Temple of Roma and Augustus
The Temple of
Description
The
The People (dedicated this temple) to the Goddess Roma and [[Augustus Caesar]], when the
hoplite general was Pammenes, son of Zenon, of Marathon, priest of the Goddess Roma and Augustus Soter on the Acropolis, when the priestess of Athena Polias was Megiste, daughter of Asklepiades of Halai, in the archonship of Areios, son of Dorion, of Paiania.
Placing the monument on the Acropolis, then, signalled Athenian willingness to embrace the Imperial cult and the Augustan regime.[citation needed] The meaning of the location of the temple may have further significance, however. Either its placement in the "field of victory"[9] could signify the Athenian attempt to contextualise Roman power in the long span of Greek martial achievement, and thereby subtly subordinate it.[10] Or its creation along with a programme of contemporary public works represented evidence of the enthusiastic romanisation of the city.[11]
Notes
- ^ Arguably not a temple. See Camp, 2001, p.187
- epigraphicgrounds. Spawforth, 2012, p.106.
- ^ N. P. Iliou, The temple of Roma and Augustus on the Athenian Acropolis: A Symbol of Roman power?, The Post Hole, Issue 40. 2014.
- ^ Georg Kawerau, Tempel der Roma und des Augustus auf der Akropolis von Athen, Antike Denkmäler 1, Berlin, 1891, p. 13. P. Kavadias, G. Kawerau, Die Ausgrabung der Akropolis, p. 102.
- ^ Wolfgang Binder, Der Roma-Augustus Monopteros auf der Akropolis in Athen und sein typologischer Ort. Diss. Karlsruhe 1969. pp.31-32, disagrees. See Hoff 1996, n.5.
- ^ J. Travlos, Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Athens, 1971, p.494.
- ^ "IG II3 4, 10, translation and notes". Attic Inscriptions Online. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
- ^ Dio 54.7.3
- ^ J. Hurwit, The Athenian Acropolis, 1999, p.281
- ^ Hoff, 1996, p.194
- ^ Spawforth, 2012, p.106-117
Bibliography
- Arafat, K.W. (1996). Pausanias' Greece, Ancient artists and Roman rulers. Cambridge University Press.
- Camp, J. (2001). The Archaeology of Athens. Yale University Press.
- Hoff, M. (1996). "The politics and architecture of the Athenian imperial cult". In Foss, P.; Humphrey, J.H. (eds.). Subject and Ruler: The Cult of the Ruling Power in Classical Antiquity. Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplement. 17. pp. 185–200.
- Spawforth, T. (1997). "The Early Reception of the Imperial Cult in Athens: Problems and Ambiguities". In Hoff, M. C.; Rotroff, S. I. (eds.). The Romanization of Athens: Proceedings of an International Conference held at Lincoln, Nebraska (April 1996). Oxbow Monograph 94. pp. 183–202.
- Spawforth, A. (2012). Greece and the Augustan cultural revolution. Cambridge University Press.
- Whittaker, H. (2002). "Some Reflections on the Temple to the Goddess Roma and Augustus on the Acropolis at Athens". In Ostenfeld, E.N. (ed.). Greek Romans and Roman Greeks: Studies in Cultural Interaction. Aarhus University Press. pp. 25–39.