TWA Flight 529
Los Angeles, California (LAX ) | |
Occupants | 78 |
---|---|
Passengers | 73 |
Crew | 5 |
Fatalities | 78 |
Survivors | 0 |
TWA Flight 529 was a
The accident was investigated by the
Flight history
The four-engine propliner originated in Boston, and after making intermediate stops in
Investigation
The CAB investigated the accident, and as the wreckage pieces were reassembled and scrutinized, it became apparent that a critical 5/16 inch AN-175-21 nickel steel bolt was missing in the elevator boost linkage mechanism.[5] By carefully examining and analyzing the various scuff marks and grease patterns near the missing bolt, the CAB investigators concluded that the bolt had fallen out prior to the aircraft's disintegration and collision with the ground, and not as a result of the accident itself. Without the bolt in place, the elevator (when in boost mode), and hence the entire aircraft, would become uncontrollable. This led the investigators to deduce that the bolt had fallen out, most likely by working itself loose, a short time prior to the beginning of the accident sequence.[4]
The design of the
On December 18, 1962, the CAB published its final report on the accident, concluding that the probable cause was "... the loss of an AN-175-21 nickel steel bolt from the parallelogram linkage of the elevator boost system, resulting in loss of control of the aircraft."[4]
Aftermath
As a result of their investigation of the accident, the CAB urged the FAA to mandate a redesign of the elevator boost control, so that the shift to manual mode could be easily carried out by the pilots, even when applying nose down pressure. The FAA replied that they had asked the manufacturer to incorporate procedural changes in the aircraft's flight manual, but did not require any design changes.
A memorial service was held at Prairie Trail Park in Willowbrook, Illinois, slightly east northeast of the crash site, on the 60th anniversary of the crash. A marker dedicated to the victims and first responders was unveiled at the ceremony. [4] By the 1990s, trees and brush had covered most of the crash site. As of 2022, the crash site was mostly undeveloped woodland surrounded by houses. The site has recently been clear cut as of 2023.
See also
- List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft
- Emery Worldwide Flight 17
External links
- WMAQ Chicago news report Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine at The Museum of Classic Chicago Television
- Desktop YouTube search for TWA Flight 529 videos
- Mobile YouTube search for TWA Flight 529 videos
- Flight Failure: Investigating the Nuts and Bolts of Air Disasters, Donald J. Porter. Promethius Books, May 2020. (ISBN 9781633886223) https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781633886223/Flight-Failure-Investigating-the-Nuts-and-Bolts-of-Air-Disasters-and-Aviation-Safety
Notes
- ^ "78 Perish as Airliner Crashes Near Chicago". AP on Ogden Standard Examiner, Ogden, UT. September 1, 1961. p. 1.
- ^ "Four Minutes Out". Time Magazine. September 8, 1961. Archived from the original on October 4, 2009.
The record air crash came last Dec. 16. when a TWA Super Constellation collided with a United Air Lines DC-8 jet over New York City, killed 134
- ^ a b "ASN accident record". ASN. Archived from the original on 2012-10-24. Retrieved 2009-06-08.
- ^ a b c d e "Civil Aeronautics Board Aircraft Accident Report Trans World Airlines, Inc., Lockheed Constellation, Model 049, N 86511, Midway Airport, Chicago, Illinois September 1, 1961". Civil Aeronautics Board. December 11, 1962. Archived from the original on August 22, 2017. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
- ISBN 0-8453-4777-2.
- ^ The actual wording from the CAB's final report is: "With the elevator at its maximum deflection (maximum hinge-moment or 40 degrees, depending on speed) and held there by full hydraulic pressure and with forward (nose-down) force on the column, it becomes difficult, if not impossible, to move the shift handle far enough to operate the shutoff and/or the bypass valves."