 TB in total)
  • NVIDIA Tesla M2090 Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) with 1024 GPU cores: This facility may be used for an emerging paradigm of parallel computing which uses GPUs as computing units, which connected to Front Node
  • Dell Power Connect 8024F layer-3 manageable switch: Front Node and the Compute Nodes are connected to each other using this switch. It provides an enormous data transfer rate of 10 Gbit/s among the connected entities using fibre channels
  • Software: To make the hardware layer parallel-computation-capable, Rocks Cluster 6.1 (Emerald Boa) over CentOS has been installed and configured along with CUDA roll

COMSATS

Main article:
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

The

GFLOPS. The packaging of the cluster was locally designed.[11]

NUST

Main articles:
National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan

The

National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) in Islamabad has developed the fastest supercomputing facility in Pakistan till date. The supercomputer, which operates at the university's Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), was inaugurated in September 2012.[12] The supercomputer has parallel computation abilities and has a performance of 132 teraflops per second (i.e. 132 trillion floating-point operations per second), making it the fastest graphics processing unit (GPU) parallel computing system currently in operation in Pakistan.[12]

It has multi-core processors and graphics co-processors, with an

QDR InfiniBand interconnection and 21.6 TB SAN storage."[12]

KRL

Main article:
Kahuta Research Laboratories

In 1990s, the

differential equations of the state of the materials under high pressure.[2]

KUST

The

Kohat University of Science and Technology installed a supercomputer facility with the specifications of Cluster.[13]

Attribute Value
Cluster Name KUST-Kohat
Number of CPUs 104
CPU Type EM64T
CPU Clock 2.00 GHz
Peak Performance 416 GFLOPS
Organization Kohat University
Location Kohat, N-W.F.P, Pakistan.
Last Updated 2008-01-21

Riphah International University

On 22 January 2016, Riphah International University based in Islamabad announced that their team of engineers have developed a supercomputer architecture. The system supports CUDA, MPI/LAM, OpenMP, OpenCL and OpenACC programming models. It also can solve larger algorithms, numerical techniques, big data, data mining, bioinformatics and genomics, business intelligence and analytics, climate, and weather and ocean related problems.[14]

UCERD Private Limited

UCERD Private Limited proposed and developed Pakistan's 1st FPGA-Powered Supercomputer.[15][16]

In 2019, the UCERD team has won HEC Technology Development Fund of Rs. 16 Million[17] for the Project "Development of Scalable Heterogeneous Supercomputing System"[18]

See also

References

  1. ISBN 978-93-85505-27-0
    .
  2. ^ a b c From the memoirs of Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan (8 September 2014). "Part-X". News International, Part X. News International. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  3. ^ "Top500 November 2012". Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  4. ^
    ISBN 978-0979734427
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 978-0804784801
    .
  6. doi:10.1080/09500348814551701
    .
  7. ^ "M. Suhail Zubairy". Department of Physics and Astronomy. Texas A&M University (TAME). Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  8. ^ From the Memoirs of Dr. A.Q. Khan (22 September 2014). "Part XII". News International, Part XII. News International. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
  9. ^ Hussain, Masroor Hussain. "Faculty Profile of Dr. Masroor Hussain".
  10. ^ Webteam, GIKI. "GIKI IT Facilities". The GIKI Webteam. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
  11. ^
    COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
    (Islamabad). Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  12. ^ a b c "Fastest supercomputer is out". Daily Times (Pakistan). 19 September 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  13. ^ "KUST-Kohat Cluster". rocksclusters.org. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  14. ^ "Riphah team develops supercomputer architecture". The Nation. 22 January 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  15. ^ "Pakistan's 1st FPGA-Powered Supercomputer System Developed by UCERD Private Limited". UCERD.Com. 18 January 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  16. ISBN 978-1-5386-1370-2
    .
  17. ^ "HEC TDF 3rd Call Results". HEC.gov.pk. 15 May 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
  18. ^ "Development Of A Scalable Heterogeneous Supercomputer". UCERD.Com. 15 May 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2019.

External links

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