Teodolfo Mertel
Catholic | |
|---|---|
| Parents | Isidore Mertel |
| Previous post(s) | Cardinal-Deacon of Sant'Eustachio Cardinal-Deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata |
| Coat of arms |  |
Teodolfo Mertel (9 February 1806 – 11 July 1899) was a lawyer,
priest.[1]
Life
He was born in the town of
canon law on 16 July 1828.[3]
Mertel became a lawyer of the
Papal Treasury. He rose his way through the ranks of the Curia. Among his posts was that of Prefect of the Congregation of St. Ives, a society of lawyers and procurators, providing pro bono defense of the poor in the courts.[3]
ordained him a deacon, so that at the moment when he was created cardinal he in fact was still not in holy orders - the last non-priest in history to be elevated to the cardinalate. Mertel was never ordained a priest, and at the time of his death was the last cardinal never to have been ordained a priest. One result of this was that he attended Mass presided by his secretary Pietro Gasparri, who himself later became a Cardinal best known for his role in securing the Lateran Treaty with the Kingdom of Italy.[2]
Mertel participated in the
conclave of 1878, which elected Pope Leo XIII. During the coronation ceremonies, Mertel served as protodeacon and crowned the new pope,[4] since the Cardinal Protodeacon, Prospero Caterini, was unable to do so due to illness.[5] In 1881 he became the Cardinal Protodeacon upon the death of Cardinal Caterini and he also chose to have his title changed to that of the Church of Santa Maria in Via Lata
formerly held by the late cardinal.
Pope Leo named Mertel the Vice-
Chancellery of the Papal States and held by tradition by the cardinals who held that office.[3]
Because Cardinal Mertel was not an ordained priest, the cardinal-priest title of San Lorenzo in Damaso was treated as a deaconry pro illa vice.
In his final years, Mertel retired to his hometown, where he died in 1899. His funeral vigil was held in the Church of the Assumption, the main church of the town, and then he was buried in his family's tomb in the Shrine of the Madonna delle Grazie al Monte in the town.[2]
In 1917, eighteen years after Cardinal Mertel's death, Pope Benedict XV decreed through Canon 232 of the 1917 Code of Canon Law that all cardinals must be ordained priests.[6]
See also
References
- ^ "Teodolfo Cardinal Mertel". Catholic-Hierarchy.org.
- ^ a b c d "Biografia Cardinale Teodolfo Mertel". Allumiere (in Italian).
- ^ a b c "Mertel, Teodolfo". Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Salvador Miranda. Archived from the original on 2010-07-04. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
- ^ "The Coronation of Pope Leo XIII". Catholic World. 27 (158): 280–285.
- ^ "Caterini, Prospero". Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Salvador Miranda.
- ^ 1917 Code of Canon Law – Canon 232 §1
External links
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