Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan
The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan (Japanese: 日仏修好通商条約) (1858) opened diplomatic relations and trade between the two counties.
Description
The treaty was signed in
Unequal Treaties
were:
- exchange of diplomatic agents.
- Niigata, and Yokohama’s opening to foreign trade as ports.
- ability of foreign citizens to live and trade at will in those ports (only opium trade was prohibited).
- a system of extraterritoriality that provided for the subjugation of foreign residents to the laws of their own consular courts instead of the Japanese law system.
- fixed low import-export duties, subject to international control, thus depriving the Japanese government control of foreign trade and protection of national industries (the rate would go as low as 5% in the 1860s.)
In 1859, Gustave Duchesne de Bellecourt arrived and became the first French representative in Japan.[1][3] A French Consulate was opened that year at the Temple of Saikai-ji, in Mita, Edo,[3] at the same time as an American Consulate was established at the Temple of Zenpuku-ji, and a British Consulate at the Temple of Tōzen-ji.
The ratified Treaty was brought to the shōgun by Duchesne de Bellecourt, on February 4, 1860.
See also
- List of Ambassadors from France to Japan
- France-Japan relations (19th century)
- Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and Russia, 7 February 1855.
- Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States-Japan)on July 29, 1858.
- Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the Netherlands and Japan on August 18, 1858.
- Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Russia and Japan on August 19, 1858.
- Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce on August 26, 1858.
- Treaty of Peace, Amity and Commerce between Portugal and Japan on August 3, 1860
- Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Prussia and Japan on January 24, 1861.
Notes
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan.
- Halleck, Henry Wager. (1861). International law: or, Rules regulating the intercourse of states in peace and war New York: D. Van Nostrand. OCLC 852699
- Omoto Keiko, Marcouin Francis (1990) Quand le Japon s'ouvrit au monde (in French) Gallimard, Paris, ISBN 2-07-076084-7
- HachetteFujin Gahōsha (アシェット婦人画報社).
- __________. (2002). 絹と光: 知られざる日仏交流100年の歴史 (江戶時代-1950年代) Kinu to hikari: shirarezaru Nichi-Futsu kōryū 100-nen no rekishi (Edo jidai–1950-nendai). Tokyo: Ashetto Fujin Gahōsha, 2002. OCLC 50875162