Tygart Valley River

Coordinates: 39°27′54″N 80°09′11″W / 39.46500°N 80.15306°W / 39.46500; -80.15306
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Tygart Valley River
Pocahontas County, WV
 • coordinates38°28′06″N 79°58′51″W / 38.46833°N 79.98083°W / 38.46833; -79.98083[1]
 • elevation4,540 ft (1,380 m)[2]
Fairmont, WV
 • coordinates
39°27′54″N 80°09′11″W / 39.46500°N 80.15306°W / 39.46500; -80.15306[1]
 • elevation
863 ft (263 m)[1]
Length135 mi (217 km)[3]
Basin size1,329 sq mi (3,440 km2)[4]
Discharge 
 • locationmouth
 • average2,855.07 cu ft/s (80.847 m3/s) (estimate)[5]
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftMiddle Fork River, Buckhannon River
 • rightConley Run
The Tygart Valley River in Elkins in 2006
Tygart River Lake and Dam near Grafton, West Virginia. View is upriver to the south.

The Tygart Valley River — also known as the Tygart River — is a principal

unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau
.

Course

The Tygart Valley River rises in the Allegheny Mountains in Pocahontas County and flows generally north-northwestwardly through Randolph, Barbour, Taylor and Marion counties, past the towns of Huttonsville, Mill Creek, Beverly, Elkins, Junior, Belington, Philippi, Arden, and Grafton, to Fairmont, where it joins the West Fork River to form the Monongahela River.[6] (The Tygart is thus the "East Fork" of the Monongahela.) Downstream of Elkins, the Tygart passes through a gap between Rich Mountain and Laurel Mountain, which are considered to be part of the westernmost ridge of the Allegheny Mountains and the boundary between the Alleghenies and the Allegheny Plateau.[4][7]

Along its course the river collects

Tygart Lake.[8] Valley Falls State Park is along the river between Grafton and Fairmont.[6][9]

Discharge

At its mouth, the river has an estimated mean annual flow volume of 2,855 cubic feet per second (80.8 m3/s).

m³/s). The river's highest flow during the period was estimated at 61,000 ft3/s (1,727 m3/s) on November 5, 1985. The lowest recorded flow was 4.9 ft3/s (0.1 m3/s) on several days in October 1953.[10]

At an upstream gauge near the community of Dailey in Randolph County, the annual mean flow of the river between 1915 and 2005 was 358 ft3/s (10 m3/s). The highest recorded flow during the period was 19,900 ft3/s (564 m3/s) on May 17, 1996. Readings of zero were recorded for several months during autumn of the years 1930 and 1953.[10]

History

The Tygart Valley was first settled by

Europeans in 1753 when David Tygart (for whom the valley and river are named) and Robert Files (or Foyle) located (separately) with their families in the vicinity of present-day Beverly. Although there had been no recent history of conflicts between whites and Indians in that immediate area, that summer a party of Indians traveling the Shawnee Trail discovered the Files cabin and killed seven members of the family. One son escaped and alerted the Tygart family, allowing all to escape. No other white settlement was attempted in present Randolph County until 1772. (It has been thought that Tygart was again among those settling then, but this is not certain).[11]

The brothers John and Samuel Pringle, who had taken up residence along the

Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson
.)

Several minor actions occurred in the Valley during the

Battle of Philippi, the Battle of Laurel Hill and the Battle of Cheat Mountain
, all in 1861.

Variant names and spellings

The United States Board on Geographic Names settled on "Tygart River" as the stream's name in 1902, and changed it to "Tygart Valley River" in 1950. According to the Geographic Names Information System, the Tygart Valley River has also been known historically as:[1]

  • Muddy River
  • Tagret Valley River
  • Tigar Valley Fork
  • Tigar Valley River
  • Tigarts Valley River
  • Tigers Valley River
  • Tigert Valley River
  • Tigris Valley River
  • Tygars Valley
  • Tygars Valley River
  • Tygart River
  • Tygart's River
  • Tygart's Valley River
  • Tygarts Valley River
  • Tygarts-Valley River
  • Tyger Valley Fork
  • Tyger Valley River
  • Tygers Valley
  • Tygers Valley River
  • Tygerts River
  • Tygerts Valley River
  • Tygharts Valley River
  • Valley River

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d Geographic Names Information System. "Geographic Names Information System entry for Tygart Valley River (Feature ID #1553309)". Retrieved 2007-03-12.
  2. GNIS
    source coordinates. Retrieved on March 12, 2007.
  3. ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed August 15, 2011
  4. ^
    ISBN 0-9778498-0-5
    .
  5. ^ a b United States Environmental Protection Agency. "Watershed Report: Tygart Valley River". watersgeo.epa.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-07-03. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  6. ^
    ISBN 0-89933-246-3
    .
  7. ISBN 0-9778498-0-5
    .
  8. ^ United States Army Corps of Engineers. "Tygart Lake". Archived from the original on 2011-05-17. Retrieved 2007-03-12.
  9. ^ "Valley Falls State Park". Retrieved 2007-03-12.
  10. ^ a b Ward, S. M.; G. R. Crosby. "Water Resources Data, West Virginia, Water Year 2005". United States Geological Survey. pp. Monongahela River Basin. Retrieved 2007-05-20.
  11. ^ Maxwell, Hu (1899). The History of Barbour County, From its Earliest Exploration and Settlement to the Present Time, The Acme Publishing Company, Morgantown, W.Va. (Reprinted, McClain Printing Company, Parsons, W.Va., 1968). pp. 180–181.
  12. ^ Rice, Otis K. and Stephen W. Brown (1993). West Virginia, A History, 2nd Edition, The University Press of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. p. 29.
  13. ISBN 0-87012-703-9
    .

Further reading
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