Type V collagen
Type V collagen is a form of fibrillar
Type V collagen is a part of the family of collagen proteins consisting of Collagen I- Collagen XXVIII. Collagen proteins are often associated with the strengthening and support of many tissues including skin, bones, muscles, and ligaments. There are some studies that suggest that Type V collagen is responsible for the formation of other collagen fibrils in different tissues within the body.[3] According to studies, Collagen V regulates the heterotypic fiber diameter.[4] Type V Collagen is considered a regulatory fibril forming collagen.[5] Collagen V is associated with the COL5A1 gene which is the gene which provides instructions to produce Collagen V. Type V Collagen, like other collagens, is made up of procollagen molecules.
Collagen V molecular isoforms are α1(V)α2(V)α3(V), α1(V)3, and α1(V)2 α2(V). These procollagen molecules are made up of three different α -polypeptide chains.[5] These α -polypeptide chains are α1(V), α2(V), and α3(V). Different combinations of these chains form the Type V collagen Isoforms. Procollagen molecules then form mature collagen with the help of enzymes. After the chains are formed, they arrange into thin fibrils. These collagen fibrils then assort with type I collagen fibrils.[3]
Type V collagen is a part of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM).[5] Collagen V is gene expression modulated by TGF-β. Type V collagen has shown that it is resistant to digestion by interstitial collagenases. Denatured collagen V on the other hand, can be degraded by gelatinases as well as metalloproteinases.[5]
Alternative names
Type V collagen has a few alternative names alpha 1 These include: type V collagen preproprotein, CO5A1_HUMAN, and collagen type V alpha.[3] Type V collagen can also be abbreviated to COLV or collagen V.
Diseases associated with type V collagen
Some studies show that a mutation in the gene that codes for Type V collagen is linked as the cause of a form of
Health
Type V Collagen studies show that Collagen V plays some other roles in different parts of the body. These roles can be both beneficial and harmful.
Beneficial roles that Type V collagen plays in the body are:
- Neoepitopes of Type V collagen have shown to be a useful noninvasive serum biomarker for assessing fibrotic progression and resolution in experimental hepatic fibrosis.[5]
- Type V Collagens isoform which contains the α3(V) chain is involved in mediating pancreatic islet cell functions.[5]
- Type V Collagens will arrange with Type I Collagen and form heterotypic fibrils in the skin dermis and cornea. Together, Collagen V and Collagen I acts as a dominant regulator of collagen fibrillogenesis.[5]
- Type V Collagens interacts with matrix collagens and structural proteins. This interaction improves structural integrity to tissue scaffolds.[5]
Harmful roles that Type V collagen can play in the body.
- Having a Type V Collagen deficiency has been associated with loss of corneal transparency and classic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.[5]
- Studies have shown that an overexpression of Type V Collagen can lead to harmful responses in the body. Collagen V overexpression has been found in cancer, granulation tissue, inflammation and atherosclerosis. It is also linked to fibrosis of the lungs, skin, kidneys, adipose tissue, and liver.[5]
- Increases in Type V Collagen are associated with both early and advanced hepatic fibrosis.[5]
- Studies show that increased synthesis of abnormal Type V Collagen is linked to the pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis[4]
Autoimmunity against type V collagen is associated with lung transplant failure.[6][7][8]
Genes
- COL5A3
References
External links
- Collagen+Type+V at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)