The Twilight Zone
The Twilight Zone | |
---|---|
Created by | Rod Serling |
Original work | "The Time Element" (The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)) |
Owner | Paramount |
Years | 1958–present |
Print publications | |
Book(s) | Twilight Zone: 19 Original Stories on the 50th Anniversary (2009) |
Films and television | |
Film(s) | Twilight Zone: The Movie (1983) |
Television series |
|
Television film(s) | Twilight Zone: Rod Serling's Lost Classics (1994) |
Audio | |
Radio program(s) | The Twilight Zone radio dramas (2002–12) |
Original music | Marius Constant[1] (composer) |
Miscellaneous | |
Theme park attraction(s) | The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror (1994–present) |
Pinball | Twilight Zone pinball machine (1993) |
The Twilight Zone is an American
The Twilight Zone followed in the tradition of earlier television shows such as
TV Guide ranked the original TV series #5 in their 2013 list of the 60 greatest shows of all time and #4 in their list of the 60 greatest dramas.[2][3]
Television history
Series | Season | Episodes | Originally released | Narrator | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First released | Last released | Network | ||||||||||
5 | 36 | September 27, 1963 | June 19, 1964 | |||||||||
1985–1989 series | 1 | 24 | September 27, 1985 | April 11, 1986 | CBS | Charles Aidman | ||||||
2 | 11 | September 27, 1986 | July 17, 1987 | |||||||||
3 | 30 | September 24, 1988 | April 15, 1989 | Syndication | Robin Ward | |||||||
2002–2003 series | 1 | 43 | September 18, 2002 | May 21, 2003 | UPN | Forest Whitaker | ||||||
CBS All Access Jordan Peele | | |||||||||||
2 | 10 | June 25, 2020 | ||||||||||
Films | ||||||||||||
The Movie | Film | June 24, 1983 | Theatrical release | Burgess Meredith | ||||||||
Rod Serling's Lost Classics | TV film | May 19, 1994 | CBS | James Earl Jones |
Background
This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2023) |
As a boy, Rod Serling was a fan of pulp fiction stories. As an adult, he sought books with themes such as racism, government, war, society, and human nature in general. Serling decided to combine these interests to broach these subjects on television at a time when they were considered taboo.[4]
Throughout the
"The Time Element" (1958)
CBS purchased a teleplay in 1958 that writer Rod Serling hoped to produce as the pilot of a weekly anthology series. "The Time Element" marked Serling's first entry in the field of science fiction.
Plot
Thirteen years after the end of World War II, a man named Peter Jenson (
Production
With the "Time Element" script, Serling drafted the fundamental elements that defined the subsequent series: a science-fiction/fantasy theme, opening and closing narration, and an ending with a twist. "The Time Element" was purchased immediately but shelved indefinitely.
This is where things stood when
First series (1959–1964)
The series was produced by Cayuga Productions, Inc., a production company owned and named by Serling. It reflects his background in Central New York State and is named after Cayuga Lake, on which he owned a home, and where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located.
Aside from Serling, who wrote or adapted nearly two-thirds of the series' total episodes, writers for The Twilight Zone included leading authors such as
Twilight Zone's writers frequently used science fiction as a vehicle for social comment, as networks and sponsors who censored controversial material from live dramas were less concerned with seemingly innocuous fantasy and sci-fi stories. Frequent themes on The Twilight Zone included
Despite his esteem in the writing community, Serling found the series difficult to sell. Few critics felt that science fiction could transcend empty escapism and enter the realm of adult drama. In a September 22, 1959, interview with Serling, Mike Wallace asked a question illustrative of the times: "...[Y]ou're going to be, obviously, working so hard on The Twilight Zone that, in essence, for the time being and for the foreseeable future, you've given up on writing anything important for television, right?" While Serling's appearances on the show became one of its most distinctive features, with his clipped delivery still widely imitated today, he was reportedly nervous about it and had to be persuaded to appear on camera. Serling often steps in in medias res, while the characters remain oblivious to him, with on notable exception: In "A World of His Own", a writer (Keenan Wynn) with the make characters appear and disappear objects to Serling's narration and promptly erases Serling from the show.
In season two, due to budgetary constraints, the network decided – against Serling's wishes – to cut costs by shooting some episodes on
The first series contains 156 episodes. The episodes in seasons one through three are 30 minutes long with commercials (24 or 25 minutes without commercials). Season four (1962–63) consists of one-hour episodes with commercials (51 minutes without commercials). Season five returned to the half-hour format.[7]
Second series (1985–1989)
It was Serling's decision to sell his share of the series back to the network that eventually allowed for a Twilight Zone revival. As an in-house production, CBS stood to earn more money producing The Twilight Zone than it could by purchasing a new series produced by an outside company. Even so, the network was slow to consider a revival, turning down offers from the original production team of Rod Serling and Buck Houghton and later from American filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola.
CBS gave the new Twilight Zone a
Rod Serling's Lost Classics (1994)
In the early 1990s, Richard Matheson and Carol Serling produced an outline for a two-hour made-for-TV movie which would feature Matheson adaptations of three yet-unfilmed Rod Serling short stories. Outlines for such a production were rejected by CBS until early 1994, when Serling's widow discovered a complete shooting script ("Where the Dead Are") authored by her late husband, while rummaging through their garage. She showed the forgotten script to producers Michael O'Hara and Laurence Horowitz, who were significantly impressed by it. "I had a pile of scripts, which I usually procrastinate about reading. But I read this one right away and, after 30 pages, called my partner and said, "I love it," recalled O'Hara. "This is pure imagination, a period piece, literate – some might say wordy. If Rod Serling's name weren't on it, it wouldn't have a chance at getting made."
Eager to capitalize on Serling's celebrity status as a writer, CBS packaged "Where the Dead Are" with Matheson's adaptation of "The Theatre", debuting as a two-hour feature on the night of May 19, 1994, under the name Twilight Zone: Rod Serling's Lost Classics. The title represents a misnomer, as both stories were conceived long after Twilight Zone's cancellation. Written just months before Serling's death, "Where the Dead Are" starred Patrick Bergin as a 19th-century doctor who stumbles upon a mad scientist's medical experiments with immortality. "The Theatre" starred Amy Irving and Gary Cole as a couple who visits a cineplex where they discover the feature presentation depicts their own lives. James Earl Jones provided opening and closing narrations.
Critical response was mixed.
Third series (2002–2003)
A third series was developed by
Fourth series (2019–2020)
In December 2012, it was reported that
In February 2016, it was reported that
The season 1 episode "Nightmare at 30,000 Feet" is based on the first series' season 5 episode "Nightmare at 20,000 Feet".[22] The season 2 episode "You Might Also Like" features the Kanamits, who first appeared in the first series' season 3 episode "To Serve Man".[23] On February 24, 2021, CBS All Access canceled the series after two seasons.[24]
Other media
This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2013) |
Film
Potential film
Actor Leonardo DiCaprio is planning to make a new film with Warner Bros., citing The Twilight Zone as his favorite TV series. Unlike the first film, which was an anthology feature, it will be a big-budget, SFX-laden continuous story possibly based on classic episodes of the series such as "Eye of the Beholder", "To Serve Man", or any of the 92 scripts written by Rod Serling, to which Warner Bros. owns the rights.[25][26][27][28][29] One plot leaked from the script tells about a pilot who time-travels 96 years into the future.[30] Cloverfield director Matt Reeves was signed in 2011 to direct the movie, but left in 2012 to direct Dawn of the Planet of the Apes.[31] On August 16, 2013, Joseph Kosinski was announced to direct.[32] The studio hired Aron Eli Coleite to pen the screenplay for the film and will not be an anthology but use various elements from the Twilight Zone universe.[33] In June 2017, Christine Lavaf was hired to write the script.[34]
Games
In 1964, Ideal released a board game, The Twilight Zone Game, at the height of the show's popularity. The game consisted of a cardboard playing surface, four colored playing pieces, a colored spinning wheel, and 12 "door" playing cards.
Literature
Serling novelized several of his original scripts, which were published in the anthologies Stories from the Twilight Zone (1960), More Stories from the Twilight Zone (1961) and New Stories from the Twilight Zone (1962); these have all been reprinted several times, including in an omnibus, The Twilight Zone: Complete Stories (1980). In 1995, DAW Books published the anthology books Journeys to the Twilight Zone (16 stories edited by Carol Serling including Rod Serling's "Suggestion"), Return to the Twilight Zone (18 stories edited by Carol Serling including Rod Serling's "The Sole Survivor"), and Adventures in the Twilight Zone (24 stories edited by Carol Serling including Rod Serling's "Lindemann's Catch"). In September 2009, Tor Books published Twilight Zone: 19 Original Stories on the 50th Anniversary, to mark the 50th anniversary of the series. It contains stories by 20 authors such as R. L. Stine and Timothy Zahn, and an introduction by Carol Serling.
Comic books
In 2008, students at the Savannah College of Art and Design partnered with Walker & Co. to create graphic novels based on eight episodes of the series through 2009. The first four, "Walking Distance", "The After Hours", "The Monsters Are Due on Maple Street", and "The Odyssey of Flight 33", were released in December 2011. The other four were "The Midnight Sun", "Deaths-Head Revisited", "The Big Tall Wish" and "Will the Real Martian Please Stand Up?"[42] Comics publisher Dynamite Entertainment ran a multiple-issue series, written by J. Michael Straczynski and with art by Guiu Vilanova, beginning in December 2013.
Music
Television series
- Nathan Van Cleave, René Garriguenc and Franz Waxman.[45]
- The Grateful Dead performed the theme for the 1985 revival series.
- Jonathan Davis of Korn composed the theme music for the 2002 revival series.
- Marco Beltrami and Brandon Roberts composed the music for the 2019 revival.
Film
- Jerry Goldsmith composed the music for Twilight Zone: The Movie (1983).
Influence in popular music
Michael Jackson used samples from The Twilight Zone in his songs "The Lost Children" and "Threatened" from the 2001 album Invincible.
Many other musicians have written and performed music based on The Twilight Zone, including:
Radio
Beginning in 2002, episodes of the original The Twilight Zone were adapted for radio, with Stacy Keach taking Serling's role as narrator and produced by Carl Amari of Falcon Picture Group. Each episode features a current Hollywood celebrity, including Jason Alexander, Blair Underwood, Lou Gossett, Jr., Michael York, Jim Caviezel, Jane Seymour, Don Johnson, Sean Astin, Luke Perry and others in the title roles. The series is broadcast on hundreds of radio stations from coast to coast and over Sirius/XM. The station list and episodes for download, including 3 Free episodes are available at the official website at www.twilightzoneradio.com
Scripts
Beginning in 2001, Gauntlet Press began publishing collections of original scripts from The Twilight Zone by Charles Beaumont, Richard Matheson, and Rod Serling. A ten-volume signed, limited edition series of all 92 of Rod Serling's scripts, authorized by his wife, Carol Serling, began yearly publication in 2004. Many of the scripts contain handwritten edits by Serling himself and differ in significant ways from the aired versions; most volumes contain an alternate version of a selected script. The script for "The Monsters Are Due on Maple Street" has been published into 7th grade reading books in the form of a play.
Stage productions
Live theatre productions of the original episodes can be seen in Los Angeles and Seattle, where Theater Schmeater has continuously produced a late-night series, "The Twilight Zone – Live" with permission of the Serling estate, since 1996. In 2009,
In 2017, Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School produced a live adaptation directed by Adam Graham with permission from CBS, with two shows containing four episodes each. These episodes included "Will The Real Martian Please Stand Up?" and "The Monsters Are Due On Maple Street." as well as more technically challenging episodes such as "Penny For Your Thoughts" and "The Eye of the Beholder."
In December 2017 the
Theme park attraction
The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror is a theme park attraction based on the original Twilight Zone series. Designed by
Syndication
The Twilight Zone first series is currently in syndication on MeTV Network[56] and Syfy, and the 2002 revival is syndicated on the El Rey Network.
In popular culture
In Matt Groening's Futurama, there is a dystopian TV show called The Scary Door, the title sequence, dystopian themes and comedic premise of which are heavily influenced by The Twilight Zone. One episode of The Scary Door, "The Last Man On Earth," parodies The Twilight Zone's original season 1 episode "Time Enough At Last."[57][58]
Many Treehouse Of Horror episodes of The Simpsons also reference the show. These include "Treehouse of Horror" (where the family are abducted by aliens, "Hungry Are The Damned"), "Treehouse of Horror III" (which features an evil Krusty The Clown doll, "Clown Without Pity") and "Treehouse of Horror IV" (where Bart sees a gremlin on the side of the school bus, "Terror at 5 1/2 Feet"). Homer also references the show in the "Homer3" segment of "Treehouse of Horror VI," when, upon entering the 3rd dimension, he says "It's like something out of that twilighty show about that zone".[59][60][61][62][63]
The X-Files character Robert Matheson is named after one of the original series' writers.[59]
In Mad Men, Paul Kinsey quotes Rod Serling's "submitted for your approval" opening and foreshadows the original show's cancellation (Season 1, Episode 2), saying "Mitch in Media says CBS might pull the plug -- I'll kill myself."[59]
The Late Show with Stephen Colbert aired a skit The Twilight Zone: Just The Twists on February 1, 2016 and on January 22, 2024, where the host claims to get access to unreleased alternative versions of episodes.[64][65]
The video game Alan Wake contains an in-universe series called Night Springs, episodes of which the player can find on televisions scattered through the game. The episodes mirror The Twilight Zone's intro, theme song, and storytelling style, complete with an announcer impersonating Rod Serling's voice and narration.[66][67]
Many bands and artists have released songs dedicated to the show, with some titled "The Twilight Zone"/"Twilight Zone", as listed above. John Grant briefly mentions the show's title in the song "Sigourney Weaver", from his 2010 album, Queen of Denmark. British post-punk band The Fall released a song called "Time Enough At Last" appearing on their Code: Selfish album. The song recounts the events of the original Twilight Zone episode of the same name and also appears on the band's 2003 compilation album of the same name. Mathcore duo Serling is named after the shows creator, Rod Serling. All songs, lyrics, and albums of theirs discuss particular Twilight Zone episodes and themes.[68][69][70]
See also
- 13 Demon Street
- Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond
- Alfred Hitchcock Presents
- The New Alfred Hitchcock Presents
- Amazing Stories
- Are You Afraid of the Dark?
- Black Mirror
- Creepshow
- Freddy's Nightmares
- Fringe
- Goosebumps
- Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids
- Hammer House of Mystery and Suspense
- La hora marcada
- Inside No. 9
- Into the Dark
- Masters of Science Fiction
- Monsters
- Night Gallery
- Night Visions
- Round the Twist
- Science Fiction Theatre
- The Outer Limits (1963 TV series)
- The Outer Limits (1995 TV series)
- The Simpsons: Treehouse of Horror
- Tales from the Crypt
- Tales from the Darkside
- Tales of Tomorrow
- The Ray Bradbury Theater
- The Veil
- Thriller
- Twin Peaks
- Ultra Q
- 'Way Out
- The X-Files
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Bibliography
- Albarella, Tony, ed. As Timeless as Infinity: The Complete Twilight Zone Scripts of Rod Serling. Colorado Springs, CO: Gauntlet Press.
- *Vol. 1 (2004). ISBN 978-1-887368-71-1.
- *Vol. 2 (2005). ISBN 978-1-887368-76-6.
- *Vol. 3 (2006). ISBN 978-1-887368-82-7.
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- Anker, Roger, ed. (2004). The Twilight Zone Scripts of Charles Beaumont, Vol. 1. Colorado Springs, CO: Gauntlet Press. ISBN 978-1-887368-73-5.
- DeVoe, Bill. (2008). Trivia from The Twilight Zone. Albany, GA: Bear Manor Media. ISBN 978-1-59393-136-0.
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- Presnell, Don and Marty McGee. (2008). A Critical History of Television's The Twilight Zone, 1959–1964. Jefferson, NC: ISBN 978-0-7864-3886-0
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- Zicree, Marc Scott (1982). The Twilight Zone Companion. First Edition, Bantam Books. ISBN 978-1-879505-09-4.
External links
- The Twilight Zone at IMDbfirst series
- The Twilight Zone at IMDbsecond series
- The Twilight Zone at IMDbthird series
- The Twilight Zone at IMDbfourth series
- The Twilight Zone at Curlie
- Encyclopedia of Television
- Twilight Zone Scifi.com Page
- The Twilight Zone Revisited
- Fan Site
- The Twilight Zone first series at CVTA
- The Twilight Zone second series at CVTA
- Twilight Zone actors interviewed, October, 2015